Science & Mathematics

A transformação digital tem se consolidado como um eixo central de modernização da administração pública brasileira. Este artigo analisa avanços, desafios e perspectivas relacionados à digitalização dos serviços públicos, com foco em governança digital, inovação, cultura organizacional e participação cidadã. A partir de revisão bibliográfica e documental, examinam-se políticas como o Gov.br e a Estratégia de Governo Digital (EGD). Os resultados evidenciam que, embora o Brasil apresente progressos relevantes, persistem obstáculos estruturais, como desigualdade de acesso à tecnologia, falta de interoperabilidade entre sistemas e lacunas na capacitação dos servidores. Conclui-se que a transformação digital exige ação contínua e integrada, orientada por políticas robustas de inclusão tecnológica e modernização institucional.

Ushbu maqolada affin koordinatalar sistemasida bajariladigan almashtirishlar va ular yordamida ikkinchi tartibli chiziqlar tenglamalarni soddalashtirish usullari o‘rganilgan. Tadqiqotda koordinatalarni siljitish, o‘qlarni burish va yangi koordinata sistemasiga o‘tish orqali kvadratik shakllarni soddalashtirishning nazariy asoslari yoritilgan. Shuningdek, affin almashtirishlar yordamida umumiy ko‘rinishdagi ikkinchi tartibli tenglama – Ax² + Bxy + Cy² + Dx + Ey + F = 0 ni soddalashtirib, uni elliptik, giperbolik va parabolik egri chiziqlar ko‘rinishiga keltirish yo‘llari ko‘rsatib berilgan. Mazkur yondashuv koordinatalar geometriyasida, analitik geometriyada hamda amaliy hisoblashlarda muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi.

(Uploaded by Plazi for the IPBES Invasive Alien Species Assessment) Forty years ago, ecological restoration was conceptualized through a natural science lens. Today, ecological restoration has evolved into a social and scientific concept. The duality of ecological restoration is acknowledged in guidance documents on the subject but is not apparent in its definition. Current definitions reflect our views about what ecological restoration does but not why we do it. This viewpoint does not give appropriate credit to contributions from social sciences, nor does it provide compelling goals for people with different motivating rationales to engage in or support restoration. In this study, I give a concise history of the conceptualization and definition of ecological restoration, and I propose an alternative definition and corresponding viewpoint on restoration goal-setting to meet twenty-first century scientific and public inquiry.

