Science & Mathematics

(Uploaded by Plazi for the IPBES Invasive Alien Species Assessment) No abstract provided.

These days, we can see that everyone uses artificial intelligence actively. Even big companies like Apple, Samsung, Google and itc. are using them to make using their devices more easier, because of which many students around the world are using these comforts in making their assignments. And it is causing them to become lazier and to not learn something for themselves. However, ai is very popular in getting informations and knowledges. For example, there are some situations where doctors are getting new patients who are having huge problems in their health, which even highly skilled doctors can not identify what problem they have. They will try to solve this problem by reading and searching about this problem and how they can solve it. Why do they need it, when it is making their task harder? Isn’t it easier to ask ChatGPT about it? It is even going to tell you how you can heal this illness. Yes, I agree that it is going to replace many employers in the near future, but it is not going to continue in this way and for a long time.

The forest products industry has a very important role in the development toward a sustainable biobased society. However many fungi that deteriorate the main structural components of wood such as cellulose hemicellulose and lignin are able to cause decay in standing trees leading to significant losses in forest output due to impacts on biomass production. Trametes versicolor (L.: Fr) Pilát is a fungus able to attack the trees by saprotrophic and parasitic life strategies causing white-rot of wood species a serious problem for the industry that is focused on wood and its uses. The objectives of the work were the synthesis of organotin(IV) carboxylate of a natural product (ent-kaurenoic acid) characterization of the structures and anti-fungal evaluation against T. versicolor as a contribution of new alternatives for the wood preservation. The synthesis of organotin(IV) complexes derived from the diterpene tetracyclic ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (ent-kaurenoic acid KA) gave three new complexes potentially active against T. versicolor. The complexes were characterized by FTIR and NMR spectroscopy. The biological activity was evaluated by a gel dilution method with superficialplate inoculation using 60 and 120 μg/mL concentration for the KA and the three organotin(IV) complexes. A considerably higher bioactivity was observed to the 120 μg/mL concentration and for the complex with greater molecular weight. --- Resumo --- A indústria de produtos florestais tem um papel muito importante no desenvolvimento de uma sociedade sustentável de base biológica. No entanto, muitos fungos que deterioram os principais componentes estruturais da madeira, como celulose, hemicelulose e lignina, são capazes de causar a decomposição em árvores em pé, levando a perdas significativas na produção florestal devido aos impactos na produção de biomassa. Trametes versicolor (L .: Fr) Pilát é um fungo capaz de atacar as árvores por estratégias de vida saprotróficas e parasíticas, causando podridão branca de espécies de madeira, um problema sério para a indústria que é focada na madeira e seus usos. Os objetivos do trabalho foram a síntese de carboxilato de organoestanho (IV) de um produto natural (ácido ent-caurenóico), caracterização das estruturas e avaliação antifúngica contra T. versicolor, como contribuição de novas alternativas para a preservação da madeira. A síntese de complexos organoestânicos (IV) derivados do ácido tetracíclico ent-caur-16-en-19-óico diterpênico (ácido ent-caurenoico, CA) deu três novos complexos potencialmente ativos contra T. versicolor. Os complexos foram caracterizados por espectroscopia de FTIR e RMN. A atividade biológica foi avaliada por meio de um método de diluição em gel com inoculação em placa superficial, utilizando concentrações de 60 e 120 μg/mL, para os complexos CA e três organoestânicos (IV). Uma bioatividade consideravelmente maior foi observada para a concentração de 120 μg/mL e para o complexo com maior peso molecular.

(Uploaded by Plazi for the IPBES Invasive Alien Species Assessment) Globalization necessitates that we address the negative externalities of international trade and transport, including biological invasion. The US government defines invasive species to mean, "with regard to a particular ecosystem, a non-native organism whose introduction causes, or is likely to cause, economic or environmental harm, or harm to human, animal, or plant health." Here we address the role of early detection of and rapid response to invasive species (EDRR) in minimizing the impact of invasive species on US interests. We provide a review of EDRR's usage as a federal policy and planning term, introduce a new conceptual framework for EDRR, and assess US federal capacities for enacting well-coordinated EDRR. Developing a national EDRR program is a worthwhile goal; our assessment nonetheless indicates that the federal government and its partners need to overcome substantial conceptual, institutional, and operational challenges that include establishing clear and consistent terminology use, strategically identifying and communicating agency functions, improving interagency budgeting, facilitating the application of emerging technologies and other resources to support EDRR, and making information relevant to EDRR preparedness and implementation more readily accessible. This paper is the first in a special issue of Biological Invasions that includes 12 complementary papers intended to inform the development and implementation of a national EDRR program. © 2019, The Author(s).

