Open Access Books

Brevis introductio ad dictamen by Giovanni di Bonandrea was one of the most popular Latin treatises on ars dictaminis in the fourteenth century. Around the middle of the same century even a Florentine translation of Bonandrea’s work was made, probably for a personal use. This book offers a critical edition of this vernacular version, which is contained in manuscript 2323 of the Biblioteca Riccardiana, which dates from the first half of the fifteenth century. The text, stylistically modest, is linguistically very interesting, as it testifies to the restricted circulation of the ars dictaminis lexicon in the vernacular. The Introduction attempts to identify the cultural milieus in which the text was written and examines modes of translation and problems of attribution and dating. Great attention is also paid to the Latin tradition of the Brevis introduction ad dictamen, in an attempt to identify the witnesses that most closely match the Latin antigraph used by the translator. The critical text, which updates Francesco Zambrini’s entirely unsatisfactory 1854 edition, is accompanied by a commentary that offers information on the main exegetical, linguistic and stylistic issues, with special emphasis on comparisons with the Latin text. The volume is closed by a glossary of the terms of grammatical, rhetorical and metrical vocabulary found in the translation of the treatise: in many cases they represent the first attestation in Italian.

This book explores the challenges of informed consent in medical intervention and research ethics, considering the global reality of multiculturalism and religious diversity. Even though informed consent is a gold standard in research ethics, its theoretical foundation is based on the conception of individual subjects making autonomous decisions. There is a need to reconsider autonomy as relational—where family members, community and religious leaders can play an important part in the consent process. The volume re-evaluates informed consent in multicultural contexts and features perspectives from Buddhism, Confucianism, Hinduism, Christianity, Judaism and Islam. It is valuable reading for scholars interested in bioethics, healthcare ethics, research ethics, comparative religions, theology, human rights, law and sociology.

Dieses Open Access-Buch zeigt, dass Kompetenzentwicklung im Unternehmen so flexibel und innovativ sein kann, wie es die Arbeit oft schon ist. Der Ansatz „Agiles Lernen im Unternehmen“ wendet agile Methoden auf die betriebliche Weiterbildung an. Beschäftigte entwickeln neue Kompetenzen direkt im Arbeitsumfeld, die Herangehensweise ist dynamisch und kann im Verlauf des Lernens sich wandelnden Anforderungen und Rahmenbedingungen angepasst werden. Fachliche und methodische Begleiter unterstützen das Lernen und richten es am Bedarf des Unternehmens aus. Das Buch stellt Agiles Lernen im Unternehmen umfassend dar: Der erste Teil beschreibt den Hintergrund und das Vorgehen im Einzelnen. Im zweiten Teil werden sieben ausgewählte agile Lernprojekte aus sehr unterschiedlichen Unternehmen vorgestellt. Der dritte Teil behandelt übergreifende Themen zu Gestaltung, Organisation und Perspektive des agilen Lernens. Es lädt dazu ein, den Ansatz selbst auszuprobieren.

Severe pathologies, such as the diffuse liver diseases or tumors, can lead to the significant degradation of the human health and sometimes to lethal stages. The most reliable methods for the diagnosis of these affections, such as the classical biopsy or surgery, are invasive and dangerous. Advanced computerized methods are urgently needed to reduce invasiveness and enhance the information derived from medical images as much as possible by unveiling their subtle aspects, conducting to a virtual biopsy. Computer Vision and Machine Learning can be successfully employed to achieve this target. Thus, advanced image analysis combined with conventional machine learning, as well as the deep learning techniques, can lead to a highly accurate automatic diagnosis process. The corresponding features, together with the classification, segmentation, fusion of multiple image modalities, and 3D reconstruction techniques, can be involved in the achievement of appropriate 2D and 3D models for the considered affections, which are helpful in computer-aided diagnosis and surgery. The purpose of the special issue “Deep Learning for Pathology Detection and Diagnosis in Medical Imaging” is that of offering the opportunity to disseminate valuable and original results achieved in the corresponding field, surprising the latest, deep-learning techniques, eventually compared and combined with conventional methods.

Über das Medium Computerspiel findet zunehmend eine Auseinandersetzung mit psychologischen Traumata statt. Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung, Krankheit und Tod sowie Depressionen und Phobien sind hierbei vorherrschende Themen und Motive. Thomas Spies zeigt in einem historischen Überblick und in vergleichenden Analysen Tendenzen der kulturellen Repräsentation auf. Die Beschäftigung mit Titeln wie »Papers, Please«, »Hellblade: Senua's Sacrifice« und »Disco Elysium« lässt deutlich werden, wie Computerspiele zunehmend medienspezifische Möglichkeiten finden, die Vielfalt und Komplexität traumatischer Erfahrungen zu vermitteln.

