Open Access Books

The creators of marketing campaigns use various tools to effectively reach the awareness of potential consumers. The basic means in marketing communication are a word and an image and their effectiveness is often determined by an accurate and creative combination of both types of content — verbal and visual. This is evidenced by real-time marketing, a marketing strategy in which the image draw attention of the recipients and the text completes the entire presented message. The aim of the article is to show the ways of using current events and situations thematically related to Polish sport, including the significant successes of Polish representatives, to promote their own brand and build its positive image. The result of analyses of the collected empirical material is an indication of the constitutive features of verbal-visual messages created as part of real-time marketing: the complementarity of the meanings of a word and an image, the use of a spatial syntagma (most often in the top — bottom relationship), the use of reference and ambiguity.

The problem of evil has vexed for centuries:

Bad arguments have never been in short supply. The scholarly interest they have elicited in recent years, on the other hand, is quite exceptional. Fallacy studies have become a well established and flourishing field of argumentation theory. Without notable exception, the ever-growing literature on argumentative failures suffer from a conspicuous lack of interest in Mediaeval fallacy theory – arguably the most creative stage in the whole history of argumentation theories. The standard story is that after Aristotle got off to a tentative start, the study of fallacies laid dormant until people at Port Royal and John Locke revived it in spectacular fashion. «Fallacies in the Arabic, Byzantine, Hebrew and Latin Traditions» will show that this narrative is misleading, if not altogether false. Free of boundaries or limitations imposed by differences in discipline, language and culture, the volume will provide ample and unambiguous record of the exegetical proficiency, technical expertise and argumentative savoir-faire typically displayed by mediaeval logicians jurists and theologians on issues whose complexity we underestimate to some extent – such as the problem of defining what a fallacy is or the pitfalls of linguistic expression. Working its way from the inside out within each mediaeval tradition and comparing mediaeval findings and lessons to contemporary views and trends, the volume will show where the potential for novelty and the rightful place of mediaeval theories of fallacies lies within contemporary argumentation studies.

A complete guide to the history, biology, hunting, and management of mule deer in Utah. The author, Dennis D. Austin, is a retired research scientist with more than thirty years of experience working as a wildlife biologist for the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources.

This open access book is about Mozambicans and Angolans who migrated in state-sponsored schemes to East Germany in the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s. They went to work and to be trained as a vanguard labor force for the intended African industrial revolutions. While they were there, they contributed their labor power to the East German economy. This book draws on more than 260 life history interviews and uncovers complex and contradictory experiences and transnational encounters. What emerges is a series of dualities that exist side by side in the memories of the former migrants: the state and the individual, work and consumption, integration and exclusion, loss and gain, and the past in the past and the past in the present and future. By uncovering these dualities, the book explores the lives of African migrants moving between the Third and Second worlds. Devoted to the memories of worker-trainees, this transnational study comes at a time when historians are uncovering the many varied, complicated, and important connections within the global socialist world.

Kann man eine Sprache allein durchs Fernsehen lernen – ganz ohne Unterricht und Interaktion? Ausgehend von einer Kindheitsbeobachtung auf dem Balkan untersucht diese mehrmethodische Studie, wie Kinder im frühen Alter die deutsche Sprache ungesteuert außerhalb des Zielsprachenlandes durch reinen audio-visuellen Medienkonsum erwerben. Eine kritische Synopse bestehender L2-Erwerbstheorien stellt gängige Annahmen auf den Prüfstand.

Literature and Computation presents some of the most relevantly innovative recent approaches to literary practice, theory, and criticism as driven by computation and situated in digital environments. These approaches rely on automated analyses, but use them creatively, engage in text modeling but inform it with qualitative[-interpretive] critical possibilities, and contribute to present-day platform culture in revolutionizing intermedial ways. While such new directions involve more and more sophisticated machine learning and artificial intelligence, they also mark a spectacular return of the (trans)human(istic) and of traditional-modern literary or urgent political, gender, and minority-related concerns and modes now addressed in ever subtler and more nuanced ways within human-computer interaction frameworks. Expanding the boundaries of literary and data studies, digital humanities, and electronic literature, the featured contributions unveil an emerging landscape of trailblazing practice and theoretical crossovers ready and able to spawn and/or chart the witness literature of our age and cultures.

Amidst debates shaping media and communications governance in the twenty-first century, children’s needs, aspirations and entitlements are often marginal if not invisible. To disrupt ‘adultist’ perspectives and set out a child rights approach to internet governance, this chapter documents the process of drafting General comment No. 25 on children’s rights in the digital environment. This is an authoritative interpretation of international law for states and other duty bearers on how the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Rights of the Child applies, and should be implemented, online and offline. In the multistakeholder effort to ensure that the digital environment supports and does not infringe children’s rights, the adoption of General comment No. 25 was a watershed moment. We examine how global consultations with the public, children and experts shaped the general comment text, focusing especially on tensions between protection and participation, around children’s age and ‘evolving capacity’, and in relation to ‘best interests.’

Qu'advient-il aujourd'hui de l'institution ouvrière du travail comme lieu de critique et de transformation de la société des travailleurs ? Pour comprendre l'emprise de plus en plus forte du management sur l'activité productive, R. Pinard étudie l'histoire de la gestion du travail aux États-Unis, en Angleterre et en France, et de sa mise sous tutelle par l'autorité. Seule une critique radicale de ce modèle peut rendre son sens au travail.

