Education & Pedagogy

This review of special education in Bangladesh describes the prevalence of major disabilities and government and nongovernment programs for children with various types of disabilities. The paper concludes that most special education is supported by nongovernment organizations and that implementation has been restricted by economic constraints. (JDD)

Reviews Tozer's position paper on the social foundations of education (SFE), examining how accepting the qualifier "social" could affect the discipline. The paper discusses SFE's journey toward self-definition, clarification of SFE's multiple meanings, SFE's distinctive contribution to teacher education, and proposed content and process study to bring about teacher competencies. (SM)

Describes efforts to reform K-4 mathematics instruction in Kentucky. Discusses the establishment of collaborative groups within Kentucky's mathematics education community, the Kentucky Education Reform Act of 1990, and reform efforts in the areas of assessment, curriculum, professional development for teachers, preservice teacher education, and public beliefs and attitudes. (MDH)

Traces the roots of the concepts of the humanities and liberal arts education to the ancient Greeks, describing how their customs, language, philosophy, and literature have contributed to current concepts of education. Suggests that the Greek idea of education stressed the arts and mathematics but was opposed to all professionalism. (MAB)

States that professional journalism education in America's colleges and universities was well established by the 1940s. Describes the developmental history of journalism education programs, including the origins of several professional organizations dedicated to journalism education. Details first research methods and teaching standards. Concludes that journalism education has undergone massive changes and will continue to do so. (PA)

Questionnaires, interviews, and nonformal education workshops involved 200 female participants in 4 Caribbean and 4 South Pacific countries. Women had opportunities to participate in education and training, and programs contributed to their personal and political empowerment. However, there was a tendency to offer programs as isolated events and follow-up and reflection were lacking. (SK)

Identifies problems occurring in the Guangzhou (China) compulsory-education program (poor primary-education quality, administrator shortages, poorly trained teachers, insufficient education revenues, and high teacher turnover) and suggests solutions. Presents a situation analysis to determine how the education system works in practice. Promotes ameliorative evaluation concepts and practices. (MLH)

Discusses young adolescents' perceptions of nature in the context of urban environmental education. The role of nature experiences in environmental education, the concept of nature from a historical perspective, students' perceptions and experiences of nature and their implications for environmental education are also discussed. (LZ)

This article uses six texts (from Thomas Jefferson, the United States Supreme Court, the Morrill Act of 1862, the penny coin, John Kemeny, and H.G. Wells) to stress the importance of liberal education in creating individuals who think critically. The texts address liberal education in relation to economic development, diversity, rapid change, and social criticism. (DB)

Discusses promising strategies for urban schools and the development of a broad-based national policy supporting education for work. The author also presents a conceptual framework to help guide curriculum integration, coordinate school- and work-based learning, and provide more continuous pathways from secondary to postsecondary opportunities. (GR)

Institutional, program, and student evaluation should focus on increasing the effectiveness of academic programs and improving student learning and performance. All higher education regional accrediting associations have requested more emphasis on assessment. The paper examines accreditation, approaches to assessment, and use of the Role Delineation Project Curriculum Framework in assessment. (SM)

Reports on a study of the mathematical needs of engineering apprentices in the United Kingdom. Finds that mathematical skills learned in general education programs do not meet requirements of the engineering profession. Recommends changes in mathematics education. (CFR)

Provides suggestions for a literature-based approach when integrating Native American culture into the middle school curriculum. Recommends resources in the following subjects: language arts, mathematics, physical education, health, home and career skills, technology, art, music, and second language. (AEF)

The authors of this article call for increasing racial and cultural diversity among those setting the agendas of environmental education. Seven misconceptions in environmental education that impede the participation of people of color are discussed. Concludes with a list of questions educators can use to evaluate their own programs. (LZ)

Describes efforts in Japan since the 1960s to institutionalize lifelong education. Reviews new strategies, such as the role of private enterprise in providing education in urban areas. Outlines the formation and results of recent literacy programs, highlighting problems caused by international policy. (12 citations) (MAB)