Science & Mathematics

(Uploaded by Plazi for the IPBES Invasive Alien Species Assessment) Significance The livestock sector contributes significantly to global warming through greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. At the same time, livestock is an invaluable source of nutrition and livelihood for millions of poor people. Therefore, climate mitigation policies involving livestock must be designed with extreme care. Here we demonstrate the large mitigation potential inherent in the heterogeneity of livestock production systems. We find that even within existing systems, autonomous transitions from extensive to more productive systems would decrease GHG emissions and improve food availability. Most effective climate policies involving livestock would be those targeting emissions from land-use change. To minimize the economic and social cost, policies should target emissions at their source—on the supply side—rather than on the demand side. , Livestock are responsible for 12% of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Sustainable intensification of livestock production systems might become a key climate mitigation technology. However, livestock production systems vary substantially, making the implementation of climate mitigation policies a formidable challenge. Here, we provide results from an economic model using a detailed and high-resolution representation of livestock production systems. We project that by 2030 autonomous transitions toward more efficient systems would decrease emissions by 736 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per year (MtCO 2 e⋅y −1 ), mainly through avoided emissions from the conversion of 162 Mha of natural land. A moderate mitigation policy targeting emissions from both the agricultural and land-use change sectors with a carbon price of US$10 per tCO 2 e could lead to an abatement of 3,223 MtCO 2 e⋅y −1 . Livestock system transitions would contribute 21% of the total abatement, intra- and interregional relocation of livestock production another 40%, and all other mechanisms would add 39%. A comparable abatement of 3,068 MtCO 2 e⋅y −1 could be achieved also with a policy targeting only emissions from land-use change. Stringent climate policies might lead to reductions in food availability of up to 200 kcal per capita per day globally. We find that mitigation policies targeting emissions from land-use change are 5 to 10 times more efficient—measured in "total abatement calorie cost"—than policies targeting emissions from livestock only. Thus, fostering transitions toward more productive livestock production systems in combination with climate policies targeting the land-use change appears to be the most efficient lever to deliver desirable climate and food availability outcomes.

(Uploaded by Plazi for the IPBES Invasive Alien Species Assessment) Fisheries-dependent Sami communities in the Norwegian Arctic face major challenges adapting and responding to socialecological changes. On a local scale, communities and households continually adapt and respond to interacting changes in natural conditions and governance frameworks. Degradation of the marine environment and decline in coastal settlements can move socialecological systems beyond critical thresholds or tipping points, where the system irreversibly enters a different state. We examined the recent social-ecological history of 2 fjords in Finnmark, North Norway, which have coped, over the past 30 years, with the collapse of local fish stocks, harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus) and red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) invasions, and increasingly restrictive resource management regimes. Further, we explored similarities and differences in their social-ecological histories and discuss how the concepts of resilience and tipping points can be applied as analytical tools in empirical studies of community response to socialecological change. We show that although the ecological changes in the 2 communities have consisted of similar developments, they have been temporally different in ways that may have affected coping strategies and influenced the available options at different times. The apparent resilience of Sami fishing communities can be understood as the result of response strategies employed by communities and households, and the economic opportunities that have opened up as a result of a combination of ecological change and institutional and political reforms.

Ushbu maqola ginekologik xirurgiya sharoitida ayol reproduktiv tizimining neyrogumoral regulatsiyasi va adaptatsion fiziologik javoblarini ilmiy asosda tahlil qilishga bag‘ishlangan. Ayol organizmining reproduktiv tizimi markaziy va periferik nerv tizimi hamda endokrin bezlar o‘rtasidagi murakkab neyrogumoral o‘zaro ta’sir orqali boshqariladi. Jarrohlik aralashuvlari ushbu muvozanatga sezilarli ta’sir ko‘rsatib, gormonal fon, vegetativ nerv tizimi va stressga javob mexanizmlarining qayta moslashuvini talab qiladi. Gipotalamo-gipofizar-tuxumdon o‘qi, stress gormonlari, yallig‘lanish mediatorlari va immun javoblarning ginekologik operatsiyalardan keyingi adaptatsion jarayonlardagi o‘rni yoritilgan. Shuningdek, jarrohlikdan keyingi asoratlarni kamaytirish va reproduktiv salomatlikni saqlashda neyrogumoral mexanizmlarni hisobga olishning klinik ahamiyati ko‘rib chiqiladi. Tadqiqot natijalari ginekologik xirurgiyada individual yondashuvni takomillashtirish va bemorlarning fiziologik tiklanishini optimallashtirish uchun muhim nazariy va amaliy ahamiyatga ega.

