Open Access Books

Através de textos de autores portugueses, brasileiros e angolanos, do século XIX até hoje, neste livro procuro mostrar que um pensamento ecologicamente motivado pode facultar acesso a aspetos pertinentes de certos livros, desdobrando em superfícies mais amplas a atenção que lhes prestamos. Em larga medida, estas incursões no campo da ecocrítica tratam-na não como um ponto de vista particularmente adequado para examinar o imaginário ambiental veiculado pela literatura, mas como um vocabulário particularmente útil para relacionar a imaginação literária com o pensamento ecológico. Num sentido muito prático, procuro aqui seguir um conselho oportuno do líder indígena Ailton Krenak — “Quando você sentir que o céu está ficando muito baixo, é só empurrá-lo e respirar” —, extraindo algumas consequências da ideia de que um livro que respira é um livro que se expande sobre o espaço que o comporta.

Drawing on interdisciplinary, cross-national perspectives, this open access book contributes to the development of a coherent scientific discourse on social exclusion of older people. The book considers five domains of exclusion (services; economic; social relations; civic and socio-cultural; and community and spatial domains), with three chapters dedicated to analysing different dimensions of each exclusion domain. The book also examines the interrelationships between different forms of exclusion, and how outcomes and processes of different kinds of exclusion can be related to one another. In doing so, major cross-cutting themes, such as rights and identity, inclusive service infrastructures, and displacement of marginalised older adult groups, are considered. Finally, in a series of chapters written by international policy stakeholders and policy researchers, the book analyses key policies relevant to social exclusion and older people, including debates linked to sustainable development, EU policy and social rights, welfare and pensions systems, and planning and development. The book’s approach helps to illuminate the comprehensive multidimensionality of social exclusion, and provides insight into the relative nature of disadvantage in later life. With 77 contributors working across 28 nations, the book presents a forward-looking research agenda for social exclusion amongst older people, and will be an important resource for students, researchers and policy stakeholders working on ageing.

The synthesis of enantiopure organic compounds is a key issue for several applications in pharmacology, food chemistry, agricultural chemistry, perfumery, materials science and other industrial sectors. Nowadays, asymmetric catalysis is undoubtedly the most important tool to achieve this goal. This technology, in fact, enables the production of large amounts of enantiomerically enriched compounds, employing relatively small quantities of chiral enantiopure catalysts, which is exactly what is accomplished by enzymes in nature. Since the pioneering works of Noyori, Knowles and Sharpless, which later earned them the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, asymmetric catalysis has experienced a rapid and relentless development in the last fifty years. The tremendous expansion of enantioselective transformations, the design of novel and more efficient organometallic and organic catalysts, the development of sophisticated bioreactors and cell factories, are just some of the elements responsible for such growth. However, new challenges of asymmetric catalysis are devoted to enhancing the process’s sustainability, by the introduction of recyclable and low-cost catalysts, and the use of renewable starting materials and energy source. This book provides an overview of some of these development directions and comprises a collection of review papers and a research article authored by renowned researchers actively involved in this field. The topics covered by the review papers are photoredox-catalyzed reactions of imines, asymmetric catalytic electrosynthesis, cooperative catalysis of chiral N-heterocyclic carbenes and Lewis acid, and asymmetric ring-opening reactions of epoxides catalyzed by metal–salen complexes. The research article presents a proline-catalyzed aldol reaction in water–methanol solvent mixture.

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

In this chapter, we bring queer theory into dialogue with critical race studies. We ask “How does the literature in queer kinship engage with the issues of race and intersecting inequalities?’’ This chapter builds upon the foundational literature in queer family studies. It departs from the foundational literature in the anthropology of reproduction by placing the role that racial hierarchies and racial logics play at the center of analysis. We refer to family forms that do not conform to heteronormative, monoracial models. This chapter also advances debates in anthropology that illuminate the social, cultural, and political imperatives that confer respectability and legitimacy to transgressive family forms. Given the changing legal and global landscape, we offer a nuanced analysis of the ways that queer families employ racial and cultural logics as they engage with technologies in their pathways to parenthood. Finally, our analysis innovates and renovates queer family studies by proving an analysis of the ways that heteronormativity and Whiteness mark all logics of reproduction in the early twenty-first century.

