Open Access Books

For architecture and urban space to have relevance in the 21st Century, we cannot merely reignite the approaches of thought and design that were operative in the last century. This is despite, or because of, the nexus between politics and space often being theorized as a representation or by-product of politics. As a symbol or an effect, the spatial dimension is depoliticized. Consequently, architecture and the urban are halted from fostering any systematic change as they are secondary to the event and therefore incapable of performing any political role. This handbook explores how architecture and urban space can unsettle the unquestioned construct of the spatial politics of governing. Considering both ongoing and unprecedented global problems – from violence and urban warfare, the refugee crisis, borderization, detention camps, terrorist attacks to capitalist urbanization, inequity, social unrest and climate change – this handbook provides a comprehensive and multidisciplinary research focused on the complex nexus of politics, architecture and urban space. Volume I starts by pointing out the need to explore the politics of spatialization to make sense of the operational nature of spatial oppression in contemporary times. The operative and active political reading of space is disseminated through five thematics: Violence and War Machines; Security and Borders; Race, Identity and Ideology; Spectacle and the Screen; and Mapping Landscapes and Big Data. This first volume of the handbook frames cutting-edge contemporary debates and presents studies of actual theories and projects that address spatial politics. This Handbook will be of interest to anyone seeking to meaningfully disrupt the reduction of space to an oppressive or neutral backdrop of political realities. Chapters 1 and 23 of this book are freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license.

This is a guidance manual designed to provide students enrolled in the second semester of the second year of the Social Education degree, or some of its subjects, with an idea of the Service-Learning (SL) experience they will experience during that period. This experience underpins the coordination between all the subjects that make up the second semester of the course. This coordination is developed within the practical part of each of the subjects involved. The contents of each section of this manual are explained below. The first section explains the educational innovation project that underpins the coordination between the aforementioned subjects, spelling out the project’s pedagogical framework, its objectives, the SL methodology, and the activities to be carried out, among other things. The second section contains the structure of the practical work to be completed by the microgroups. A single practical work covers all subjects. This structure indicates what must be done for each subject and for all (for example, the Introduction and Conclusions). Third, the presentation guidelines are shared, and, as an example, a schedule of how the presentations will be organized. Students will only make the presentation of the practical work once for all the subjects. In section four, it can be found a basic description of each subject, explaining how each one is structured and showing how they are linked to the SL project in its development. In some cases, the different subjects will also share a series of activities that could complement the training activities that will be carried out during the semester. Finally, in section five, each teacher provides an individual assessment of the project, based on their experience and taking into account anonymous student evaluations. This culminates with a joint meta-assessment of the main contributions that the educational innovation experience (through SL methodology) makes to the training of future social educators, presented graphically.

This reprint delves into the cutting-edge intersection of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), offering a comprehensive look at how these technologies are revolutionizing vegetation monitoring, target tracking, and various other applications. Featuring 15 in-depth articles, this Special Issue explores the potential of UAV multispectral and hyperspectral imagery for real-time dynamic monitoring and for the development of innovative methods for data interpretation. Some key features include, but are not limited to, the following: Focus on the application of AI techniques to process and model data from UAV sensors. Detailed analysis of UAV imagery in vegetation growth monitoring and dynamic target tracking. Topics include crop physical and chemical parameter inversion, crop growth monitoring, building extraction, and pest and disease forecasting. Novel approaches to extracting valuable information from UAV imagery. Essential reading for researchers, professionals, and students interested in UAV and AI integration.

As Wales marks a quarter of a century of devolved policymaking in education, this edited volume celebrates the successes of – and grapples critically with the ongoing challenges faced by – Wales’s education system. Researchers from across the UK education landscape pose critical questions: about the leadership of reform; about where responsibility lies for the successful implementation of a number of post-devolution policy innovations, such as the Foundation Phase and the Curriculum for Wales; about the nature and ownership of accountability; about how professionals can best be developed and supported to deliver the current ambitious reform journey; and about a great deal more. In answer to the recurring question of ‘by whom shall Wales be raised’, this volume suggests the responsibility lies with all of us, at every level and in every domain of an education system that is unrecognisable from that which preceded devolution, and which today continues to evolve apace.

This edited volume, for the first time, presents examples for three categories of university courses in teaching the history of technology and science: introductory courses, object-oriented teaching and interdisciplinary teaching. The resulting overview encourages to experiment with new formats in teaching the history of technology and science, to foster exchange on such efforts and, not the least, to more comprehensively appreciate engagement in university teaching.