intesi del rapporto TA-SWISS «Il veicolo in rete.Telematica dei trasporti su strada e ferrovia»

Бронхиальная астма (БА) традиционно рассматривается как хроническое воспалительное заболевание дыхательных путей. Однако за последние десятилетия понимание ее патоморфологии эволюционировало от концепции чисто обратимого воспаления к комплексной модели необратимого структурного ремоделирования бронхиальной стенки. Данный обзор систематизирует современные представления о ключевых патоморфологических изменениях при БА, их клеточных и молекулярных медиаторах, взаимосвязи с клиническими фенотипами и тяжестью течения, а также о методах гистопатологической оценки. Особое внимание уделяется нейтрофильному фенотипу, тяжелой астме и роли ремоделирования в формировании фиксированной обструкции дыхательных путей.

Ushbu maqolada baxt tushunchasining falsafiy talqini, uning mohiyati va tarixiy shakllanish bosqichlari keng qamrovda o‘rganiladi. Sharq mutafakkirlari — Forobiy, Navoiy, Yassaviy asarlarida baxtning mazmuni ma’naviy soflik, ruhiy komillik, axloqiy yetuklik bilan bog‘liq holda tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, zamonaviy o‘zbek falsafasida baxtning ontologik, aksiologik va etik talqinlari ilmiy manbalar asosida yoritiladi. Tadqiqot o‘zbek elektron kutubxonalari va mahalliy ilmiy adabiyotlar asosida tayyorlandi.

(Uploaded by Plazi for the IPBES Invasive Alien Species Assessment) No abstract provided.

(Uploaded by Plazi for the IPBES Invasive Alien Species Assessment) No abstract provided.

Computer security has become a major problem in our society. In particular, computer network security is concerned with preventing the intrusion of an unauthorized person into a network of computers. An intrusion detection system (IDS) is a tool to monitor the network traffic and users’ activity with the aim of distinguishing between hostile and non-hostile traffic. Snort is an IDS available under GPL, which allows pattern search. This paper presents a new anomaly pre-processor that extends the functionality of Snort IDS, making it a hybrid IDS.

Klimakterik davrda estrogen darajasining pasayishi arterial gipertoniya va yurak ritmi buzilishlari xavfini oshiradi (1). Arterial gipertoniya postmenopauzal ayollarda atrial fibrillyatsiyaning eng muhim modifikatsiyalanuvchi xavf omillaridan biri hisoblanadi(2). Erta menopauza, metabolik sindrom va psixo-emosional stress aritmiya rivojlanish ehtimolini yanada kuchaytiradi(3).

Mazkur maqolada globallashuv sharoitida mintaqa iqtisodiyotining barqaror rivojlanishini ta’minlashdainvestitsiyalarning o‘rni hamda ularni optimal tartibga solish masalalari tadqiq etilgan. Surxondaryo viloyati misolida yalpihududiy mahsulot hajmi, tarmoqlar tarkibi va hududlar kesimidagi iqtisodiy nomutanosibliklar iqtisodiy-statistik usullarasosida tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot natijalariga ko‘ra, viloyat iqtisodiyotining agrar yo‘nalishga yuqori darajada ixtisoslashganianiqlangan. Shuningdek, sanoat va xizmatlar sohalarini rivojlantirishda investitsiyalarni hududlar bo‘yicha maqbultaqsimlashga doir ilmiy asoslangan xulosalar va amaliy tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan.

This study explores the development and implementation of a retrievalaugmented generation (RAG) system using the large language model (LLM) to enhance the learning of hadith through a chat interface for high school students. This study addresses challenges in optimizing RAG configurations and problems associated with traditional educational methods that lack interactivity. In addition, the RAG system was designed to replace real teacher interactions, offering a chat feature that provides contextual answers to real-life scenarios related to Hadith. Various configurations were tested, with a focus on the Matn component, achieving a high accuracy score with a mean of .754 and demonstrating efficiency in context relevance with a mean of .797. Results indicated significant accessibility using our RAG system for learning hadith via WhatsApp’s chat interface. Hence, this study highlights the potential of RAG systems in transforming educational environments and offers insights into the development of technology for interactive Hadith learning solutions.