Different cytokines are believed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Some of them may serve as the prognostic markers for the disease severity the eye lesion and the effectiveness of therapy in JIA patients. To evaluate the serum concentration of TNFα IL1β IL6 and IL10 their spontaneous and mitogen-induced production levels in the whole blood cell culture of JIA patients and to correlate these indicators with the disease features and with the effectiveness of methotrexate therapy. Twentyeight Russian patients with JIA naive for disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs were enrolled in the study. The serum levels of cytokines (TNFα IL1β IL6 and IL10); the levels of their spontaneous and mitogen-induced production in the whole blood cell culture were studied by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. The serum levels and spontaneous production levels of TNFα IL1β IL10 were low in JIA patients. The levels of TNFα IL1β IL6 IL10 in mitogen-induced production were significantly higher than those in spontaneous production (pcor<0,05). The association of some clinical features (disease duration uveitis elevated ESR hyperimmunoglobulinemia M with the cytokines (TNFα IL6 and IL10) levels was established in JIA. The most promising is the association between the uveitis in JIA patients and an increase of spontaneous IL6 production (pcor=0,004) as well as a decrease of mitogen-induced TNFα production (pcor=0,029) in the whole blood cell culture. Statistically significant associations with a response to methotrexate therapy and disease severity in JIA patients were not observed. As a result of studying levels of cytokines (TNFα IL1β IL6 and IL10) in JIA patients the relationship of TNFα IL6 and IL10 was established with the number of clinical manifestations of the disease. If confirmed in larger samples the study of the spontaneous IL6 production in the whole blood cell culture might be used for the early diagnosis of the uveitis in JIA patients. --- Resumo --- Acredita-se que diferentes citocinas desempenham um papel importante na patogênese da artrite idiopática juvenil (AIJ). Alguns deles podem servir como marcadores prognósticos para a gravidade da doença, a lesão ocular e a eficácia da terapia em pacientes com AIJ. Avaliar a concentração sérica de TNFα, IL1β, IL6 e IL10, seus níveis de produção espontânea e induzida por mitógenos na cultura de células sanguíneas totais de pacientes com AIJ e correlacionar esses indicadores com as características da doença e com a eficácia da terapia com metotrexato. Vinte e oito pacientes russos com AIJ, sem exposição prévia para drogas antirreumáticas modificadoras da doença, foram incluídos no estudo. Os níveis séricos de citocinas (TNFα, IL1β, IL6 e IL10); os níveis de sua produção espontânea e induzida por mitógeno na cultura de células sanguíneas completas foram estudados por imunoensaio enzimático em fase sólida. Os níveis séricos e os níveis de produção espontânea de TNFα, IL1β, IL10 foram baixos em pacientes com AIJ. Os níveis de TNFα, IL1β, IL6, IL10 na produção induzida por mitógeno foram significativamente maiores do que aqueles na produção espontânea (pcor <0,05). A associação de algumas características clínicas (duração da doença, uveíte, VHS elevada, hiperimunoglobulinemia M com os níveis de citocinas (TNFα, IL6 e IL10) foi estabelecida na AIJ. O mais promissor é a associação entre a uveíte em pacientes com AIJ e um aumento na produção espontânea de IL6 (pcor = 0,004), bem como uma diminuição na produção de TNFα induzida por mitógeno (pcor = 0,029) na cultura de células sanguíneas completas. Associações estatisticamente significativas com uma resposta à terapia com metotrexato e gravidade da doença em pacientes com AIJ não foram observadas. Como resultado do estudo dos níveis de citocinas (TNFα, IL1β, IL6 e IL10) em pacientes com AIJ, a relação de TNFα, IL6 e IL10 foi estabelecida com o número de manifestações clínicas da doença. Se confirmado em amostras maiores, o estudo da produção espontânea de IL6 na cultura de células sanguíneas completas pode ser usado para o diagnóstico precoce da uveíte em pacientes com AIJ..

Transmission ratio distortion (TRD) is defined as the observed deviation from the expected Mendelian inheritance of alleles from heterozygous parents. This phenomenon is attributed to various biological mechanisms acting on germ cells, embryos or fetuses, or even in early postnatal life. Current statistical approaches typically use two independent parametrizations assuming that TRD relies on allele- or genotype-related mechanisms, although they have never been tested and compared. This study compared allele- and genotype-related TRD models on simulated datasets with 1000 genotyped offspring and real data from 168sire–dam–offspring beef cattle trios. The analysis of simulated datasets favored the true model of analysis in most cases (>93%), and a low percentage of missidentification occurred under (almost) null dominance (genotype-related model) or similar and moderate-to-low sire- and dam-specific TRD parameters (allele-related model). Moreover, the correlation between simulated and predicted distortion parameters was high (>0.97) under the true model. The comparison of allele- and genotype-related TRD models is an appealing tool to infer the biological source of TRD (i.e. haploid vs. diploid cells) when screening the whole genome. The analysis of beef cattle data corroborated a TRD region previously reported in chromosome 4, although discarding allele-related mechanisms and favoring the genotype-related model as the more reliable one. The results of this study highlight the relevance of implementing and comparing different parametrizations to capture all kinds of TRD, and to compare them using appropriate statistical methods.