Explore “About an Important Phenomenon—Water Hammer”, a groundbreaking Special Issue featuring insights from leading experts. When pressurized pipe flow is disrupted, water hammer—a once overlooked phenomenon—creates waves of importance in engineering, driving a dangerous surge.Dedicated to modeling water hammer and experimental verification, this Special Issue delves into contemporary water hammer discourse, tackling key challenges in fluid dynamics. It intertwines with related phenomena including fluid friction, cavitation, viscoelastic deformations, and fluid–structure interaction. Whether unraveling complexities or developing safeguarding methods, submissions enrich our understanding, enabling us to traverse historical origins, mathematical foundations, and contemporary dimensions. “About an Important Phenomenon—Water Hammer” is more than a publication; it is a platform for sharing insights and innovations shaping the future of fluid dynamics and practical engineering.

This dissertation is concerned with the largely forgotten Munich portraitist Friedrich August von Kaulbach (1850–1920). The focus is on the artist’s numerous portraits of women, which in their entirety offer new insights into the portrayal of female roles and identities in the art world of the German Empire. A systematic review of the extensive legacy in the artist’s villa in Bavaria and the integration of art-historical and socio-historical contextualization provide a comprehensive picture of Kaulbach's work and its significance for the development of portrait painting at the end of the 19th century. This research especially takes the portraits of women by the once celebrated “ladies’ portraitist” into account. These offer an insight into the social standing and expectations of ‘the woman’ at the end of 19th century. A second point of interest is the examination of the hand drawings contained in the artist's estate. Together with Kaulbach's biography, the analysis of the hand drawings and other archival documents provides new insights into the social-cultural context and allows assertions to be made about art production and the role of women in the art world of Kaulbach's time.

Originally published in 1980. A social historian of modern France, Robert Forster discovered a series of father-to-son letters that presented an unusual opportunity to trace in human terms the impact of institutions and cultural norms on eighteenth-century French society. From these letters and other family papers, Forster reconstructed a family biography of the Deponts of La Rochelle over four generations. Their story affords new insights into the workings of institutions—economic, religious, legal, administrative—the mentality of provincial notables, the world of Parisian high finance and salon society, and the response of a socially mobile family to the challenges of the century, climaxing in the French Revolution of 1789. Forster demonstrates how real people in an upwardly mobile family coped with their changing society, moved from overseas trade to local and then national office, managed their wealth, treated their children, and then parried the psychological shocks accompanying their ascent to status and power. It is the story not of a "class" response to abstract trends or forces identified by the historian in retrospect but of flesh-and-blood human beings grappling with day-to-day decisions and revealing a full range of human ambiguity and inconsistency. This study offers perspective on the emergence by 1800 of a new elite in France—a social amalgam of landlords, administrators, and professional men, inculcated with a national awareness and a cautious political liberalism. These were the notables who would govern France in the next century. Forster's approach, uncommon among social historians, combines narrative and analytical modes of historiography. Based on archival materials in La Rochelle and Paris, the book blends economic, social, cultural, and political history.

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Wie gehen Gesellschaften in Krisenzeiten mit kultureller Vielfalt um und auf welcher Wissensbasis werden Grenzziehungsprozesse in der Bevölkerung vollzogen? Daniela Simon zeichnet die konfliktreiche Entstehung und Umsetzung von Bevölkerungskategorien in politische Praxis anhand der Geschichte der Halbinsel Istrien in der späten Habsburgermonarchie nach. Dort entstand der Begriff des kulturellen »Hibridismus«, der Uneindeutigkeiten in der Kategorisierung der Bevölkerung bezeichnete, aber auch der Legitimierung von Gruppenzugehörigkeiten auf der Basis von Hybridität diente. Das »Modell Istrien« dient so als Blaupause für andere soziale Ordnungen, um Praktiken und Modi des Zusammenlebens in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart zu analysieren.

The book "Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience - Principles, Algorithms and Applications" will answer the following question and statements: System-level neural modeling: what and why? We know a lot about the brain! Need to integrate data: molecular/cellular/system levels. Complexity: need to abstract away higher-order principles. Models are tools to develop explicit theories, constrained by multiple levels (neural and behavioral). Key: models (should) make novel testable predictions on both neural and behavioral levels. Models are useful tools for guiding experiments. The hope is that the information provided in this book will trigger new researches that will help to connect basic neuroscience to clinical medicine.