Les géants, enfants de la terre qui se rebellent contre le ciel des dieux olympiens et tentent de le conquérir en renversant l’ordre naturel, politique et social, appartiennent à la plus ancienne mythologie grecque. La gigantomachie est le conte de la lutte des dieux contre les géants. Le Centre Jean Bérard et la Soprintendenza Speciale per i Beni Archeologici di Napoli e Pompei ont organisé un colloque international sur le thème des « Géants et gigantomachie entre Orient et Occident ». Il s’est conclu par l’inauguration de l’exposition homonyme dans la Sala Farnesina du museo Archeologico Nazionale di Napoli par les deux commissaires, Claude Pouzadoux, directrice du Centre Jean Bérard, et Françoise-Hélène Massa-Pairault, directrice de recherche émérite au CNRS.

Our understanding of immunogenetics is growing rapidly with new and exciting developments in all fields. This book provides a comprehensive overview of transplantation immunogenetics. Chapters address such topics as immune tolerance, human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) and transplantation, immunity and viral epidemics, and more.

Die vorgelegten Analyseresultate verstehen sich als Beitrag zur Erforschung neologistischer Wortbildungsstrukturen des Russischen. Ihre Beschreibung erfolgt im Wesentlichen auf der Basis des Jachnow, H., Wortbildung und ihre Modellierung anhand des serbokroatischen Verbalbereichs, Wiesbaden, 1978 vorgelegten Wortbildungsmodells, in dem der Wortbildungsgenerator des AGM von S.K. Šaumjan modifiziert und weiterentwickelt wird. Zusätzlich werden bei der Modellierung des gegebenen Materials neue eigene Erkentnisse und die Resultate der jüngsten Wortbildungsforschung, insbesondere der sowjetischen, ausgewertet.

The rapid expansion of the agricultural frontier as a consequence of deforestation and anthropogenic changes worldwide is a matter of concern for the international scientific community. In addition, in the fight against climate change due to livestock farming, one of the main strategies for mitigating greenhouse gases is the use of sustainable alternatives if products with a high carbon footprint are used, while revaluing local resources. In the case of northern Ecuador, in spite of the limited soil fertility gradient, dairy and/or dual-purpose cattle raising represents one of the strongest links in the family economy. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate production alternatives that allow us to conserve natural resources given the fragility of these megadiverse ecosystems. This book shows that the use of conventional livestock systems degrades natural resources with significant losses in productivity, as well as low economic returns. Consequently, the implementation of silvopastoral systems as an easy-to-install technological alternative is undoubtedly the way to achieve more efficient and environmentally friendly livestock systems, while diversifying the economic income of the population.

Sub-replacement fertility, observed in the 1970s and the 1980s in selected developed countries, has become a global phenomenon in the XXI century. In 2019 sub-replacement fertility was experienced in 93 countries and their populations amounted for nearly a half of the world population. The fertility developments and the synthesis of empirical research along with most known theoretical frameworks are presented. They are supplemented by comments about a paradigm shift in demographic research. This shift concerned ‘the transition in research from structures to processes, from macro to micro, from analysis to synthesis, and from certainty to uncertainty’ and the life course perspective as a leading research approach. This change contributed to progressing micro-level demographic research, especially as regards family related behaviours. The focus is on the international demographic research programmes: Family and Fertility Survey (FFS), carried out in the 1990s, and Generations and Gender Programme (GGP) initiated in 2000. New challenges in research on fertility, both in theoretical and empirical perspectives, refer inter alia to a increasing meaning of economic uncertainty and emergence of so-called generalised uncertainty. A new round of GGP, which started in 2020, responds to these challenges.

