Education & Pedagogy

A survey of 1,139 Virginia family practitioners and internal medicine specialists investigated interest in pursuing geriatric education, including such factors as preferred form of education, preferred topics, intent to take the geriatric medicine qualifying examination, geriatric care provided, home visits, prior participation in geriatrics continuing education, attitudes toward Medicare, and current geriatric knowledge. (Author/MSE)

Research on teacher education lacks a tradition of studying the content and instruction within exemplary professional courses. This article explains how a subject-specific methods course addressed prospective teachers' apprenticeships of observation using modeling and overcorrection. The course helped students acquire a technical language and professional knowledge concerning English teaching. (SM)

The history of Spelman Seminary (Georgia) for African-American females is reviewed as an example of education as an instrument of socialization for southern women to their prescribed roles. The discussion covers the missionary role, Georgia in the 1880s, the institutional mission, school founding, debate over classical versus industrial roles of education, the curriculum, and faculty. (DB)

During the 1980s, Latin America saw increased national debt levels and disproportionate reductions in public educational expenditures. Significant changes in the distribution of education budgets were neither equitable nor efficient. Needed reforms are unlikely, given the nature of political decision making. Contains 55 references and data on 20 countries. (SV)

This article introduces four papers addressing problems of higher education in Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, and Yugoslavia. Issues identified include overcoming the Communist heritage, the separation of teaching and research, low student numbers, appropriate diversification of higher education, increasing access, the role of the state, and higher education and the economy. (DB)

Examines business/education partnerships formed to bring about science and mathematics education improvements for Black students, focusing on needs such partnerships meet for both business and schools, and on factors affecting their potential for success. The Urban Schools Science and Math Program is studied as an example of such partnerships. (AF)

Discusses the Holmes Group's recommendation to abolish undergraduate degrees in education and require liberal arts majors for teachers and examines ways to teach students subject matter so they see connections between the disciplines, between the subject matter and the world, and between their lives and the subject matter. (SM)

Examines empowerment as an art education goal from a feminist perspective. Challenges Elliot Eisner's cultural capital theory, arguing that it disempowers students by homogenizing culture. Identifies three goals by which a feminist conception of art education celebrates cultural diversity and empowers students with personal autonomy and critical thinking skills. (KM)

Traces major directions of feminist inquiry in the disciplines of art history, art criticism, and aesthetics. Explores how first- and second-generation feminist scholars have challenged the canon of each discipline and the understanding of art traditionally produced. Draws implications for art education in curriculum development and teacher preparation. (KM)

Contends that the technological mentality will lead to greater emphasis on technique, defined as using technological methods in nonmechanical or nonmachine context. Argues that greater focus on technique implies many dangers including placing form over content and a loss of spirituality. Analyzes technique from several perspectives and the implications for teaching and learning the arts. (DB)

Discussed is whether, and to what extent, science teachers critically and spontaneously attend to the logical structure of situations, and whether they need prompting, or completely fail to do so. The relationship between the results of this study and science teachers' pre- and in-service education is discussed. (Author/KR)

Twenty-nine special education and 26 regular education principals in Australian schools were surveyed regarding effectiveness of their jointly run integration programs for students with intellectual handicaps. Results found positive attitudes among both groups about types and amounts of integration in their programs and levels of cooperation between regular and special education personnel. (Author/PB)

Uses data on a large sample of secondary technical and vocational schools in Shanghai, China, to fit cost functions and evaluate the importance of economies of scale. The sample also included workers and general schools. The statistical analysis, limited to recurrent expenditure, unearthed economies of scale, particularly for technical and vocational education. (five references) (MLH)

Educators are recognizing the importance of diverse out-of-school agencies and institutions in developing human resources and the close association between economic development and a multiplication of vocational specializations. This paper compares informal vocational education in developing countries with that of industrialized countries, focusing on apprenticeships and on-the-job training. (73 references) (MLH)

Outlines global social problems that educational systems will face in the foreseeable future. Focuses on developmental priorities of Soviet education, emphasizing the importance of educating students to meet social production needs while fostering individual development. Imagines features of the school of the twenty-first century, stressing the influence of technological change. (CH)