Open Access Books

As abelhas são observadas pelo ser humano desde a Antiguidade. Elas atuam como agentes determinantes na polinização de muitas espécies vegetais e, desse modo, desempenham papel fundamental na preservação da diversidade de plantas floríferas e asseguram a produção mundial de alimentos. Atualmente, elas também têm importância econômica, pois são essenciais para a apicultura. Neste livro, diversos especialistas apresentam novas investigações sobre o potencial biológico de dois importantes produtos dessa indústria: a própolis e a geoprópolis. A própolis é um material resinoso, produzido por abelhas africanizadas e por abelhas sem ferrão (meliponíneos) e apresenta inúmeras propriedades biológicas. A geoprópolis é produzida por abelhas indígenas ou sem ferrão e é ainda pouco conhecida pela comunidade geral. O leitor acadêmico ou leigo encontrará aqui reunidas informações sobre essas abelhas e atividades biológicas, efeitos colaterais, recomendações de uso, versões comerciais disponíveis e novas estratégias terapêuticas desses produtos.

The practice of regular physical activity has been proposed as a determinant in many disciplines, from wellness to physiotherapy; in fact, it reduces the risks of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Moreover, physical exercise decreases the incidence of some types of cancer, such as breast and colon cancer. Finally, rehabilitation protocols need correct exercise training to reach the complete “return to play” of patients. Unfortunately, the mechanisms associated with the beneficial effects of physical activity are still under study. Therefore, advances in all aspects of sport and exercise medicine will be relevant for physicians, recreational sport practitioners and elite athletes. This was the aim of this Special Issue, “New trends in sport and exercise medicine”, which achieved great success. Sixteen papers have been published, which are briefly described below. They range from mobile applications in physiotherapy to changes in bioactive lipids in half-marathoners. However, sport and exercise medicine are broad subjects and require more papers to clarify their different aspects. Therefore, we proposed a new Special Issue to continue on this path and gain new insights into sport and exercise medicine.

Ethnoarchaeology, the study of material culture in a living society by archaeologists, facilitates the extraction of information from prehistoric materials as well. Studies of contemporary pottery-making were initiated in the southwestern United States toward the end of the nineteenth century, then abandoned as a result of changes in archaeological theory. Now a resurgence in ethnoarchaeology over the past twenty-five years offers a new set of directions for the discipline. This volume presents the results of such work with pottery, a class of materials that occurs abundantly in many archaeological sites. Drawing on projects undertaken around the world, in the Phillipines, East Africa, Mesoamerica, India, in both traditional and complex societies, the contributors focus on identifying social and behavioral sources of ceramic variation to show how analogical reasoning is fundamental to archaeological interpretation. As the number of pottery-making societies declines, opportunities for such research must be seized. By bringing together a variety of ceramic ethnoarchaeological analyses, this volume offers the profession a much-needed touchstone on method and theory for the study of pottery-making among living peoples.

The Seine-Yonne sector occupies a special place in our knowledge of Neolithic societies. Although an interface between the southern and north-eastern branches, it is also the exclusive preserve of chalk flint. Applying the "technological system" concept, the author seeks to identify the skills levels of the flint knappers, asks whether expert knappers existed, and explores the spatial breakdown of the operational chain and the methods of acquiring and distributing raw materials in order to address the question of the socio-econo­mic organization of flint tool production. Her exploration is based on the study of twelve reference series comprising over 100.000 flint artifacts in a multivariate analysis making use, among other approaches, of cladistics, the first time this technique has ever been applied to this field. By systematically referring to anthropological and historical questions, this book constitutes an important contribution to the study of the development of Neolithic communities across Europe.

En este tomo II escribimos consultoras activistas, feministas pos y decoloniales, investigadores(as) activistas, activistas investigadores(as), así como profesores investigadores latinoamericanos(as), socialistas y latinoamericanistas. Cada uno(a), a nuestra manera, situamos y problematizamos nuestras prácticas de conocimiento, deteniéndonos unas en las dimensiones epistémicas, éticas, de género y de poder; otros, en las metodológicas, políticas, axiológicas y ontológicas. Cada uno(a) definió sus objetivos en el tiempo/espacio que le tocó vivir pero, al ponernos a contraluz, intentamos contribuir a “SURearnos" en estos momentos de crisis sistémica y civilizatoria. SURearnos en el sentido que el antropólogo brasileño Marcio D’Olne Campos (en este tomo) propone, es decir, desnaturalizando lo habitual para emprender el camino de la descolonización de nuestro sistema de pensamiento en la academia, la escuela y en nuestras vidas, y partiendo del conocimiento local para construir orientaciones adecuadas con base en lo que ocurre en nuestro ámbito de vida.

