Education & Pedagogy

Outlines the future development of Chinese higher education institutions. Argues that institutions contribute to modernization by evolving new technologies and producing qualified personnel dedicated to "socialist modernization." Recommends long-term planning, incorporating technology, more accessibility, staff-development education, and integration of teaching, research, and production. (NL)

Delineates the foundations of Dmitri Kabalevskii's music curriculum for general education in the Soviet Union. Stresses teaching music as part of life itself. Bases teaching principles and methods on the song, dance, and march, termed "The Three Whales." Offers extensive lesson plans focusing on first grade music activities. (CH)

Examines why art and design educators resist the modularization of degree-level courses. Identifies key characteristics of art education in England through an ethnographic study. Discusses government policy and rationales for modular and integrated courses. Concludes that the holistic approach to education allows students to expound and develop challenging viewpoints. (KM)

Presents an art education model based on Elliot Eisner's three-domain model, emphasizing students' concept ownership and skill development. Criticizes late-modernism influenced practices, arguing creativity can be achieved only through tradition. Diagrams relationships between what art students learn in college and how they later teach. (KM)

The development of special education in Pakistan since 1947 is outlined. The relevance to Pakistan of Western-style education is questioned as is the possibility of providing services to the majority of children with special needs in the foreseeable future. Some alternative measures such as providing information services to basic health workers and primary school teachers are mentioned. (DB)

Researchers videotaped behaviors of student teachers teaching physical education classes to determine sexist behavior in teacher/student interaction and student performance; student teacher linguistic patterns; and classroom management. Overall, teachers consistently interacted with male students differently and more frequently than with females in a climate of male dominance and female subordination. (SM)

Traces the historical development of technical literacy through the establishment of technical institutes in the United States. Relates the development of technical learning to the emerging industrial economy. Explains that instruction required literacy and fundamental mathematical skills. Notes scientific literacy was popularized by magazines whereas education reformers called for teaching science and geometry. (NL)

Explores how women art students were educated and viewed in England between 1890-1910. Compares and contrasts some current feminist histories of art education with the research findings to determine whether they reflected the social and economic environment presented in the Victorian periodical press. (KM)

Targets key areas in need of reform in the Soviet educational system: (1) career guidance for students in line with social production needs; (2) greater parent-teacher cooperation; (3) student self-government and decision-making power in schools; and (4) creative teaching methods. Notes how bureaucratic resistance to change has hampered reform efforts. (CH)

Delphi technique was used to achieve consensus from 65 secondary agricultural teachers in southern states as follows: (1) critical educational needs for adult agricultural education were farm management and financing; (2) the major obstacle was insufficient time; and (3) inadequate resources, lack of rewards, and insufficient administrator support also hampered adult agricultural education. (SK)

Attention to the discrepancy between female progress and male declines among Blacks in higher education detracts from the larger issue of the effects of racism on all Blacks' educational opportunities. Argues for an Afrocentric perspective on the crisis in higher education. Calls for analysis of sex-related achievement differences among Blacks. (AF)

Criticizes primacy of the Eurocentric world view in social studies education. Argues that demographic realities demand that students understand and respect disparate, pluralistic values. Recommends curricular emphases and classroom methods for fostering analysis, clarification, and integration of differing ideologies. Contends that social studies education should help students resolve value conflicts and practice tolerance. (NL)

Describes Indiana University's Teacher as Decision Maker Program, a graduate-level teacher education program offering middle/secondary school certification plus a master's degree. It serves individuals making career changes and is based on research in teacher education. Its theoretical framework integrates pedagogical schemata, professional knowledge, thematic teacher education, and teaching perspectives. (SM)

Explores present educational needs for implementing a democratic society in Poland. Challenges education to identify the tasks and values of democratic education. Contends that education formerly confirmed the role of socialism and Communist ideology. Argues that the current thrust is the ideal of a participatory society. Lists skills necessary to raise global European awareness and limit nationalist tendencies. (NL)

The required changes in the way science is taught so that a science/technology/society educational system can be implemented are described. The topics of computers, telecommunications, student projects, science museums, science textbooks, teacher training, cooperation from school leadership, rural science education, business and industry, and policy issues are discussed. (KR)