Open Access Books

At the beginning of the twenty-firstst century, separation processes presented a comprehensive application of the major operations performed by various industries, such as chemical, food, environmental, and biotechnology. Sorption, one of the preferred separation processes because of its effectiveness at different interfaces, has caught the attention of many scientists. This book is aimed at gaining a general knowledge of sorption and a number of extremely important applications, as well as recognizing its functions and paramount importance in chemical and biochemical plants, including environmental treatment. Moreover, progress in the phenomenon is highlighted in this book. To help provide instruction in the important sorption processes, we have chosen authors who have extensive industrial and academic experience in closing the gap between theory and practice. Crucial progress in the theoretical information section of sorption has been achieved, mainly through the development of new techniques that examine the usage of various sorbents, including nanomaterials for the removal of various pollutants. We have subdivided the book into several sections, one of which is focused on applications of the sorption process, which presents real results of the recent studies and gives a source of up-to-date literature. The relationship between the sorption process and isotherm and kinetics modeling is analyzed in another chapter. This book will be a reference book for those who are interested in sorption techniques from various industries.

En dépit de leur importance, les productions culturelles dans les pays du Moyen-Orient et de l’Afrique du Nord restent encore relativement peu traitées par les chercheurs en sciences sociales travaillant sur cette zone. Cet ouvrage tente modestement de combler cette lacune en rassemblant des enquêtes de terrain portant sur quelques processus contemporains de production et de circulation des biens culturels depuis, entre et vers les pays du Moyen-Orient et de l’Afrique du Nord. Plus précisément, il propose une triple interrogation autour des différentes formes d’hétéronomie des univers de production culturelle. La première entrée s’articule autour de la pertinence de l’opposition « public »/« privé » à partir de l’exemple du secteur des médias dans plusieurs pays de la région MENA : l’Égypte, le Liban et la Tunisie. Les auteur.e.s convergent pour montrer que les économies des espaces médiatiques demeurent très liées au fonctionnement des champs politiques et des champs du pouvoir nationaux. La deuxième interrogation porte sur les processus de la circulation transnationale de biens culturels (littérature iranienne, cinéma hindi au Moyen-Orient, action culturelle de la France dans la péninsule Arabique) en insistant sur la nécessité de prendre en compte leurs logiques multiples (culturelles, économiques et politiques notamment) dans une perspective historique. Le dernier volet questionne les productions culturelles à partir de positions dominées en s’appuyant sur les exemples des agents de la scène électro underground en Tunisie, de l’espace littéraire palestinien, de l’univers de la presse palestinienne ou encore de celui de la mode au Maroc. Les auteur.e.s proposent ainsi une étude des mécanismes de domination qui pèsent sur leurs productions et leurs diffusions.

Cake products with highly acceptable flavor and mouthfeel are not always successful in the marketplace. Sales of identical cake products sold in two different bakery shops often differ. Patrons’ choices of specific cake items differ depending on menu designs at restaurants. Such examples suggest that consumer behavior related to eating, preparing, or purchasing foods and beverages is typically complex, dynamic, and sensitive to environmental cues surrounding them. The nine original research articles and two systematic review articles addressed in this book provide recent informative and insightful findings on how sensory cues related to eating/drinking environmental contexts can serve as “sensory nudges” that induce healthy eating and drinking along with consumer satisfaction.

The eight articles published in this Special Issue present original, empirical research, using various methods of data collection and analysis, in relation to topics that are pertinent to the study of Islam and Muslims in Australia. The contributors include long-serving scholars in the field, mid-career researchers, and early career researchers who represent many of Australia’s universities engaged in Islamic and Muslim studies, including the Australian National University, Charles Sturt University, Deakin University, Griffith University, and the University of Newcastle. The topics covered in this Special Issue include how Muslim Australians understand Islam (Rane et al. 2020); ethical and epistemological challenges facing Islamic and Muslim studies researchers (Mansouri 2020); Islamic studies in Australia’s university sector (Keskin and Ozalp 2021); Muslim women’s access to and participation in Australia’s mosques (Ghafournia 2020); religion, belonging and active citizenship among Muslim youth in Australia (Ozalp and Ćufurović), the responses of Muslim community organizations to Islamophobia (Cheikh Hussain 2020); Muslim ethical elites (Roose 2020); and the migration experiences of Hazara Afghans (Parkes 2020).

