Science & Mathematics

Boshlang’ich ta’limda bolalarning ma’naviy-ahloqiy kompetentsiyalari ularning shaxsiy, ijtimoiy va kelgusidagi kasbiy rivojlanishida asosiy ahamiyatga ega hisoblanadi. Maqolada ushbu kompetentsiyalarni shakllantirishning pedagogik mexanizmlari va zamonaviy metodikalar tahlil qilingan.

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.

В статье исследуется историко-правовая эволюция миграционного права Республики Узбекистан в контексте общих закономерностей развития национальной правовой системы. Особое внимание уделено институциональным и методологическим аспектам становления миграционного законодательства, рассматриваемым через призму теоретических подходов профессора Х.Т. Одилкориева, сформировавшего фундамент ташкентской школы теории государства и права. На основе анализа нормативных актов, этапов правового регулирования и современных реформ обосновывается, что миграционное право прошло путь от фрагментарного административного регулирования к комплексному институту публичного права, отражающему гуманистические и системные принципы, сформулированные в трудах узбекских учёных. Выявлены закономерности кодификации, цифровизации и институционализации данной отрасли права в условиях стратегии «Нового Узбекистана».

This article analyzes the differences and similarities between literary and everyday English expressions used in the classroom. It highlights how literary language enriches students’ vocabulary, develops their imagination, and improves critical thinking, while everyday English helps them communicate naturally and effectively. The study discusses methods of integrating both types of expressions in English language lessons to enhance students’ linguistic competence. As a result, the article concludes that combining literary and everyday English in teaching fosters a balanced development of students’ expressive and communicative skills.

Polistes (Epicnemius) angulinus Richards, 1951(Figs 39, 40)Polistes erythrogaster var. angulinus Richards in Richards & Richards, 1951: 92, ♀.Diagnosis.Female. Body dark brown to black, with the mesepisternum lighter than the body color.Wing pigmentation hyaline and matte. Relatively small size, maximum 15 mm in total length. Clypeus longer than wide, covered by short bristles at its base becoming long toward the apex, with medium-sized and deep punctures, present only in the apical region; apex rounded, clypeus-eye touching for an extent equal to or greater than width of antennal socket, gena width at midlength equal to or slightly wider than eye; occipital carina strong, extending to middle of the eye; humeri slightly projecting; mesepisternum with short bristles, punctation small and shallow; propodeal concavity and striae absent; tergum I longer than wide, bristles short and dense, punctures strong, medium sized, and deep; tergum II as wide as long or wider than long, with short bristles, weakly punctate. Male. Similar to females, except for the size, with 17 mm in total length.Material examined. 1♀, 1♂ in total. Brazil: Rondônia, 1♀, 1♂ (INPA).Distribution. Brazil: Amazonas, Rondônia; Guyana.

This paper argues that reading — traditionally understood as an indispensable condition for reflection — has undergone a structural transformation under late-capitalist, performance-oriented social conditions. Reading remains compatible with contemplative modes of life, yet mass or continuous reading frequently functions as what I call epistemic busyness: a form of production-oriented activity that occupies cognitive time and attention without delivering the temporal conditions necessary for genuine contemplation. I develop this thesis in two complementary moves. First, I position the problem within existing debates: Hannah Arendt’s distinction between vita activa and vita contemplativa, Byung‑Chul Han’s defense of contemplation (and critique of performance society), and contemporary critiques of the attention economy and information overload. Second, I conceptualize epistemic busyness by identifying three mechanisms through which reading becomes assimilated to productivity: (1) temporal compression and elimination of reflective intervals; (2) performative instrumentalization of reading as social and cultural capital; and (3) cognitive fragmentation and superficial processing. I articulate a concept of contemplative threshold — the necessary structural conditions (temporal, affective, and procedural) that enable reading to instantiate contemplation — and show how epistemic busyness systematically erodes this threshold. The paper concludes by addressing objections and sketching empirical and normative implications for educational practice, literary cultures, and political theory.

(Uploaded by Plazi for the IPBES Invasive Alien Species Assessment) No abstract provided.

Scaptochirus Milne-Edwards, 1867. Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. (Paris), 7:375.TYPE SPECIES: Scaptochirus moschatus Milne-Edwards, 1867.COMMENTS: Tribe Talpini. Included in Talpa by Corbet (1978c:36) and Corbet and Hill (1991:38). Retained a genus by Abe et al. (1991) and Gureev (1979:282).

The article explores intercultural communication as a space for the formation of moral understanding among youth in the context of globalization. Particular attention is paid to the ethical dimension of intercultural interaction, through which moral values, attitudes, and patterns of behavior are shaped. It is argued that intercultural communication among young people functions not only as a channel for information exchange but also as a moral dialogue that fosters mutual respect, tolerance, and responsibility. The study emphasizes that youth, as a socially dynamic group, play a crucial role in developing new forms of ethical interaction capable of ensuring social cohesion and intercultural harmony in contemporary societies.