Открытое овальное окно (ООО) является одной из наиболее распространённых врождённых аномалий межпредсердной перегородки и встречается у 20–25 % взрослого населения. В большинстве случаев ООО протекает бессимптомно, однако в ряде клинических ситуаций оно приобретает значимое патофизиологическое и прогностическое значение, ассоциируясь с криптогенным ишемическим инсультом, парадоксальной эмболией, мигренью с аурой и синдромом платипноэ–ортодоксии. За последние два десятилетия произошёл существенный прогресс в понимании анатомических вариантов ООО, механизмов шунтирования и факторов риска тромбоэмболических осложнений, а также в развитии малоинвазивных методов лечения, прежде всего транскатетерного закрытия дефекта.

Ichki ishlar organlari tizimida amalga oshirilayotgan islohotlar zamirida, avvalo, inson omili, ya’ni kadrlar masalasi ustuvor ahamiyat kasb etayotgani bilan xarakterlanadi. Jamoat xavfsizligini ta’minlash, huquq-tartibotni mustahkamlash, fuqarolarning qonuniy huquq va manfaatlarini himoya qilish bevosita ichki ishlar organlari xodimlarining kasbiy salohiyati, ma’naviy-axloqiy qiyofasi hamda xizmat intizomiga bog‘liq ekani ilmiy va amaliy jihatdan e’tirof etilgan. Shu bois, ichki ishlar organlarini kadrlar bilan ta’minlash masalasi davlat siyosatining ustuvor yo‘nalishlaridan biri sifatida qaralmoqda [1].

Tadqiqotda rus, ingliz va qoraqalpoq tillaridagi rang komponentli frazeologizmlar ko‘rib chiqiladi. Asarning ahamiyati turli til oilalariga mansub tillarni qiyosiy tadqiq qilish va etnik guruhlarning madaniy o‘ziga xosligini eng yorqin ifodalovchi xususiyatlar bo‘lgan frazeologizmlarni tahlil qilishga bog‘liq. Frazeologik birliklarni chuqur tahlil qilish fanning o‘ziga xosligini ko‘rsatadi. Tadqiqotda frazeologik ekvivalentlik muammosini tahlil qilish uning nazariy ahamiyatini oshirishga xizmat qiladi. Tadqiqotning ikkita asosiy usuli - leksikografik tahlil usuli va qiyosiy yondashuv.

This text examines the social life of Uzbekistan, recent reforms, and the development of cultural and sports spheres. The growth of cinema, theatre, museums, and other cultural institutions contributes to raising the cultural level of society. Additionally, achievements in sports and the contributions of outstanding athletes play a significant role in developing Uzbekistan’s sports and promoting it internationally. The text analyzes recent social reforms, cultural events, and sports accomplishments, as well as their impact on social life. This topic provides essential insight into Uzbekistan’s cultural and sports potential.

Phanerotomella longa Ji & Chen, 2003Figs 43–44Phanerotomella longa Ji & Chen, 2003: 180, 189–191, 229, 254.DiagnosisSecond submarginal cell distinctly petiolate, at least 0.5 × as long as vein r (Fig. 44G); mesopleuron and mesoscutum medial-posteriorly irregularly and coarsely rugose (Fig. 44I–J); hind femur dark brown (Fig. 44F); basal half of antenna yellow and remainder brown (Fig. 44E).Material examined (1 ♀)CHINA – Guangdong • 1 ♀; Nanling; 16–21 Jul. 2008; Z.F. Xu leg.; ZJUH No. 200807912.HostUnknown.DistributionChina (Fujian, Guangdong).RemarksThe holotype from Fujian (Wuyi Mt.) was not available for study. Our interpretation is based on the original description and one additional Chinese specimen listed above. This female agrees with the description of P. longa.

Exhibition catalogue.

