Open Access Books

Surface Mount Technology (SMT) is the primary method of permanently mounting electronic components on a substrate. A decisive improvement in the quality of the connection technologies is achieved by increasing the reliability of the solder joints and reducing heat dissipation. The soldering oven technology in combination with an overpressure module enables void-free solder joints. However, the configuration of the process-related mechanism has not yet been fully investigated. In addition, the method offered in the market is energy-intensive, and a deep understanding of the resource flow into the process is mandatory if minimization of consumption is to be achieved. This study deals with a multi-criteria/overall optimization solution based on a trade-off model for quality, energy, cost and time criteria. The approach to find the optimal solution for each criterion is possible. However, a holistically optimized multi-criteria solution is not possible. Using significance analysis a criteria approach for the overpressure soldering process is defined to maximize or minimize each goal/criterion using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) modeling approach. A compromise model has been developed, which enables the decision maker to achieve the setup goal while considering the conflicting requirements in the best possible approach.

Metadata is a key aspect of our evolving infrastructure for information management, social computing, and scientific collaboration. DC-2008 will focus on metadata challenges, solutions, and innovation in initiatives and activities underlying semantic and social applications. Metadata is part of the fabric of social computing, which includes the use of wikis, blogs, and tagging for collaboration and participation. Metadata also underlies the development of semantic applications, and the Semantic Web — the representation and integration of multimedia knowledge structures on the basis of semantic models. These two trends flow together in applications such as Wikipedia, where authors collectively create structured information that can be extracted and used to enhance access to and use of information sources. Recent discussion has focused on how existing bibliographic standards can be expressed as Semantic Web vocabularies to facilitate the ingration of library and cultural heritage data with other types of data. Harnessing the efforts of content providers and end-users to link, tag, edit, and describe their information in interoperable ways (”participatory metadata”) is a key step towards providing knowledge environments that are scalable, self-correcting, and evolvable. DC-2008 will explore conceptual and practical issues in the development and deployment of semantic and social applications to meet the needs of specific communities of practice.

Neuf enquêtes de jeunes chercheurs en sciences sociales examinent de façon transversale le politique au sein des sociétés latino-américaines : politiques sociales au Brésil et du logement au Venezuela ; extractivisme et anti-extractivisme au Mexique et en Équateur ; travail et action syndicale au Chili ; participation des populations indigènes et des femmes au Guatemala et au Mexique ; régulation de la violence et de la contestation en Colombie. Conjuguant les approches « macro » ou « par le haut » du monde social (institutions, régimes, crises, élites), et celles dites « micro » ou « par le bas » (marginalisation, subalternité, mobilisations protestataires), le livre saisit les modalités de reproduction de l’ordre social dans des contextes régulièrement marqués par des alternances gouvernementales placées sous le signe de la « rupture ». À rebours des catégorisations partisanes et des démarches classificatoires, il identifie ainsi quelques-unes des logiques clé par lesquelles les alternances critiques s’accommodent, se nourrissent, invisibilisent ou redéploient les structures fondamentales des dominations ordinaires.

The book presents a collection of papers focused on recent progress in key areas of photogrammetry for environmental research. Applications oriented to the understanding of natural phenomena and quantitative processes using dataset from photogrammetry (from satellite to unmanned aerial vehicle images) and terrestrial laser scanning, also by a diachronic approach, are reported. The book covers topics of interest of many disciplines from geography, geomorphology, engineering geology, geotechnology, including landscape description and coastal studies. Mains issues faced by the book are related to applications on coastal monitoring, using multitemporal aerial images, and investigations on geomorphological hazard by the joint use of proximal photogrammetry, terrestrial and aerial laser scanning aimed to the reconstruction of detailed surface topography and successive 2D/3D numerical simulations for rock slope stability analyses. Results reported in the book bring into evidence the fundamental role of multitemporal surveys and reliable reconstruction of morphologies from photogrammetry and laser scanning as support to environmental researches.

Este libro nace de la voluntad ethopolítica de un grupo de amigos que son ante todo amigos, sin dejar de ser académicos e intelectuales, cada uno especializado en un campo, la gran mayoría con formaciones doctorales y todos docentes universitarios, que quisimos hacer un esfuerzo autónomo, por fuera de nuestras filiaciones institucionales, de ofrecer explicaciones y representaciones de futuro precisas, aunque discutibles, ligadas a nuestros campos de investigación. Así, este volumen nace del compromiso de ayudar a pensar y a representarnos el futuro en medio de la crisis y la incertidumbre y para ello, como bien lo ha señalado nuestro amigo Fernando Patiño, aborda los pilares ontológicos de nuestra sociedad: amor, trabajo, salud, educación, lazo social, entre otros. No hay aquí certezas, ni verdades absolutas, solo el interés de proveer alguna explicación sobre lo que estamos viviendo como humanidad, ser el tiempo y los lectores quienes juzguen la pertinencia y validez de nuestras aproximaciones.

