Open Access Books

The Raspberry Pi Foundation aims to promote the teaching of Computer Science and released the first Raspberry Pi device in February 2012. It is often referred to as a Single Board Computer (SBC), meaning that it runs a full operating system and has sufficient peripherals to start execution without additional hardware. Although other Single Board Computers (SBC) existed before, the Raspberry Pi Foundation made the SBC accessible to almost anyone, introducing not just a low-cost computer, but one that can bridge the gap to the physical world via standard electronic interfaces; controlled programmatically from the operating system. This has led to the popularity of the Raspberry Pi, not only in education but with industry, hobbyists, prototype builders, gamers and the curious, and it has enabled people to experiment in new ways. In this book, we show how the Raspberry Pi is being used for specific research prototypes; to construct testbeds; applied to Internet of Things applications, as well as educational contexts.

Este manual é destinado à orientação e à reflexão dos gestores e profissionais da saúde acerca da implementação das tecnologias de informações em saúde, em especial a Gestão Arquivística de Documentos (GAD), em suas rotinas de serviços. O livro apresenta os princípios técnicos e os procedimentos voltados ao tratamento e organização dos documentos gerados, recebidos e acumulados nos Organismos Produtores de Serviços de Atenção à Saúde (Opsas).

Research in the field of biomechanics and motion analysis has seen rapid growth in recent years. Such research enhances our understanding of normal human posture and locomotion, pathological movement, physical disorders, and human-environment interaction, while also facilitating the development of targeted sports and rehabilitation approaches. Advancements in technology now enable researchers to apply state-of-the-art systems, devices, and algorithms across a broad spectrum—from external body movement to internal cellular response, from controlled lab settings to outdoor environments, and from bench experiments to clinical applications. This Special Issue focuses on recent research and developments in biomechanics and motion analysis. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to: upper-limb and lower-limb biomechanics, spinal biomechanics, motion capture and analysis, interface biomechanics, shear force and pressure in ergonomics, computational orthopedics, physical ergonomics, sports engineering, rehabilitation engineering, human-environment biomechanical interaction, postural stability, balance and gait control, computer vision algorithms for motion analysis, artificial intelligence (AI) in biomechanics and motion capture, motion tracking and detection, and wearable devices for biomechanical and motion analysis.

This book discusses the manifold applications of several non-destructive methods to a few classes of materials. In particular, X-ray imaging techniques (both in the laboratory and at synchrotron radiation sources) as well Eddy current and magnetic methods are used in a few example materials (metals, concrete and others) to assess the quality of large components and these techniques' suitability as materials characterization tools. Advanced non-destructive evaluation techniques, such as neutron and synchrotron X-ray diffraction, only available at large-scale installations, are also shown to yield particularly relevant information about the residual stress of additively manufactured materials and components. Such large-scale techniques complement laboratory tools well in accessing all the scales of application from micro-level to conventional non-destructive techniques.

Available Open Access digitally under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. What if care was at the heart of how we organise our societies and economies? This timely book explores how care leave policies can help build and sustain caring democracies, economies and worlds. Bringing together international research and policy analysis – and inspired by the work of Joan Tronto and other leading care thinkers – Care Leaves and Care Time for All offers a bold, yet modest, proposal for transforming care leave policies. It reimagines paid care leaves as universal social entitlements across the life course providing care time for children and elders, for self and others, and for our social and ecological worlds. Amid growing care crises and other interconnected socio-economic and environmental challenges, this book issues an urgent call for a ‘global political awakening’ – one that centres and supports care giving, care receiving and care time for all.

Hostis humani generis, meaning “enemy of humankind,” is the legal basis by which Western societies have defined such criminals as pirates, torturers, or terrorists as beyond the pale of civilization. Sonja Schillings argues that this legal fiction does more than characterize certain persons as inherently hostile: it provides a narrative basis for legitimating violence in the name of the state. The work draws attention to a century-old narrative pattern that not only underlies the legal category of enemies of the state, but more generally informs interpretations of imperial expansion, protest against government-sponsored oppression, and the transformation of institutions as “legitimate” interventions on behalf of civilized society.