The aim of the article is to present the function of the discussion group Sandomierz Inhabitants and Sandomierz Symphatizerin the years 2010-2022. The task set by the author of the text was to analyze and describe the roles performed by this discussion group and to determine which of these functions are the most important and what are their significance for the community centered around this group. The article has been divided into two parts. The first presents the history and principles of the group's activities, while the second describes its functions. This was done using the classification created by Agnieszka Smalec and Leszek Gracz. In the course of the research, it was established that the task of the group was to share resources, strive for cooperation and co-creation, invite to discuss and develop communication, publish and present views, and refer to news and keep informed.

The grotesque in Salman Rushdie’s fiction, rather than being an ornament of comedy or horror, is a device to manage the attention economy, forcing concealed norms into visibility and thereby rendering them open to interrogation, negotiation, and change. This work unfolds this principal argument by first defining the grotesque – itself a notoriously difficult undertaking – before tying the resulting prototype-theoretical model to the notion of power and thereby five thinkers who have considerably shaped this discourse: Foucault, Bhabha, Kristeva, Agamben and Mbembe. This theoretical edifice is then, in a second step, used to analyse in detail the various works of Rushdie’s oeuvre, where incestuous desires, severed heads, migrant freaks, and burning widows are read as literary configurations through which issues of power, the body, migration, and gender are compelled to show themselves. Thus, at its core, this book proposes that any appreciation of Rushdie’s stories and their transgressive nature would be much reduced without the recourse they take to the grotesque interface and its ability to direct attention. The grotesque, after all, generates noise, and as Rushdie himself demands in “Imaginary Homelands”, one should always make “as noisy a complaint about the world as is humanly possible.”

Die Postmoderne ist zu Ende! Seit drei Dekaden hallt diese Diagnose durch den geisteswissenschaftlichen Diskursraum. Doch was kommt jetzt? Die Beiträger*innen des Bandes schlagen kein neues Epochenkonzept vor, sondern widmen sich den Phänomenen Postironie, Pop III, Heimat und Posthumanismus. Mit Hilfe kulturwissenschaftlichen Rüstzeugs klopfen sie zeitgenössische Filme, Serien und Romane auf ihr gegenwartsspezifisches Potenzial ab. Grimes, David Bowie und Olivia Wenzel werden dabei ebenso behandelt wie Donna Haraway, Andreas Gabalier und Leif Randt.

Urbanism is a way of thinking and acting needed for sustainable development; urbanists are becoming inter- and transdisciplinary, bringing science, technology, and design into their field. As the world is in a cascading of crises related to, e.g., health, energy, food, and water, as well as issues of, e.g., traffic, housing, and services, integrated approaches become increasingly relevant as most of these challenges are related. Having a holistic urbanism viewpoint is the path to resilience and sustainability. Here, we are not referring to a longer list of notions but particularly encouraging dialogues between (possibly perceived) conflicting discourses. This book is the proceedings of the 14th IFoU conference, a stepping stone towards a new culture of working together. It includes papers in five tracks representing five types of debates over a set of dichotomies: “Urban-rural Integration” and “Areas In-Between” The City is an Object and a City is in Transition Political Ecology and Adaptive and Transformative Framework Metropolization and the Right to the City Human-centred and Nature-based Approaches in Cities

Creativity is increasingly attracting attention of scientific community given its role in different aspects of human life. So far we have only began to understand its complexity and how it correlates with other cognitive processes. A further understanding of its key processes is essential to better implement applications of creativity tools to daily life. Therefore, it is the aim of this Research Topics to further elucidate how creativity can be measured, and its components, such as mental imagery, are determined.

Consciousness is the most fascinating—but tantalizingly difficult—topic in the whole of biology. Although many people now believe that mammals, birds, and possibly all vertebrates are conscious, there are also claims that many other animals such as crabs and insects may be conscious too. Such claims, if true, would have major implications on what we eat, how we control pests, and for our whole relationship with the animal world. More than ever, it is important to question the evidence and to ask what we really know about animal consciousness. Who is Conscious? is an adventure into animal minds. It is also a guide as to how we can possibly know about the conscious experiences of animals that have no words to tell us what they might be thinking or feeling. It proposes some simple questions that we can all ask to help us decide which evidence to believe. It looks at recent highly suggestive evidence for consciousness in various animal species and asks how well it stands up to being challenged. It describes research on human consciousness—which has the advantage of being able to ask people what they feel—and asks whether the similarities are great enough that we should conclude that non-humans are conscious too. The book is for anybody with an interest in animals and who has ever wondered what might be going on in their minds.