Introduction. The relevance of this research stems from the sharp increase in global instability and the shifting balance of power, which compel the European Union (EU) to reconsider its security strategies. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the EU’s military-strategic transformation in the context of its rearmament plans by 2030 and to assess the potential implications for international relations, particularly given the escalation of tensions with Russia, the United States, and the growing influence of China. Materials and Methods. The study employs systemic analysis, comparative methodology, and expert assessments. The research is based on open-source materials, official EU documents (such as the White Paper on European Defence, the “Readiness 2030” Rearmament Plan, and the EU Internal Security Strategy), as well as analytical reports from leading Russian and international scholars. This methodolog­ical approach enabled the identification of key trends and constraints affecting the implementation of EU defense initiatives. Results. The research reveals that the EU faces significant challenges, including limited resources, depen­dence on US technologies, internal economic disparities, and a lack of consensus on critical issues such as the formation of European nuclear forces. The analysis indicates that achieving the stated objectives by 2030 is questionable, and that current strategic initiatives require additional coordination and funding. Special attention is given to the risks posed to Russia and the broader implications for global stability Discussion and Conclusion. The article concludes that the EU’s rearmament is not only a response to external threats but also an attempt to adapt to internal challenges. The practical significance of the study lies in providing an analytical foundation for forecasting the development of European defense policy and for devising response strategies for national and international actors. Future research should focus on the EU’s interactions with global powers (the US, China) and on assessing the impact of new initiatives on the architecture of international security. The study’s limitations include insufficient transparency of mili­tary budget data and uncertainty regarding political decision-making within the EU.

A non-stationary plane problem of the dynamics of thin elastic shell in the form of parabolic cylinder immersed in the fluid under the impact of the plane oblique pressure wave is considered. To solve this problem a system of equations in the related formulation is constructed. Herewith the hydroelasticity problems are reduced to the equations of the shell dynamics the damping effect of fluid is taken into account by introducing an integral convolution type operator in the time domain which in the first approximation allows for accounting the capillary porosity of the shell material. The operator core is a surface transition function of the auxiliary problem of the plane acoustic pressure wave diffraction on a convex surface. The problem is solved approximately based on the thin layer hypothesis. The integral and differential equations of shell motion are solved numerically based on the difference discretization of differential operators and the representation of the integral operator by sum using the trapezium rule. --- Resumo --- Um problema de plano não estacionário da dinâmica do invólucro elástico fino na forma de cilindro parabólico imerso no fluido sob o impacto da onda de pressão oblíqua plana é considerado. Para resolver este problema, é construído um sistema de equações na formulação relacionada. Com isto, os problemas de hidroelasticidade são reduzidos às equações da dinâmica da casca, o efeito de amortecimento do fluido é levado em conta pela introdução de um operador tipo convolução integral no domínio do tempo que na primeira aproximação permite contabilizar a porosidade capilar do material da casca. O núcleo do operador é uma função de transição de superfície do problema auxiliar da difração da onda de pressão acústica do plano em uma superfície convexa. O problema é resolvido aproximadamente com base na hipótese da camada fina. As equações integral e diferencial do movimento da casca são resolvidas numericamente com base na discretização de diferenças dos operadores diferenciais e na representação do operador integral pela soma usando a regra do trapézio.

Ushbu maqolada bugungi kun talablari va raqamli texnologiyalar asrining ustuvor yo‘nalishlaridan kelibchiqqan holda, raqamli texnologiyalarning jamiyat hayotida tobora muhim ahamiyat kasb etib borayotgani asoslabberilgan. Zamon bilan hamnafas bo‘lgan, kasbiy jihatdan yetuk hamda pedagogik muloqot madaniyatiga ega bo‘lajakmaktabgacha ta’lim tarbiyachilarini tayyorlashda raqamli texnologiyalardan samarali foydalanish masalalari yoritilgan.Maqolada bo‘lajak tarbiyachilarning pedagogik muloqot madaniyatini rivojlantirishga qaratilgan metodlar va amaliy tavsiyalarkeltirilgan. Shuningdek, jadal sur’atlarda rivojlanayotgan bugungi sharoitda raqamli texnologiyalarning ta’lim tizimidagiahamiyati nihoyatda muhim ekanligi ilmiy asosda ko‘rsatib o‘tilgan