This book reveals how government agencies manage policy growth with limited resources, introducing 'policy triage' to describe crucial trade-offs. Drawing on cross-national insights, it appeals to those interested in governance, public administration, and real-world policy challenges. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

"The aim of this collection is to make possible the forging of a more robust, politically useful, and theoretically elaborate understanding of working-class literature(s). These essays map a substantial terrain: the history of working-class literature(s) in Russia/The Soviet Union, The USA, Finland, Sweden, The UK, and Mexico. Together they give a complex and comparative – albeit far from comprehensive – picture of working-class literature(s) from an international perspective, without losing sight of national specificities. By capturing a wide range of definitions and literatures, this collection gives a broad and rich picture of the many-facetted phenomenon of working-class literature(s), disrupts narrow understandings of the concept and phenomenon, as well as identifies and discusses some of the most important theoretical and historical questions brought to the fore by the study of this literature. If read as stand-alone chapters, each contribution gives an overview of the history and research of a particular nation’s working-class literature. If read as an edited collection (which we hope you do), they contribute toward a more complex understanding of the global phenomenon of working-class literature(s)."

Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery is a broad field with many challenges. The aim of this short book is to provide the reader with several informative chapters in the field of neonatal and pediatric surgery. Each chapter provides details on a specific area of this changing field. The scope of this book focuses on a few areas that are rare and challenging. For example, it covers preoperative and postoperative care of neonates. Important anesthesia considerations, including anesthesia for neonates and regional anesthesia, are discussed. A unique chapter on neonatal tumors is presented. The book provides an overview of the recent recommendations for care of infants and children that undergo cardiac surgery. The challenging aspects of caustic ingestion are explained. Each chapter stands alone as a detailed source of information for the reader. This book brings updated information with structured headings that will allow the reader to remain focused as the material is reviewed.

The ischemic penumbra was initially defined by Symon, Lassen and colleagues in the 1970s as an area of brain tissue with inadequate blood flow to maintain electric activity of neurons but adequate blood flow to preserve the function of the ion channels. This area of tissue, receiving enough blood to survive but not enough to function, often surrounds or abuts the irreversibly damaged core in ischemic stroke. It was shown that if blood flow could be restored to this area of marginal perfusion, the tissue could survive and function again, and growth of the core could be prevented. Based on seminal PET studies, penumbra or "penumbral tissue" eventually took on a subtly different meaning - the area of brain that is destined to progress to infarct unless blood flow is restored within a particular time window. The penumbra thus became the target for all acute stroke interventions - to preserve viability of the tissue and restore function. New imaging techniques, including diffusion and perfusion MRI and CT perfusion, were developed to rapidly identify individuals with penumbra, who were thought to be the best candidates for aggressive interventions to restore blood flow, particularly beyond the licensed time-window for IV thrombolysis. However, most clinical trials have failed to establish the usefulness of identifying candidates for treatment in this way using pre-specified protocols and primary endpoints. These trials have used different and sometimes unvalidated thresholds of hypoperfusion as well as irreversible infarct and various definitions of significant penumbra (or mismatch between irreversible infarct and hypoperfused, but salvageable tissue), and reanalysis of their data using more refined image processing showed post-hoc positivity. They have also evaluated outcome in a variety of ways, with few studies measuring the direct effect of restoring blood flow on the function of the penumbral tissue. Therefore, important remaining questions include how to define, characterize, and image the penumbra in acute stroke to achieve the greatest reliability and validity for what we want to measure, and whether this concept, so defined, provides an optimal target for stroke therapy using state-of-the-art trial design.

L’affaire dite « Soames », qualifiée d’un des plus grands scandales de l’histoire de la diplomatie britannique, se déroule en février 1969, alors que les relations Paris-Londres sont au plus bas depuis la fin de la guerre. Une conversation confidentielle entre le président Charles de Gaulle et l’ambassadeur britannique à Paris, Christopher Soames, débouche sur une crise diplomatique si grave qu’elle s’étend à l’ensemble du continent européen. Immédiatement détourné par les Britanniques, le contenu de la conversation est révélé à Bonn et communiqué à Washington, afin de nuire aux relations franco-allemandes et de protéger la relation angloaméricaine. Le déroulement des événements est orchestré non pas par l’ambassadeur Soames, bouc émissaire de l’affaire, mais par le Foreign Office, dont certains hauts fonctionnaires mettent à l’épreuve le fonctionnement traditionnel du service diplomatique de Sa Majesté. À Paris, Michel Debré évoque la « perfide Albion » et, à la veille du départ du Général de Gaulle, la situation semble dans l’impasse : la Grande-Bretagne est discréditée aux yeux de ses partenaires européens, et les relations Paris-Londres semblent plus compromises que jamais. À partir d’archives britanniques, françaises, allemandes et américaines, ainsi que de témoignages d’acteurs et d’observateurs de l’époque, l’auteur présente une interprétation originale d’une affaire souvent délaissée par l’historiographie, mais non sans conséquences sur les relations diplomatiques franco-britanniques dans le contexte de la construction européenne.