The overall objective of Reservoir Eutrophication: Preventive Management is to present the environmental and anthropogenic factors associated with the process of eutrophication and algal blooms in the Rio Verde reservoir and propose lake use and management technologies in order to minimize the problem. Eutrophication process in Rio Verde reservoir with the occurrence of intense algal blooms is a consequence of the interconnection of different climatological, hydrological, morphological, physico-chemical and biological factors, which occur not only in the watershed but also in the reservoir. Reservoir Eutrophication: Preventive Management compiles the information gathered from the development of a broad research program in Rio Verde watershed, from 2008 until 2010. Rio Verde reservoir, which was built in 1976, is located in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba, capital of the state of Paran? in South Brazil. This reservoir is mainly used for supplying water to one of PETROBRAS Refinery. However, the reservoir is to be used for supplying drinking water to the population and that is why better understanding this system dynamics is a great concern. The book is the result of an interdisciplinary research program, which has involved more than 150 researchers, with the aim of defining a watershed management preventive system in order to prevent eutrophication processes. This way, the book combines academic rigor with practical applicability and is of interest for both researchers and technologists working in watershed management. Reservoir Eutrophication: Preventive Management is of interest to researchers and technologists that wish to examine specific characteristics of tropical climates. It is of specific interest to developing countries and for researchers interested in knowing the developed methodology adapted for temperate conditions.

At the heart of cybersecurity lies a paradox: Cooperation makes conflict possible. In Age of Deception, Jon R. Lindsay shows that widespread trust in cyberspace enables espionage and subversion. While such acts of secret statecraft have long been part of global politics, digital systems have dramatically expanded their scope and scale. Yet success in secret statecraft hinges less on sophisticated technology than on political context. To make sense of this, Lindsay offers a general theory of intelligence performance—the analogue to military performance in battle—that explains why spies and hackers alike depend on clandestine organizations and vulnerable institutions. Through cases spanning codebreaking at Bletchley Park during WWII to the weaponization of pagers by Israel in 2024, he traces both continuity and change in secret statecraft. Along the way, he explains why popular assumptions about cyber warfare are profoundly misleading. Offense does not simply dominate defense, for example, because the same digital complexity that expands opportunities for deception also creates potential for self-deception and counterdeception. Provocative and persuasive, Age of Deception offers crucial insights into the future of secret statecraft in cyberspace and beyond.

Debates about gender are everywhere. Is it an inner identity, a biological fact, or an oppressive system? Should we respect it or resist it? What Even Is Gender? shifts the conversation in a fresh direction, arguing that these debates rest on a shared mistake: the idea that there is one thing called "gender" that both sides are arguing about. The authors distinguish a range of phenomena that established vocabulary often lumps together. This sheds light on the equivocations and false dichotomies of "gender" talk, and how they deny many of us the tools to make our needs, experiences, and concerns intelligible to others or even to ourselves. The authors develop a conceptual toolkit that helps alleviate the harms that result from the limitations of familiar approaches. They propose a pluralistic concept of "gender feels" that distinguishes among our experiences of diverse facets of gendered life. They develop a flexible approach to gender categories that reflects the value of self-determination. And they suggest that what we need is not one universal language of gender but an awareness of individual variation and a willingness to adjust to changing contexts and circumstances. A bold and thought-provoking approach to thinking about gender, What Even Is Gender? will be of great interest to those in philosophy, gender studies, sociology, and LGBTQIA+ studies.

The ability of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to support a practically endless variety of human activities places them among the most rapidly developing domains of technology with a continuously growing range of applications. On the other hand, the utilization of WSNs is obstructed because of not only the limited resources of sensor nodes in terms of energy supply, memory, and processing but also the inborn restrictions of wireless communications regarding power, speed, and the capacity of communication channels and their vulnerability to interferences and intrusion. Thus, numerous challenges arise on the subject of WSNs. This reprint aims to immerse the reader in the research works related to the state-of-the-art standards, experimentations, implementations, applications, new research proposals, and case studies regarding Wireless Sensor Networks, and we attracted the interest of many researchers associated with the previous topics. Finally, ten high-quality papers were selected for publication after a double-blind review process.

By adopting the principles of sustainable design and cleaner production, this important book opens a new challenge in the world of composite materials and explores the achieved advancements of specialists in their respective areas of research and innovation. Contributions coming from both spaces of academia and industry were so diversified that the 28 chapters composing the book have been grouped into the following main parts: sustainable materials and ecodesign aspects, composite materials and curing processes, modelling and testing, strength of adhesive joints, characterization and thermal behaviour, all of which provides an invaluable overview of this fascinating subject area. Results achieved from theoretical, numerical and experimental investigations can help designers, manufacturers and suppliers involved with high-tech composite materials to boost competitiveness and innovation productivity.

