Open Access Books

Plants produce a wide range of phytochemicals, known as non-nutrition compounds, to confirm their identity, and they are used for the production of natural pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and functional food, among other things, due to their pro-health properties. The use of modern chromatographic techniques allows for accurate quantitative and qualitative identification of the above-mentioned phytochemicals and their natural products. Liquid chromatography is one of the most efficient and robust specific techniques due to the merits of convenience and strong separation ability, as well as a wide range of material applications for identification. Liquid chromatography is widely used to analyze plants, nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics and in natural product quality control or quantitative determination of bioactive compounds. The most commonly used for identifying different plant materials and pharmaceuticals are ultra- and high-performance liquid chromatography with UV-VIS, fluorescence, and diode array, which is equipped with mass spectrometry or tandem mass spectrometry detection methods. Therefore, for this Special Issue, we published studies concerning the latest scientific news, insights, and advances in the field of innovation of liquid chromatography for the analysis of bioactive compounds for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and functional food interests.

Real time operating systems

Angesichts des hohen Nebenstromverhältnisses moderner Flugtriebwerke wird die Einführung eines Getriebes zwischen Niederdruckturbine und Fan attraktiv. Ein solches Getriebe stellt aufgrund der hohen übertragenen Leistung und den stark gegensätzlichen Forderungen nach geringem Gewicht, geringem Bauraum, hoher Zuverlässigkeit und hohem Wirkungsgrad eine große Herausforderung dar und erfordert die genaue Kenntnis aller beteiligten Vorgänge. Einer dieser Vorgänge ist der Wärmeübergang durch Einspritzkühlung. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine neuartige experimentelle Methode vorgestellt, mit der dieser am rotierenden Zahnrad ortsaufgelöst und mit hoher Genauigkeit bestimmt werden kann. Der Wärmeübergang wird mit dieser Methode für einen breiten Betriebsbereich ermittelt. Der Einfluss von Ölvolumenstrom, Drehzahl und Düsenwinkel auf den Wärmeübergang wird anhand dieser ortsaufgelösten Daten erstmalig beschrieben. Es zeigt sich die Existenz einer kritischen Drehzahl, bei deren Überschreitung ein deutlicher Rückgang des Wärmeübergangs auftritt. Durch Verwendung eines kinematischen Modells des Ölaufpralls können die beobachteten Zusammenhänge erklärt werden. Örtlich aufgelöste Messungen des Wärmeübergangs sind durch die vorliegende Arbeit erstmalig und für einen weiten Parameterbereich verfügbar. Dies versetzt den Entwickler in die Lage, eine ausreichende Kühlung der Zahnflanken sicherzustellen, ohne dabei Wirkungsgradverluste durch zu hohe eingesetzte Ölvolumenströme zu riskieren.

Loyalty is one of the main assets of a brand. In today’s markets, achieving and maintaining loyal customers has become an increasingly complex challenge for brands due to the widespread acceptance and adoption of diverse technologies by which customers communicate with brands. Customers use different channels (physical, web, apps, social media) to seek information about a brand, communicate with it, chat about the brand and purchase its products. Firms are thus continuously changing and adapting their processes to provide customers with agile communication channels and coherent, integrated brand experiences through the different channels in which customers are present. In this context, understanding how brand management can improve value co-creation and multichannel experience—among other issues—and contribute to improving a brand’s portfolio of loyal customers constitutes an area of special interest for academics and marketing professionals. This Special Issue explores new areas of customer loyalty and brand management, providing new insights into the field. Both concepts have evolved over the last decade to encompass such concepts and practices as brand image, experiences, multichannel context, multimedia platforms and value co-creation, as well as relational variables such as trust, engagement and identification (among others).

In this environmental history of twentieth-century Mexico, Christopher R. Boyer conceptualizes the forests of Chihuahua and Michoacán as political landscapes. Conflicts among local landowners, the federal government and timber companies politicized these geographies, demonstrating the crucial role that social forces play in the construction of environments.