Si raccolgono in volume nove contributi di altrettante autrici dedicati a figure di tipografi, editori e librai minori attivi sul territorio italiano tra il XVI e il XIX secolo e a collezioni bibliografiche site in diverse zone del territorio nazionale. Le autrici affrontano temi legati alla nascita e ai passaggi di mano di alcune officine tipografiche, alla concessione delle licenze di stampa, agli acquisti, alla manifattura e alla diffusione di esemplari di specifiche raccolte, a polemiche sorte in merito alla vendita e alla diffusione di libri.

Multifunctional hybrid materials based on polymers have already displayed excellent commitment in addressing and presenting solutions to existing demands in priority areas such as the environment, human health, and energy. These hybrid materials can lead to unique superior multifunction materials with a broad range of envisaged applications. However, their design, performance, and practical applications are still challenging. Thus, it is highly advantageous to provide a breakthrough in state-of-the-art manufacturing and scale-up technology to design and synthesize advanced multifunctional hybrid materials based on polymers with improved performance.The main objective of this interdisciplinary book is to bring together, at an international level, high-quality elegant collection of reviews and original research articles dealing with polymeric hybrid materials within different areas such as the following:- Biomaterials chemistry, physics, engineering, and processing;- Polymer chemistry, physics and engineering;- Organic chemistry;- Composites science;- Colloidal chemistry and physics;- Porous nanomaterials science;- Energy storage; and- Automotive and aerospace manufacturing.

How can it be, that only as much happens as fits into the newspaper the next day? (K. Valentin). Information of the past has to be organised, arranged and selected. The process of selection must be seen as the fundamental moment of making History. This book shows selection as creative act. With the richness of early medieval material it can be demonstrated that creative selection was omnipresent and took place even in unexpected text genres.

Open Access Musicology (OAM) publishes peer-reviewed, scholarly essays primarily intended to serve students and teachers of music history, ethno/musicology, and music studies. The constantly evolving collection ensures that recent research and scholarship inspires classroom practice. OAM essays provide diverse and methodologically transparent models for student research, and they introduce different modes of inquiry to inspire classroom discussion and varied assignments. Addressing a range of histories, methods, voices, and sounds, OAM embraces changes and tensions in the field to help students understand music scholarship. In service of our student- and access-centered mission, Open Access Musicology is a free collection of essays, written in an engaging style and with a focus on modes of inquiry rather than coverage of content. Our authors draw from their experience as scholars but also as teachers. They not only make arguments, but also describe why they became musicologists in the first place and explain how their individual paths led to the topics they explore. Like most scholarly literature, the essays have all been reviewed by experts in the field. Unlike most scholarly literature, the essays have also been reviewed by students at a variety of institutions for clarity and relevance. These essays are intended for undergraduates, graduate students, and interested readers without any particular expertise. They can be incorporated into courses on a range of topics as standalone readings, used to supplement textbooks, or read with an eye to new scholarly insights. The topics introduce and explore a variety of subjects, practices, and methods but, above all, seek to stimulate classroom discussion on music history’s relevance to performers, listeners, and citizens. Open Access Musicology will never pretend to present complete histories, cover all elements of a subject, or satisfy the agenda of every reader. Rather, each essay provides an opening to further contemplation and study. We invite readers to follow the thematic links between essays, pursue notes or other online resources provided by authors, or simply repurpose the essay’s questions into new and exciting forms of research and creativity. Volume 2 of OAM expands the disciplinary, topical, and geographical ranges of our endeavor, with essays that rely on ethnographic and music theoretical methods as well as historical ones. The essays in this volume touch on music from Europe, South America, and Asia, spanning the 16th century to the present. Throughout, the contributing authors situate music in political, religious, racial, economic, and other cultural and disciplinary contexts. This volume therefore expands what scholars generally mean when they refer to “musicology” and “music,” always with an eye toward relevance and accessibility.

The Swash Channel Wreck is an account of the discovery, excavation and analysis of an early 17th-century Dutch shipwreck. The wreck is most likely the Dutch West Indiaman Fame of Hoorn, lost in the Swash Channel in the approaches to Poole Harbour in February 1631. The site was initially found during dredging operations in the channel in 1990. In 2006, it was re-discovered by Wessex Archaeology, and Poole Harbour Commissioners partnered with Bournemouth University to undertake the monitoring and recording of the site. The remains are of a large c. 40m structure consisting of the port side of the ship from the turn of the bilge to the top of the upperworks, with associated wreckage which includes the ship’s rudder, a multitude of rigging items, and a small collection of finds that consist mainly of domestic and provisioning items and the ship’s armament.By 2009, it was clear that the site was rapidly eroding and English Heritage commissioned Bournemouth University to conduct one of the largest underwater excavations in the UK since the excavation of the Mary Rose in the 1980s. This occurred between 2010 and 2013 and involved the excavation and recording of the first 18m of the bow and the last 12m of the stern, leaving the 12m midship section unexcavated. In addition, a large section of the upperworks and the first 6m of the bow were deemed to be too exposed to protect in situ and therefore were raised and recorded in high detail between 2014 and 2015.The wreck proved to be the largest survival of the hull of any 17th-century ship in UK waters and one of the most complete 17th-century Dutch shipwrecks outside of the Baltic. The ship’s construction and material culture confirm its origin as a Dutch vessel lost in the early part of the 17th century. The hull has immediate parallels with the wreck of the Swedish warship Vasa, lost in Sweden in 1628, and the Dutch East Indiaman Batavia, lost in Western Australia in 1629, and exhibits characteristics of both. The circumstances of the Swash wreck provided the opportunity to dismantle the structure and study in greater detail the timbers from which it was constructed.Contemporary clearance work and probably salvage meant that with the site did not yield a large number of finds but those that remained provide an insight into life on board, the makeup of the crew, and the ship’s armament, as well as allowing the reconstruction of sections of the ship’s rigging.