This impressive collection celebrates the work of Peter Kershaw, a key figure in the field of Australian palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. Over almost half a century his research helped reconceptualize ecology in Australia, creating a detailed understanding of environmental change in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene. Within a biogeographic framework one of his exceptional contributions was to explore the ways that Aboriginal people may have modified the landscape through the effects of anthropogenic burning. These ideas have had significant impacts on thinking within the fields of geomorphology, biogeography, archaeology, anthropology and history. Papers presented here continue to explore the dynamism of landscape change in Australia and the contribution of humans to those transformations. The volume is structured in two sections. The first examines evidence for human engagement with landscape, focusing on Australia and Papua New Guinea but also dealing with the human/environmental histories of Europe and Asia. The second section contains papers that examine palaeoecology and present some of the latest research into environmental change in Australia and New Zealand. Individually these papers, written by many of Australia's prominent researchers in these fields, are significant contributions to our knowledge of Quaternary landscapes and human land use. But Peopled Landscapes also signifies the disciplinary entanglement that is archaeological and biogeographic research in this region, with archaeologists and environmental scientists contributing to both studies of human land use and palaeoecology. Peopled Landscapes reveals the interdisciplinary richness of Quaternary research in the Australasian region as well as the complexity and richness of the entangled environmental and human pasts of these lands. - Prof. Peter Hiscock, The Australian National University

Esta obra se concentra en cuatro temas cruciales de la formación de docentes, tanto antes como durante el servicio y en la enseñanza en diferentes áreas y niveles educativos. En primer lugar, se aborda el asunto de las creencias que los docentes tienen sobre el proceso educativo, las cuales parecen influir en la práctica profesional que estos desarrollan y, por lo tanto, deberían recibir la atención explícita de los procesos de formación de docentes que deseen promover prácticas específicas. El segundo tema de la obra es la relación entre la formación de docentes y la política pública que la rige. En particular, se analizan las reformas curriculares implementadas por varias licenciaturas en universidades privadas colombianas, en respuesta a reformas a la normatividad sobre las condiciones de calidad que a las que deben ajustarse todas las licenciaturas del país. El tercer tema analizado es en qué medida los docentes en educación superior van más allá del dominio de su saber disciplinar atribuyendo importancia a la pedagogía, la didáctica y la práctica reflexiva en su propia práctica docente. Finalmente, se discuten aspectos de la formación de docentes relacionados con los procesos vividos y los retos encontrados por los docentes al entrar en la profesión, su socialización en la comunidad docente, sus identidades como maestros y su motivación para ser docentes. Vale la pena señalar que las contribuciones a este libro comparten el uso de metodologías cualitativas y presentan los resultados de historias de vida, entrevistas, observaciones, y análisis documentales, entre otros.

On 4th March 2001, at around 9.10pm, the collapse of the fourth pillar of Hintze Ribeiro Bridge caused part of the bridge deck to give way. A bus with fifty-three people on board and three passenger vehicles with six occupants plunged into the turbulent waters of the River Douro. Fifty-nine people lost their lives.ALT_QUEBRA_LINHAStarting from the study of the partial collapse of Hintze Ribeiro Bridge, a sociology with disasters is proposed with three main objectives that are explored in this book. The first objective is to focus on how the political crisis ensuing from the event is managed. The second is to look at the interpellating power of death and suffering and, more precisely, at the process of their politicization. The third objective is to highlight the inscription of the event, classified as extraordinary, in a temporal continuous in which three segments of time are considered: the time before the disaster; the time during which the disaster occurs (the emergency period); and the period of quasi-silence about the disaster (the long term). The inscription of the event in a longer temporality is crucial for the fourth and central objective of this thesis: to identify the type of governance practice of a territory and a population affected by an extraordinary event and the distinct materialities it assumes during both the emergency phase and in the long term.

This volume covers the role and policy efficacy of fraud within the system of bankruptcy crimes, focusing on the factual circumstances of the several indictments relating to it according to their their historical evolution; the traditional attention given to the declaratory judgement is replaced by the conceptual division between 'bankruptcy', 'insolvency' and 'financial difficulties', thus also enhancing the impact of the other insolvency procedures. The critical review of the individual criminal figures is oriented towards finding the minimum amount of fraud of each individual type of fraudulent bankruptcy, as a subjective typicality correction for the deficiencies of the offence. The investigation, which has turned into a broader reflection on the psychological aspect, aims at setting the coordinates for a possible reform of the volume’s subject.