The Philippines is among the developing countries in the world which significantly affected by the technological advancement brought about by the fourth industrial revolution (4IR). Advancing the country’s manpower in the modern world requires preparedness for technological advancements. Thus, this study proposes a model in the context of basic education to better equip learners with modern approaches to education. The use of quantitative research design and factor analyses (both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA)) was carried out. A total of 550 teachers participated in the study, with 250 in EFA and 300 in CFA. The used of data reduction technique in EFA and model fit indices measures in CFA were used in the analyses. The results revealed three crucial dimensions in advancing education in the 4IR, these are: i) protection using cybersecurity; ii) use of simulation in teaching; and iii) school data management and analytics. Based on these findings, a model in basic education was developed to boost the Davao Region, Philippines’ preparedness to embrace technological advancement in the modern world. Moreover, the findings of this study can also serve as baseline data for other countries with similar profiles to the Philippines on how to approach education in 4IR.

O trabalho com temas transversais é uma opção para facilitar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de Química. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar como a temática do biodiesel está sendo tratada nas aulas de Química do ensino médio e sua presença nos livros didáticos adotados pelos professores. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa com professores de Química das três séries do ensino médio de cinco escolas da rede estadual de Campina Grande – PB que responderam a um questionário com perguntas abertas para coleta de dados. Os livros didáticos utilizados pelos professores foram os dos autores Geraldo Camargo> face=, >(1997),> Usberco e Salvador (2006), Sardella (2004) e Feltre (2005), sendo este último o de maior aceitação e o único que faz parte do programa do governo federal de livros didáticos de Química para o ensino médio. Quanto à presença da temática do biodiesel no livro didático adotado, alguns professores, ao serem questionados, não tinham segurança em sua resposta ou nem sabiam responder, o que indica que alguns conhecem pouco o livro que utilizam. A maioria dos professores alegou falta de tempo para abordar o tema e percebeu-se que muitos seguem à risca o livro adotado. Logo, se o livro não aborda o conteúdo, o professor também não o faz.

Ushbu maqolada innovatsion tafakkurni shakllantirishning zamonaviy va ilg‘or yondashuvlari tahlil qilingan. Raqamli transformatsiya jarayonlarining tezlashuvi sharoitida ijodkorlik, tanqidiy fikrlash, moslashuvchanlik va yechimlarni tez topish kabi kompetensiyalarni rivojlantirish ta’lim hamda boshqaruv tizimlarining ustuvor yo‘nalishiga aylanmoqda. Maqolada innovatsion fikrlashning nazariy asoslari, inson kapitalini rivojlantirishdagi roli, innovatsion muhit va ekotizimlarning ahamiyati yoritilgan. Shuningdek, STEAM-ta’lim, loyiha asosida o‘qitish, akseleratsiya dasturlari, startap inkubatsiyalari va raqamli simulyatorlardan foydalanish kabi ilg‘or metodlar samaradorligi o‘rganilgan. O‘zbekiston sharoitida innovatsion tafakkurni rivojlantirish bo‘yicha amaliy taklif va tavsiyalar ilgari surilgan..

Translational research bridges fundamental biological mechanisms and clinical application, enabling discoveries at the molecular and cellular level to inform diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutic strategies. In the context of post-COVID-19 rheumatic diseases, translational approaches have become particularly relevant due to the convergence of immune dysregulation, endothelial injury, fibrotic signaling, and altered tissue metabolism. These mechanisms collectively influence disease onset, progression, and treatment response in ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis, osteoarthritis, allergic vasculitis, systemic sclerosis, and patients with chronic ischemic heart disease

Ushbu maqolada bugungi kunda globallashuv Bu jarayon xalqaro savdoning kengayishi, investitsiyalar oqimi, texnologik taraqqiyot va moliyaviy integratsiyani tezlashtiradi. Shu bilan birga, globallashuv mehnat migratsiyasi, ekologik muammolar va iqtisodiy tengsizlik kabi salbiy oqibatlarni ham keltirib chiqarishi mumkin. Uning ijobiy va salbiy ta’sirlarini muvozanatlash uchun strategik yondashuv va xalqaro hamkorlik talab etiladi.

The rapid development of mobile technologies has significantly transformed contemporary educational practices, particularly in the area of foreign language learning. Mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) has emerged as a powerful and flexible approach that enables learners to develop English language skills beyond the limitations of traditional classroom environments. This academic article investigates the role of mobile applications in English language learning, examining their pedagogical value, effectiveness in developing language skills, impact on learner motivation and autonomy, and the challenges associated with their use. The study argues that mobile applications, when integrated systematically and pedagogically, can significantly enhance learners’ linguistic competence and support lifelong learning.

Author’s personal academic copy of the conference paper published in Suchasni informatsiino-telekomunikatsiini tekhnolohii: Suchasni tekhnolohii informatsiinoi bezpeky, Vol. IV, International Scientific and Technical Conference, State University of Telecommunications, Kyiv, Ukraine, 17–20 November 2015, pp. 35–38. Uploaded for research and citation purposes only.

In this article is given effective ways of teaching English to children with disabilities. Also Author gives their attention to Motivation. There is given lots of different types of theoretical and practical motivations.