Les efforts de l'homme pour se procurer de la joie sont parfois dignes de l'attention du philosophe, écrit Victor Hugo dans L'Homme qui rit. Comme les autres romantiques, il fait pourtant peser un énorme soupçon sur le rire et sur la gaieté. Les rictus omniprésents sous sa plume et celle de ses contemporains appartiennent tant au sadisme qu'à la souffrance, tant au bourreau qu'à sa victime. Alors que notre époque se montre friande de bonne humeur, de fêtes, de festivals, Victor Hugo et ses contemporains des quatre coins de l'Europe jugent que la joie est mal à-propos, elle qui résonne au milieu des souffrances populaires. Il peut lui arriver de sourire ou de verser des larmes, mais le héros hugolien ne rit pas, sauf si on l'y oblige. Doit-on encore lire les romantiques aujourd'hui ? Oui, parce qu'ils nous rappellent qu'il faut résister à la dictature contemporaine de l'allégresse, du rire de force. Voilà pourquoi Rictus romantiques se termine par un « Éloge de la mauvaise humeur ».

Esta publicación reúne artículos que dan cuenta de los distintos procesos que han atravesado las prácticas feministas en los sindicatos argentinos en el contexto del auge del movimiento feminista. Se analiza cómo este movimiento ha atravesado la agenda de los sindicatos en sus múltiples dimensiones y los cambios que se han dado en los niveles de dirección; así como las experiencias laborales y sindicales cotidianas de las y los trabajadores en sus propios puestos de trabajo, allí donde el género se cruza directamente con la clase, la raza y el lugar de procedencia. Asimismo, se pueden reconocer en sus páginas experiencias de prácticas políticas que visibilizan y reconocen demandas feministas entre las trabajadoras, así como sus desafíos a futuro.

George Sand était profondément attachée à son terroir. Elle tente d’y gérer ses terres avec habileté et innovation – sans beaucoup de succès d’ailleurs. Elle ne se contente pas d’y trouver un refuge dont la quiétude est propre au travail littéraire, qui lui assure l’essentiel de ses revenus… Observatrice des moeurs rurales, pionnière de l’ethnologie, elle y trouve l’inspiration de ses « romans champêtres », mais elle y élabore aussi une réflexion politique et une utopie sociale. Elle y crée u...

Diseases & disorders

Over the last decade, various nanomaterials (NMs) have attracted tremendous attention with the incredible development in nanoscience and nanotechnology. Some NMs are explored increasingly for biomedical applications, including drug delivery carriers, imaging probes, antimicrobial agents, biosensors, and tissue engineering scaffolds. However, the in vitro and in vivo toxicities of NMs related to oxidative stress are the main obstacles to use them in biomedical fields. One of the most promising strategies to address these obstacles is functionalizing NMs with biocompatible molecules or materials. In this Special Issue, we are especially interested in manuscripts that advance the understanding of the interaction of NMs with cells, such as cellular responses to NMs, intracellular behaviors of NMs, therapeutic and imaging potentials of NMs, as well as the functionalization of NMs through coating, patterning and hybridization with other biomolecules for multifaceted biomedical applications.

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Comparative pathology, translational research, and clinical trials involving domestic animals have the ultimate goal of advancing our medical knowledge of both human and veterinary species. Companion, laboratory (from mouse to non-human primates), and wildlife animals play a pivotal role in our understanding of infectious diseases—particularly those with a zoonotic component. This reprint focuses on fundamental and applied research on the comparative pathology and immunohistochemistry of veterinary species. A total of 11 high-quality papers addressing different areas of pathology have been contributed by 62 authors from seven countries, comprising 9 research articles and 2 communications.

Human variation has always existed, though it has been conceived of and responded to variably. Beholding Disability in Renaissance England interprets sixteenth- and seventeenth-century literature to explore the fraught distinctiveness of human bodyminds and the deliberate ways they were constructed in early modernity as able, and not. Hobgood examines early modern disability, ableism, and disability gain, purposefully employing these contemporary concepts to make clear how disability has historically been disavowed—and avowed too. Thus, this book models how modern ideas and terms make the weight of the past more visible as it marks the present, and cultivates dialogue in which early modern and contemporary theoretical models are mutually informative. Beholding Disability also uncovers crucial counterdiscourses circulating in the English Renaissance that opposed cultural fantasies of ability and had a keen sensibility toward non-normative embodiments. Hobgood reads impairments as varied as epilepsy, stuttering, disfigurement, deafness, chronic pain, blindness, and castration in order to understand not just powerful fictions of ability present during the Renaissance but also the somewhat paradoxical, surprising ways these ableist ideals provided creative fodder for many Renaissance writers and thinkers. Ultimately, Beholding Disability asks us to reconsider what we think we know about being human both in early modernity, and today.

A pesquisa foi realizada no segundo semestre de 1993 por uma equipe coordenada por Maria Tereza Sadek e integrada por Rogério Bastos Arantes, Maria da Glória Bonelli, Gessé Marques Jr. e Fábio José Kerche Nunes. Foram entrevistados cerca de 20% dos juízes em cinco estados – São Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul, Paraná, Goiás e Pernambuco – e mais 41 da Justiça Federal, totalizando 570 entrevistas, observando-se rigorosa proporcionalidade em relação à distribuição dos mesmos entre as instâncias e entrâncias existentes em cada estado. A escolha daqueles cinco estados teve como objetivo representar a diversidade regional do país e eventuais singularidades na composição ou na atuação da magistratura.

Serras de Valongo: Estudo Geomorfológico do Prof. Doutor Fernando Manuel da Silva Rebelo (published by FLUC, as no. 9 of the supplements of the magazine Biblos in 1975)