Apanteles apricus Slater-Baker, Fagan-Jeffries, Fernández-Triana, Portmann & Oestmann sp. nov.Fig. 4 A (distribution), Fig. 21 (holotype)Type material.Holotype. Australia • ♀; QLD, Cainbable Quarry, OF; - 28.145, 153.113; 03–19 Feb. 2009; F. Turco leg.; Malaise trap; BOLD Process ID: AUMIC 068-18; QM: T 208356. Paratype. Australia • ♀; WA, Kalumburu; - 14.292, 126.642; 15–22 Mar. 2022; Kalumburu Remote Community School students leg.; Malaise trap; Insect Investigators; BOLD Process ID: ASMII 13755-22; WAM: 130573.Diagnostic description.Size: Total body length: 2.8 mm; fore wing length: 2.8 mm. Head: anterior scape colour moderately paler than head colour; F 2 L / W ratio: 3.2; F 14 L / W ratio: 1.9. Mesosoma: scutoscutellar sulcus with seven pits; mesoscutellar disc mostly smooth, or with very shallow scattered indentations; propodeal areola complete, or mostly so; propodeum mostly rugose; coxae colour (pro, meso, meta): dark all; metafemur colour mostly pale. Wings: centre of pterostigma pigmented to same degree as the outer edges; fore wing r vein length / 2 RS vein length ratio: 1.1. Metasoma: T 1 shape narrowing distally, T 1 medial length / anterior width between 1–2 × longer than wide; T 1 mostly rugose; T 2 mostly smooth; ovipositor sheath length / metatibia length ratio: 0.8.Apanteles apricus can be separated from other species of Apanteles in Australia with a dark metacoxa by having the metafemur uniformly pale, the ovipositor sheath 0.8–1.0 × metatibia length and hypopygium with clearly defined ventral pleats, and the propodeum with strong rugose sculpture, areola not well defined amongst strong sculpture and T 1 slightly narrowing posteriorly.Etymology.The species epithet is a Latin adjective meaning sunny and relates to the sunshine-filled places the species is currently known from, as well as its yellowish metafemur.Distribution.Apanteles apricus is currently known from two specimens collected in northern Australia, one near Brisbane and one in northeastern WA.Molecular information.Apanteles apricus is currently BIN BOLD: ADL 3302. The COI sequences are at least 6 % divergent from any of the other species treated here, or any available sequence on BOLD. The wg sequence of the holotype is ≥ 17 bp different to any other species. All molecular species delimitation methods separated Apanteles apricus as a distinct species.

Mazkur ilmiy maqolada raqamli boshqaruv sharoitida jamoatchilik nazoratini amalga oshirishning nazariy va huquqiy masalalari kompleks hamda tizimli yondashuv asosida tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot jarayonida jamoatchilik nazoratining fuqarolik jamiyati rivojidagi o‘rni, uning raqamli transformatsiyasi hamda davlat hokimiyati va boshqaruvi faoliyati ustidan samarali nazoratni ta’minlashdagi ahamiyati ochib beriladi. Shuningdek, elektron hukumat tizimi, ochiq ma’lumotlar portallari va raqamli ishtirok mexanizmlarining jamoatchilik nazoratini kuchaytirishdagi huquqiy imkoniyatlari, mavjud muammolar va ularni bartaraf etish yo‘llari ilmiy-nazariy va amaliy jihatdan asoslab beriladi.

(Uploaded by Plazi for the IPBES Invasive Alien Species Assessment) No abstract provided.

effrenata (Walker), 1861: 309 (Chaetoravinia). Type locality: “ Mexico ”. Distr.: Bahamas, Colombia (Antioquia), Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, USA, Guatemala, Jamaica, Mexico, Panama, Peru. Refs.: Lopes, 1969: 22; Pape et al., 2004: 206; Ramírez-Mora et al., 2012: 32; Yepes-Gaurisas et al., 2013: 1278.

Ushbu maqolada tortinchoqlikni bartaraf etishga qaratilgan psixologik korreksiya usullari ko’rib chiqiladi.O’smirlik davrida tortinchoqlik muammosi ijtimoiy va psixologik rivojlanishda sezilarli to’siq bo’lishi mumkin. O’smirlarning ijtimoiy faoliyatini rag’batlantirish va o’zini ifoda etish qobiliyatlarini rivojlantirishga yordam beruvchi metodlar, masalan, individual va guruh terapevtik yondashuvlar, kognitiv-bixevirial usullar va kommunikativ qobiliyatlarni oshirish strategiyalari tahlil qilinadi