This book provides the first systematic overview of German sociology today. Thirty-four chapters review current trends, relate them to international discussions and discuss perspectives for future research. The contributions span the whole range of sociological research topics, from social inequality to the sociology of body and space, addressing pressing questions in sociological theory and innovative research methods.

This open access book challenges dominant understandings of learning outcomes and educational (under)achievement and examines the quality and construction of learning outcomes across Europe. Educational achievement is considered central to economic development and social inclusion, yet its measuring is not a straightforward task, as the controversial discussion on defining learning outcomes show. Rather, they result from a complex process of constructing learning outcomes and entails manifold intersecting factors and actors. This volume argues that gaining an in-depth understanding of educational achievement requires re-thinking and re-conceptualising learning outcomes and their construction processes in a holistic and context-sensitive manner. Organized along three thematic parts, the chapters in this volume challenge dominant understandings of learning outcomes and educational achievement in research and offer a reconceptualization of learning outcomes by drawing on three major theoretical perspectives, Life course, Intersectionality, and Spatial justice, thus bringing together different disciplinary approaches in a dynamic manner. Importantly, the book does not only offer new approaches and rethinking of learning outcomes, but also a critical reappraisal of the methodological frameworks used to research them, offering new tools for not only overcoming some of the major shortcomings and problems of the currently dominating approaches, but also tapping on the potential of participatory methodologies to facilitate the formulation and implementation of more effective, context-sensitive, and evidence-based policies. Drawing empirical evidence from a European research project, the volume offers novel approaches to conceptualising, understanding, and researching learning outcomes and educational achievement that can promote inclusiveness of education. The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by Horizon Europe.

"As últimas três décadas do século XIX marcaram momentos decisivos na história do Brasil. A diversificação dos interesses das elites, fenômeno que esteve ligado à transição do trabalho escravo para o trabalho livre, resulta numa dinâmica complexa de críticas ao regime monárquico. Nesse contexto, vários grupos sociais alijados pela política imperial adquiriram condições para expressar publicamente seus dissensos e projetos.
Na composição desta conjuntura encontramos vários nomes, entre eles o de Louis Couty, que até o momento figurava à sombra de eminentes figuras do Império. Este livro examina de modo profícuo e original a atuação e o pensamento do cientista francês Louis Couty entre as décadas de 1870 e 1890, cuja contribuição ocorreu num momento de transformação/modernização das instituições científicas e criação de novos lugares de ciência visando à constituição de uma ciência moderna no Brasil.
Couty agiu em vários contextos do final dos Oitocentos no país. Ele foi responsável pela introdução do campo de estudo da fisiologia experimental em terras brasileiras, escreveu livros sobre a escravidão, artigos sobre o café, relatórios sobre a erva mate, sempre com o olhar de um homem da ciência, que via problemas e procurava soluções, de acordo com o pensamento da época.
Louis Couty e o Império do Brasil (1871 – 1891) é um livro que nos auxilia mais especificamente na compreensão do imbricado problema da mão de obra porque revela as conexões que este problema estabelecia com os anseios das elites imperiais quanto à constituição de um povo idealizado, e as conexões com a ciência, que traria as soluções para os problemas.
Por tudo isso, Moisés Stahl entende Couty como um mediador das ideias novas que chegaram ao país a partir da década de 1870, ideias que Couty operou em solo brasileiro a partir da definição que realizou de uma de suas disciplinas, a Biologia Industrial, onde mesclou os conceitos evolucionistas da época à realidade produtiva e social do Brasil, lançando teses sobre o país e seu povo. Desse modo, a associação enigmática entre raça e nação, vivida de forma tão angustiada pelas elites brasileiras do final do século XIX ganha, através desse estudo, uma inteligibilidade nova."

As almost all human activities have been moved online due to the pandemic, novel robust and efficient approaches and further research have been in higher demand in the field of computer science and telecommunication. Therefore, this (reprint) book contains 13 high-quality papers presenting advancements in theoretical and practical aspects of computer recognition, pattern recognition, image processing and machine learning (shallow and deep), including, in particular, novel implementations of these techniques in the areas of modern telecommunications and cybersecurity.