In its Solange III judgment, the Bundesverfassungsgericht, the German Federal Constitutional Court, attached a new condition to the primacy of EU law over German constitutional law. It turned the constitutional identity review that it had introduced in its Lisbon judgment into a safeguard mechanism for the protection of human dignity in individual cases. The chapter examines the advent of this new condition in Solange III and its application in subsequent case law of the Bundesverfassungsgericht.

This report provides a special focus on the challenges youth face in employment and education in Mongolia, using a new survey developed by the Institute for Labour Studies and RAND. Understanding the constraints to youth job-market success is critical to Mongolia’s economic future. The analysis showed relatively high rates of youth not in school or work, and challenges to job-market preparation, but also improvement in job-market outcomes.

Julia Wedgwood (1833–1913) was a major intellectual presence in the Victorian period, yet her philosophical work has long remained overlooked. This book offers the first sustained study of her philosophy, recovering a distinctive and original framework centred on what she called the ‘law of imperfect antithesis’. Drawing on both published texts and newly attributed anonymous essays, it reconstructs the unity of her thought across ethics, metaphysics, religion, and history. Wedgwood argues that human life is structured by oppositions, between pleasure and pain, self and others, freedom and necessity, nature and the supernatural, but that these oppositions are never symmetrical. Instead, they are uneven, unstable, and rooted in lived experience. By resisting the simplifying tendencies of abstract logic, she develops a phenomenologically sensitive account of moral life. She emphasises self-sacrifice, aspiration, and the plurality of moral ideals, and criticises rival theories such as utilitarianism.The book further shows how Wedgwood extends this framework into a philosophy of history, interpreting civilisations as developing through asymmetrical ‘recoils’ from earlier forms of life. Situating her in dialogue with figures such as Aristotle, Darwin, and Hegel, it demonstrates both her intellectual range and her independence.Combining philosophical analysis with innovative digital methods for recovering lost texts, this study restores Wedgwood as a major nineteenth-century philosopher and offers a compelling new lens on moral and historical experience.

Alors que la part des femmes dans la délinquance est restée moindre que celle des hommes et que le droit traite, en principe, les deux sexes à égalité, pourquoi le récit de leurs crimes les transforme-t-il si facilement en monstres ? Pour répondre à cette question, paradoxale, cet ouvrage croise les analyses d’historiens, juristes, crimino­logues, historiens de l’art et plasticiens. Ces chercheurs mobilisent des sources abondantes et multiples, fragments bibliques, vases antiques, miniatures médiévales, chroniques judiciaires, dessins de presse, grands procès reconstruits par la télévision... qui nous donnent à voir la complexité des représentations des femmes criminelles, construites et sédimentées depuis trois millénaires. Des figures de femmes criminelles contemporaines - Jeanne Weber, l’ogresse de la Goutte d’or, Violette Nozière, l’empoisonneuse, les sœurs Papin - aux figures archétypales « intemporelles » - Eve, Pandora, la sorcière, la prostituée, la femme adultère, qui ne sont pas coupables de crimes mais pensées comme coupables du désordre de l’humanité -, on retrouve les mêmes stéréotypes dépréciatifs des femmes dans l’imaginaire occidental. Cette image peut connaître des nuances, des changements concernant les infractions féminines sont intervenus dans le champ juridique, mais sur le long terme la société n’accepte guère que la femme soit criminelle. Si la femme est réellement criminelle, elle donne une image repoussante, celle du monstre, ou au contraire aguichante, celle de la tentatrice dont les prostituées sont les filles. Cela revient, dans les deux cas, à renier le crime au féminin. Est-ce la raison pour laquelle, aujourd’hui encore, les historiens n’arrivent pas à expliquer le phénomène, sauf à dire que les femmes sont portées à la paix et les hommes à la violence ?