Les Enseignemens ou Ordenances pour un Siegneur qui a Guerres et Grans Gouvernemens a Faire, often referred to as Les enseignements, was a military manual by Theodore I, Marquess of Montferrat (1290-1338). Originally composed in Greek in 1326-27 while Theodore was in Constantinople, it exists now only in the medieval French translation of Jean de Vignay. This edition, in French text throughout, presents that surviving form of the Enseignements. This book, originally published in paperback in 1983 under the ISBN 978-0-900547-86-7, was made Open Access in 2024 as part of the MHRA Revivals programme.

The theme of ’The Impact of Engineering Practices on a Sustainable Built Environment’ emphasises the importance of considering various dimensions of resilient infrastructure. Selecting the location for a Hyperscale Data Centre is a crucial process that involves assessing the impact of various location variables. To determine the viability of a location, it is essential to identify the potential risks associated with each variable. This paper presents a proprietary methodological approach that includes a Delphi study to identify risks, a Likert scoring system to assess prior probabilities, and a Bayesian theory-based decision tree to assess the impact through risk prediction. The paper's contributions are significant, and the proposed methodology makes it possible to predict the risk level of each location variable by identifying the appropriate contingency percentage. The study's findings indicate that the paper's proposed approach is an effective way to mitigate the risks associated with selecting a location for a Hyperscale Data Centre. Embracing this knowledge allows us to align research and practise with the conference’s call to studying the resilience of buildings and infrastructure to natural disasters and climate change, and developing strategies for adaptation and mitigation, ensuring that these practises become integral to shaping the future of Data Centres

Inhalt: R. Henn, Expansionsmodelle vom v. Neumannschen Typ - G. Bombach, Optimales Wachstum und Gleichgewichtswachstum - E. von Böventer, Die Struktur der Landschaft. Versuch einer Synthese und Weiterentwicklung der Modelle J. H. von Thünens, W. Christallers und A. Löschs. Die freie Verfügbarkeit dieser E-Book-Ausgabe auf Basis einer CC BY 4.0-Lizenz wurde ermöglicht durch die ZBW – Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft.

Nineteenthcentury psychologist and pragmatist philosopher William James is rarely considered a political theorist. Renowned as the author of The Principles of Psychology and The Varieties of Religious Experience, James is often viewed as a radical individualist with no interest in politics; yet he was a critic of imperialism and absolutism and an advocate of tolerance, and his writing includes a penetrating analysis of political psychology.This first book by a political theorist devoted exclusively to James's theory argues that political concerns were in fact central to his intellectual work. Joshua Miller links James to the contemporary public dialogue by treating him as a theorist of action and exploring the complexities of that theory. He also relates the philosopher's thought to his own political experiences and observations andby explicating, criticizing, and meditating on Jamesdevelops provocative new ideas about issues facing democracy today.At the heart of the book is James's description of the "democratic temperament," which comprises a willingness to act, the placing of public good ahead of private comfort, generosity toward one's opponents, and mutual respect among citizens of different viewpoints, races, genders, classes, and religions. Miller sees this temperament as a healthy corrective to the meanspiritedness that characterizes so much current political discourse, which is precisely what makes James's insights so relevant to today's political environment. By revealing how James speaks to the paradoxical condition of modern political existencewithdrawal from public life combined with fanatical actionMiller shows how James's views apply to the possibility and problems of reviving participatory democracy in our era.Scholars who have never considered the political aspects of James's work will find in this study a new way of approaching him and of reconsidering radical democracy, while readers unfamiliar with James will find it a highly accessible introduction to a significant aspect of his thought. Democratic Temperament clearly shows that James deserves to be read not only for his recognized genius but also for his fresh and unexpected insights into the possibilities and paradoxes of American democratic political consciousness.

Water stress in plants is caused by the water deficit, as induced possibly by drought or high soil salinity. The prime consequence of water stress in plants is the disruption in the agricultural production, resulting in food shortage. The plants, however, try to adapt to the stress conditions using biochemical and physiological interventions. The edited compilation is an attempt to provide new insights into the mechanism and adaptation aspects of water stress in plants through a thoughtful mixture of viewpoints. We hope that the content of the book will be useful for the researchers working with the plant diversity-related environmental aspects and also provide suggestions for the strategists.