Depuis la révolution tunisienne, le pays a attiré nombre de chercheurs, de journalistes et d’experts. Les articles et les discours médiatiques ont foisonné sur les mobilisations sociales et politiques, les résultats des élections d’octobre 2011, les démêlés avec la justice de militants et d’artistes. Cependant, si la révolution puis la victoire électorale des islamistes ont placé la Tunisie au centre des actualités internationales, les relations entre les artistes et les institutions autoritaires, les conditions socio-économiques de création et les rapports de sexe dans les mondes de l’art demeurent inconnus. Fondé sur une longue enquête de terrain, cet ouvrage comble ces manques en menant une analyse détaillée de l’univers littéraire tunisien et des rapports sociaux de sexe qui le traversent jusqu’à la révolution. Il ôte à la Tunisie, souvent présentée comme à part, son statut d’exception. Il rend enfin intelligibles, au-delà du cas de ce pays, les manières dont se reproduisent les rapports de sexe et les modes de domination en contexte autoritaire.

The recognition of the exceptional chemical and biological properties of vanadium compounds has led, in recent decades, to extensive research exploring their chemistry, biochemistry, and medicinal chemistry. Due to the prospective application of vanadium compounds as therapeutic agents against diseases such as diabetes, cancer and those provoked by parasites and bacteria, vanadium coordination chemistry and biochemistry has been an area of extensive research. Currently, the most promising potential uses of vanadium compounds are as nutritional supplements and as anticancer agents potentiated by immunotherapy. Nevertheless, researchers from all over the world are dedicating their efforts to vanadium research related to other potential therapeutic applications of vanadium compounds and to obtain insights into their beneficial effects on health and their modes of action. This Special Issue collected research contributions focused on recent advances in vanadium chemistry, biochemistry, and medicinal chemistry. I expect that this collection will have a great impact on the future direction of vanadium research.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), discovered in 1991, have been a subject of intensive research for a wide range of applications. In the past decades, although carbon nanotubes have undergone massive research, considering the success of silicon, it has, nonetheless, been difficult to appreciate the potential influence of carbon nanotubes in current technology. The main objective of this book is therefore to give a wide variety of possible applications of carbon nanotubes in many industries related to electron device technology. This should allow the user to better appreciate the potential of these innovating nanometer sized materials. Readers of this book should have a good background on electron devices and semiconductor device physics as this book presents excellent results on possible device applications of carbon nanotubes. This book begins with an analysis on fabrication techniques, followed by a study on current models, and it presents a significant amount of work on different devices and applications available to current technology.

Valendo-se de uma profunda revisão teórica e de entrevistas concedidas por discentes e docentes, a obra discute a formação de profissionais de enfermagem, evidenciando diferenças entre as metodologias de ensino-aprendizagem tradicionais e as Metodologias Ativas e o modo como elas interferem no processo de construção de conhecimento. A autora propõe uma importante reflexão sobre os avanços e percalços das instituições de ensino superior em ofertar cursos que integrem teoria e prática. Busca-se, dessa forma, promover o aprimoramento dos métodos pedagógicos, para que os profissionais formados estejam mais bem preparados para atender à população.

The present book contains 14 papers published in the Special Issue “Differential Geometry” of the journal Mathematics. They represent a selection of the 30 submissions. This book covers a variety of both classical and modern topics in differential geometry. We mention properties of both rectifying and affine curves, the geometry of hypersurfaces, angles in Minkowski planes, Euclidean submanifolds, differential operators and harmonic forms on Riemannian manifolds, complex manifolds, contact manifolds (in particular, Sasakian and trans-Sasakian manifolds), curvature invariants, and statistical manifolds and their submanifolds (in particular, Hessian manifolds). We wish to mention that among the authors, there are both well-known geometers and young researchers. The authors are from countries with a tradition in differential geometry: Belgium, China, Greece, Japan, Korea, Poland, Romania, Spain, Turkey, and United States of America. Many of these papers were already cited by other researchers in their articles. This book is useful for specialists in differential geometry, operator theory, physics, and information geometry as well as graduate students in mathematics.

Recent years have witnessed an increase in the use of advanced data analysis methods in biomedical, clinical, and epidemiological research. The aim of this reprint is to highlight the practical aspects of new data analysis methods and to provide insights into the challenges in biostatistics and data science. By considering recent developments in medical technology, the reprint includes novel approaches in the field of medical statistics and data science, covering meta-analysis, the assessment of clinical outcomes, machine learning, medical diagnostics, and genomic factors.