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

In the field of Analytical Chemistry and, in particular, whenever a quali-quantitative analysis is required, until a few years ago, reference was made exclusively to instrumental methods (more or less hyphenated) which, once validated, were able to provide the answers to the questions present, even if only in a limited way to analytical targets. Nowadays, the landscape has become considerably complicated (natural adulterants, assessment of geographical origin, sophistication, need for non-destructive analysis, search for often unknown compounds), and new procedures for processing data have greatly increased the potential of analyses that are conducted (even routinely) in the laboratory. In this scenario, chemometrics is master, able to manage and process a huge amount of information based both on data relating only to the analytes of interest, but also by applying “general” procedures to process raw untargeted analysis data. It is within this strand of analysis that many of the works reported in this Special Issue fall. In the succession of works in this printed version, the criterion that guided us was to highlight how—starting exclusively from chromatographic techniques (HPLC and GC) with conventional detectors and moving to exclusively spectroscopic techniques (MS, FT-IR and Raman)—it is possible arrive at extremely powerful coupled techniques and procedures (HPLC and FT-IR) able to meet research needs. Finally, at the end of the printed volume, there are two reviews that surveying the state of the art regarding the assessment of authenticity through qualitative analyses and the application of chemometrics in the pharmaceutical field in the study of forced drug degradation products. From the succession of works (and, above all, from the various application fields) it can immediately be seen how the application of chemometrics and its procedures to both raw and processed data is a powerful means of obtaining robust, reproducible, and predictive information. In this manner, it is possible to create models able to explain and respond to the original problem in a much more detailed way. , and Honghe through Fourier transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectra combined with partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), random forest (RF), and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) methods. Melucci and collaborators apply chemometric approaches to non-destructive analysis of ATR-FT-IR for the determination of biosilica content. This value was directly evaluated in sediment samples, without any chemical alteration, using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, and the quantification was performed by combining the multivariate standard addition method (MSAM) with the net analyte signal (NAS) procedure to solve the strong matrix effect of sediment samples. Still in the food and food supplements field, Anguebes-Franseschi and collaborators report an article where 10 chemometric models based on Raman spectroscopy were applied to predict the physicochemical properties of honey produced in the state of Campeche, Mexico.

Cet ouvrage collectif, qui rassemble vingt et un textes de chercheurs confirmés et de doctorants prometteurs, explore une part trop fréquemment restée dans l’ombre de l’histoire de l’art : la responsabilité plurielle de l’aspect des œuvres d’art visuel ou d’arts décoratifs, ou « invention partagée », du xiiie au xxie siècle. Davantage que création au sens de mise en œuvre matérielle d’un projet d’artiste, cette notion recouvre une dynamique de l’invention, suscitée collectivement et à laquelle participent artistes, ouvriers, commanditaires et directeurs artistiques, sans oublier le hasard, acteur inévitable dans cette chorégraphie. Cette notion, dont le fondement philosophique pré-socratique et thomiste fut éclipsé par la théorie platonicienne du génie véhiculée par Vasari, est illustrée ici dans les domaines les plus variés : gravure, vitrail, émail, sculpture, tapisserie, céramique, art des jardins et du paysage. À travers les réflexions proposées, se profile un monde visuel foisonnant où l’esprit et la main d’auteurs multiples concourent à l’avènement d’œuvres riches de sens et d’histoire.

Themenheft 29: Die Konstitution der Medienpädagogik. Zwischen interdisziplinärem Forschungsfeld und bildungswissenschaftlicher (Sub-) Disziplin. Herausgegeben von Christian Swertz, Wolfgang B. Ruge, Alexander Schmölz und Alessandro Barberi

Covering an introductory chapter, a commentary and nine full chapters published as protocol, experimental, theoretical, or empirical studies, this publication depicts the voices, perceptions, experiences and developmental outcomes of adolescents and emerging adults from countries located in four continents: Africa, Asia, Europe, and South America. Individually and collectively, the different book chapters address how social justice and equity can be advanced from a Positive Youth Development perspective during these challenging times of globalization and digitalization, as well as when facing a global health emergency, such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic. The observations and opinions of authors, corresponding to the diverse countries and continents represented in this book, signify the different ways a just and equitable society can be created for young people. Throughout the pages of this book, the importance of including the voices and choices of young people in research, policy and intervention becomes apparent to be able to promote and build a more just society.