How a generation of tech-savvy young Cambodians is restoring historical media artifacts from before the war—and, in the process, helping to repair the Khmer Rouge's cultural destruction.During the Khmer Rouge regime (1975–1979), an estimated quarter to a third of the Cambodian population perished from execution, starvation, or disease. The regime especially targeted artists and intellectuals and their work, including films, photographs, and audio recordings. In Media Ruins, Margaret Jackcharts the critical role of media in the historical political landscape of Cambodia as well as in its post-conflict reconstruction and reconciliation. Along the way, Jack tells the remarkable stories of resourceful Cambodians in the decades that followed the end of the regime—those who worked to reconstruct their country's media infrastructure and restore their damaged cultural heritage.Jack describes the crucial role that media has played in helping the nation grapple with the traumas of its past and imagine brighter futures. She explores how tech-savvy Cambodian media creators have engaged in practices of infrastructural restitution—work that is both emotionally cathartic and politically vital. She also examines the ways these media creators have used digital tools to restore and disseminate lost media artifacts, while embracing an aesthetic of material decay as a visible reminder of loss. As these creators reconcile with the past, they are also finding ways to navigate the country's increasingly authoritarian media landscape. Bringing media and technology studies into conversation with trauma and memory studies, the book provides a unique, and necessary, perspective on post-conflict reconstruction.

As everybody knows, the dynamic interactions between biotic and abiotic factors, as well as the anthropic ones, considerably affect global climate changes and consequently biology, ecology and distribution of life forms of our planet. These important natural events affect all ecosystems, causing important changes on biodiversity. Systematic and phylogenetic studies, biogeographic distribution analysis and evaluations of diversity richness are focal topics of this book written by international experts, some even considering economical effects and future perspectives on the managing and conservation plans.

Thure von Uexkülls (1908-2004) ärztliches Denken wirkt auch 20 Jahre nach dessen Tod fort. Ottmar Leiß stellt sein systemtheoretisch untermauertes biologisches Denken sowie aktuelle leibphilosophische Aspekte dar und beleuchtet zusammenhängend Piagets geistige Entwicklung des Kindes, neurobiologische Thesen zu Damasios Kern-Selbst und zum Selbst im Spiegel der anderen sowie Aspekte einer Autopoiesis des ärztlichen Selbst. Uexkülls Beitrag zur Lösung des Leib-Seele-Problems, seine Gedanken zur Zeichenlehre als hilfreiche Methode ärztlicher Diagnostik, seine ärztliche Ethik und sein Welt- und Menschenbild belegen, wie unverändert relevant sein Denken für eine ärztliche Grundhaltung auch in der heutigen Zeit ist.

The Syntax of Dutch aims at presenting a synthesis of the currently available syntactic knowledge of Dutch. It is primarily concerned with language description and not with linguistic theory, and provides support to all researchers interested in matters relating to the syntax of Dutch, including advanced students of language and linguistics. Syntax of Dutch: Verbs and Verb Phrases consists of three volumes. Volume 1 opens with a general introduction to verbs, including a review of various verb classifications and discussions on inflection, tense, mood, modality and aspect. This is followed by a comprehensive discussion of complementation (argument structure and verb frame alternations). Volume 2 continues the discussion of complementation, but is more specifically focused on clausal complements: the reader will find detailed discussions of finite and infinitival argument clauses, complex verb constructions and verb clustering. Volume 3 concludes with a description of adverbial modification and the overall structure of clauses in relation to, e.g., word order (verb placement, wh-movement. extraposition phenomena, scrambling, etc.).

In the shadow of war, genocide and its aftermath, thousands of migrants would play a central role as auxiliaries in the German military and laborers in the Namibian economy. This is a history of colonial capitalism centered around migrants and their life stories. The book explores both the origins of Namibia’s early labor regime, its evolution, role in continental migration flows, and its demise in the wake of the First World War.

At present, computational methods have received considerable attention in economics and finance as an alternative to conventional analytical and numerical paradigms. This Special Issue brings together both theoretical and application-oriented contributions, with a focus on the use of computational techniques in finance and economics. Examined topics span on issues at the center of the literature debate, with an eye not only on technical and theoretical aspects but also very practical cases.