This presentation deals with simulation studies that will be interpreted as numerical experiments. Porous structures are modelled in three dimensions (microstructure models). Heat transfer and pressure drop of the flow through a porosity is analysed using the numerical solution of the Navier-Stokes equations (CFD). Empirical correlations for simplified calculations are presented that can be used by engineers for rough estimates and design of components with porosities like metal foam.

Antiviral Strategies in the Treatment of Human and Animal Viral Infections provides a comprehensive overview of the most recent discoveries in the field of antiviral research. It covers topics like viral replication, immunological reactions, medication discovery, vaccine development, and clinical applications. It also provides a summary of the difficulties and possibilities in battling viral infections that affect both humans and animals. Antiviral Strategies in the Treatment of Human and Animal Viral Infections is a useful resource for researchers, doctors, veterinarians, and students who are interested in the prevention and treatment of viral infections

"Ecclesiastical institutions and actors were essential for the formation of normative orders in early modern Ibero-America. However, both legal historiography, due to its strong legalistic, state-centred imprint, and general historiography on colonial times, more inclined towards secular law, have only rarely discussed the contribution of ecclesiastical normativity to the formation of that normative texture which, in the historiographical tradition, has been called ‘derecho indiano’. In light of this situation, the Max Planck Institute for European Legal History has organised a series of seminars in different Latin American cities in order to offer an interdisciplinary forum dedicated to the research of ‘ecclesiastical normativities and institutions in Ibero-America’ between the 16th and 19th centuries. The present volume is the first in a series of publications that document the results of this cycle of seminars celebrated in Mexico City, Lima, Bogotá and São Paulo. The book, focusing on New Spain, is divided into five thematic parts. The first section presents investigations on canon law and moral theology that deal with characteristic aspects of multinormativity and the teaching of those disciplines in early modern times. The second section examines diocesan governance and ecclesiastical power in Mexico City and Puebla via statutes of the cathedral chapter, members of the ‘curia arzobispal’ and pertinent legal opinions. In the third section, the contributors reflect on the normativity and administration of sacraments, drawing on conciliar norms, treatises, pragmatic literature but as well on registers of baptisms and confessions. The fourth section deals with ethnic groups in courts of justice, both civil and ecclesiastic ones: indigenous people accused of ‘hechicería’ in a tribunal of Tlaxcala and Afro-Mexicans who started litigation in the archiepiscopal court of Mexico. The articles of the fifth section cover the topics of beatification, devotion and cultural expressions (music, images) from a normative perspective and extend the period of investigation to the 19th century. The articles on ecclesiastical institutions and normativities in New Spain collected in this volume propose new research fields for legal history and the history of the Church, which at the same time are relevant for social and cultural history. The editors’ purpose has been to present approaches that explore the relationship between different types of normativities, their local adaptations, the ties with global debates, the forms of solving conflicts, as well as the role of jurists, theologians and other actors. The topics discussed by the authors represented in this volume – who cultivate the disciplines of history, legal history, church history, ethnohistory, art history and the history of music – contribute to a better understanding of the normative religious universe in Spanish America."

À la fin du Moyen Âge, la noblesse jouait déjà à imiter les chevaliers de la Table Ronde. Aujourd’hui encore, notre rapport à l’époque médiévale reste intimement lié à l’esprit du jeu, des déguisements enfantins aux jeux vidéo, du spectacle vivant aux grands et petits écrans, des univers de Fantasy et autres jeux littéraires aux reconstitutions historiques. Quand l’érudition rencontre l’imagination, la re-création d’un Moyen Âge récréatif tient-elle d’un plaisir puéril ou d’une démarche esthé­tique, d’une fascination nostalgique ou d’une démocrati­sation des savoirs historiques ? Pour mieux comprendre l’inflation considérable des jeux médiévalisants du XIXe au XXIe siècle, ce volume réunit les travaux de chercheurs en sciences humaines et de praticiens, professionnels de la conservation ou de la médiation du patrimoine, scénaristes, musiciens... et joueurs à l’occasion. Cette perspective interdisciplinaire offre des rapprochements féconds sur des sujets encore peu abordés : pratiques proprement ludiques, mais aussi arts du spectacle et fictions populaires.