Science & Mathematics

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Deep-water sampling in the Perdido Fold Belt, Gulf of Mexico, Mexican Economic Exclusive Zone yielded five specimens of tardigrades belonging to the genus Coronarctus Renaud-Mornant, 1974. The specimens represent the first records of the genus for Mexico. Two two-clawed larvae and two four-clawed larvae of Coronarctus mexicus Romano, Gallo, D’Addabbo, Accogli, Baguley & Montagna, 2011 and a single four-clawed larval specimen of an undescribed Coronarctus species were identified. Taxonomic analysis of the specimens contributed to the knowledge of deep-sea and Mexican marine tardigrades, two data-poor areas of study.

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Recently, the number of microwave applications increased with the evolution of new telecommunication techniques and hence the use of Microwave Monolithic Integrated Circuits (MMIC's) made of Gallium Arsenide (GaAs). For the further development of MMIC's, it is important to have characterization tools available to examine the processes inside the Integrated Circuit (IC). In this paper, we present the theory and the technics of the electro-optic probing technique used in our laboratory to characterize MMIC's. The main goal was to realize a "simple" and "cheap" probing tool using standard fiber equipment and a microwave network analyzer.

This work describes the development and validation of two PCR methods, End-point and real-time PCR for the detection of presence of soy protein in a wide rage of foodstuffs. Among the advantages of these techniques it is worth highlighting that these are reliable and sensitive, allowing to detect trace amounts of soybean in processed products. The TaqMan real-time PCR had the simplest, fastest testing process and high potential for automation, therefore representing the currently most suitable method for screening. Moreover, in order to verify the correct operation of the proposed methodology, the ELISA technique was used for quantitative determination of the soy protein. Also, thirty-five meat, fish and bakery processed products susceptible of containing soy which was not announced on the label were tested for the presence of soy DNA by using the methods proposed in. The methodologies can be useful in questions regarding the presence of soy protein in processed products, especially to verify the fulfilment of the labelling and security rules and to protect consumer's rights.

A constraint language Γ has non-redundancy f(n) if every instance of CSP(Γ) with n variables contains at most f(n) non-redundant constraints. If Γ has maximum arity r then it has nonredundancy O(n^r), but there are notable examples for which this upper bound is far from the best possible. In general, the non-redundancy of constraint languages is poorly understood and little is known beyond the trivial bounds Ω(n) and O(n^r). In this paper, we introduce an elementary algebraic framework dedicated to the analysis of the non-redundancy of constraint languages. This framework relates redundancy-preserving reductions between constraint languages to closure operators known as pattern partial polymorphisms, which can be interpreted as generic mechanisms to generate redundant constraints in CSP instances. We illustrate the power of this framework by deriving a simple characterisation of all languages of arity r having non-redundancy Θ(n^r).

No âmbito da crítica feita por Gilles Deleuze à imagem dogmática do pensamento em proveito da criação de outras maneiras de se dar o que significa pensar, deslocamentos podem ser operados no sentido de verificar ressonâncias produtivas entre a filosofia e outras formas de produção de conhecimento. Em meio a problemas que se impõem ao campo da educação, este trabalho busca pensar as possibilidades de uma educação marcada por movimentos liberadores de outras maneiras de pensar e que sejam capazes de abrir processos de criação de maneiras mais potentes e alegres de viver. Para tanto, parte-se da aliança conceitual estabelecida entre Gilles Deleuze e Henri Bergson para verificar de quais modos o método da intuição permite afirmar a importância dos problemas e da forma como são colocados, para afirmar também a necessidade de que cada partícipe de uma processualidade educacional possa por em pauta os questionamentos vitais que o atravessam. As diferenças existentes entre o saber como resultado e o aprender como processo levam à problematização da noção de sujeito e a afirmação da vida como movimento de criação e de diferenciação constante, o que permite pensar a liberação que nos interessa em termos de aumento de capacidade receptiva e disparação de conexões inusitadas. Trata-se de afirmar nossa capacidade de potencializar o diferir de si mesmo que nos constitui e o aprender como operador intensivo que conecta movimentos de organização e de explosão criativa.

Le système immunitaire, système biologique microscopique complexe avec une organisation multi-échelle à l’interface de l’environnement, assure l’identité moléculaire et l’intégrité des organismes polygénomiques et la résilience des systèmes vivants, organisés et dissipatifs d’énergie. Des phénomènes aléatoires conjointement à l’historicité guident l’organisation globale du système dès l’ontogénie, par la formation de structures hiérarchisées contraintes par des restrictions. Pourtant les pertes d’organisation et de fonctionnalité du système immunitaire au cours de perturbations et/ou du vieillissement, observables à différents niveaux d’échelles avec des boucles de régulations, en font un objet d’étude des dynamiques irréversibles, critiques et chaotiques. Je considère d’abord des hypothèses théoriques sur l’évolution du système immunitaire vu comme un système arborescent évolutif, dissipatif d’énergie, de type fractal, suivant des trajectoires hyperboliques et des dynamiques chaotiques. Cette organisation évolutive du système immunitaire globalement dans l’espace et le temps biologique permet la différenciation et diversité des lymphocytes pour assurer la cognition des antigènes. Ensuite, des exemples d’observations expérimentales chez la souris et de modélisations statistiques ou dynamiques bien que réductionnistes (ODE ou agents) permettent d’illustrer le comportement dynamique, la diversité, les transitions et la variabilité multi-échelles qui sont altérées au cours du vieillissement ou de perturbations.

This paper presents a novel decentralized consensus-based formation controller that considers both, the kinematic and the dynamic model, to uniformly and asymptotically drive a network composed of N nonholonomic mobile robots to a desired formation with a given orientation. The network is modeled as an undirected, static and connected graph. The controller is a smooth time-varying δ−persistently exciting controller of the Proportional-Derivative type. The stability analysis is carried out using a novel strict Lyapunov function. Simulations, using a network with six agents, illustrate our theoretical contributions.

In this thesis, the modeling of the behaviour of the unsaturated porous media is studied in the framework of micromechanics. In order to study the unsaturated case, it is necessary to know the distribution of the fluids in the porous space. The methods permitting to determine the equilibrium positions of a capillary interface inside of a porous medium and to study their stability are presented here, particularly in the case where there is no material exchange between the fluide phases. Then we used the "classical" linear homogenization approach to study the mechanic behaviour for a porous medium saturated by two fuid phases. The results obtained are applied to estimate the drying strains, in the case where the subjected stress and the temperature remain constant, with taking into account the influence of the morphology characters of the porous space and the domains occupied by the fluid phases. The modeling of the behaviour of a medium containing unsaturated mesocracks is studied by considering the coupling between the capillary forces and the geometric changes of the cracks. By an example of drying, we show that, in the case where the cracks are very flat, the macroscopic behaviour accounting for the non-linearity differs significantly from the results of the linear approach. The thesis is finished by an examination of a granular material behaviour. To this end, we use a numerical approach based on the periodic hypothesis of the materials studied. All results obtained in this thesis show clearly the importance to take into account the phenomena existing in the pore scale and the morphologic properties of the domains occupied by each phase in order to modelize the behaviour of the unsaturated porous media.