Since the revival of maggot therapy in Western wound care approximately thirty years ago, there has been no comprehensive synthesis of what is known about its clinical practice, supply chain management, and social dimensions. This edited volume fills the information vacuum and, importantly, makes the current state of knowledge freely accessible. It is the first to provide sound, evidence-based information and guidance covering the entire supply chain from production to treatment. The chapters are arranged in five parts presenting the latest on clinical practice, the principles of therapeutic action, medicinal maggot production, distribution logistics, and the ethical dimensions of maggot therapy. The contributors have paid particular attention to the challenges encountered in compromised, low-resource healthcare settings such as disasters, conflict, and poverty. There are still many barriers to the widespread uptake of maggot therapy in healthcare settings. This book will be essential reading for a global audience of doctors, nurses, allied healthcare providers, students, and entrepreneurs with an interest in maggot-assisted wound care. It will be the go-to reference for those who plan, regulate, and coordinate healthcare, and want to establish a maggot therapy program, particularly in low- and middle-income and other compromised healthcare settings where maggot therapy can provide much-needed, affordable, and efficacious wound care.

This book is an analysis of the literary censorship that Acción Cató?lica (AC) implemented in Spain, through the Secretariat of Bibliographic Orientation (SOB) during the 1940s. The text delves into this system of trial and cultural control to demonstrate that AC imposed its own ideology on its members, redefining literature until turning it into another tool of its social indoctrination. As a consequence, it is demonstrated that AC questioned? the discursive authoritarianism of the Franco regime and, based on the work of literary criticism and the analyzed censor reports, a new perspective is provided from which to reconsider the relationship between Catholicism and the dictatorship. The study of the disagreements and ideological conflicts that arose within the regime reveals the existence of differentiated discourses in both institutions, thus breaking the illusion of homogeneity and apparent harmony. The work is presented as a novel approach to the strategies of cultural repression adopted by the dictatorship and the Church in the postwar period that opens an alternative door for the analysis of the mechanisms of intellectual and social control in that period and, in addition, it connects the existing bibliography about the changing and complex nature of Francoism with cultural studies.

Due to the intensive development of the global economy, many problems are constantly emerging connected to the safety of ships’ motion in the context of increasing marine traffic. These problems seem to be especially significant for the further development of marine transportation services, with the need to considerably increase their efficiency and reliability. One of the most commonly used approaches to ensuring safety and efficiency is the wide implementation of various automated systems for guidance and control, including such popular systems as marine autopilots, dynamic positioning systems, speed control systems, automatic routing installations, etc. This Special Issue focuses on various problems related to the analysis, design, modelling, and operation of the aforementioned systems. It covers such actual problems as tracking control, path following control, ship weather routing, course keeping control, control of autonomous underwater vehicles, ship collision avoidance. These problems are investigated using methods such as neural networks, sliding mode control, genetic algorithms, L2-gain approach, optimal damping concept, fuzzy logic and others. This Special Issue is intended to present and discuss significant contemporary problems in the areas of automatic control and the routing of marine vessels.

This open access book provides a comprehensive overview of the health inequities and human rights issues faced by sex workers globally across diverse contexts, and outlines evidence-based strategies and best practices. Sex workers face severe health and social inequities, largely as the result of structural factors including punitive and criminalized legal environments, stigma, and social and economic exclusion and marginalization. Although previous work has largely emphasized an elevated burden and gaps in HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) services in sex work, less attention has been paid to the broader health and human rights concerns faced by sex workers. This contributed volume addresses this gap. The chapters feature a variety of perspectives including academic, community, implementing partners, and government to synthesize research evidence as well as lessons learned from local-level experiences across different regions, and are organized under three parts: Burden of health and human rights inequities faced by sex workers globally, including infectious diseases (e.g., HIV, STIs), violence, sexual and reproductive health, and drug use Structural determinants of health and human rights, including legislation, law enforcement, community engagement, intersectoral collaboration, stigma, barriers to health access, im/migration issues, and occupational safety and health Evidence-based services and best practices at various levels ranging from individual and community to policy-level interventions to identify best practices and avenues for future research and interventions Sex Work, Health, and Human Rights is an essential resource for researchers, policy-makers, governments, implementing partners, international organizations and community-based organizations involved in research, policies, or programs related to sex work, public health, social justice, gender-based violence, women's health and harm reduction.

Remains of the Social is an interdisciplinary volume of essays that engages with what ‘the social’ might mean after apartheid; a condition referred to as ‘the post-apartheid social’. The volume grapples with apartheid as a global phenomenon that extends beyond the borders of South Africa between 1948 and 1994 and foregrounds the tension between the weight of lived experience that was and is apartheid, the structures that condition that experience and a desire for a ‘post-apartheid social’ (think unity through difference). Collectively, the contributors argue for a recognition of the ‘the post-apartheid’ as a condition that names the labour of coming to terms with the ordering principles that apartheid both set in place and foreclosed. The volume seeks to provide a sense of the terrain on which ‘the post-apartheid’ - as a desire for a difference that is not apartheid’s difference - unfolds, falters and is worked through.