Open Access Books

An imposing literary figure in America and Europe during the first half of the twentieth century, Ludwig Lewisohn (1882-1955) struggled with feelings of alienation in Christian America that were gradually resolved by his developing Jewish identity, a process reflected in hundreds of works of fiction, literary analysis, and social criticism. Born in Berlin, Lewisohn moved with his family in 1890 to South Carolina. Identified by others as a Jew, he remained an outsider throughout his youth. Lewisohn became a notable scholar and translator of German and French literature, teaching at Wisconsin and Ohio State. Following his mother's death in 1914, he began to explore the Jewish life he had rejected, and by 1920 became a Zionist committed to fighting assimilation. Accusatory and inflammatory, his memoir Up Stream (1922) struck at the very heart of American culture and society, and caused great controversy and lasting enmity. As strong emotional influences, the women in Lewisohn's life-his mother and four wives-helped to frame his life and work. Believing himself liberated by the woman he declared his "spiritual wife" while legally married to another, he proclaimed the artist's right to freedom in The Creative Life (1924), abandoned his editorship at The Nation, and fled to Europe. Lewisohn's fictionalized account of his failed marriage, The Case of Mr. Crump (1926), once again attacked the empty morality of this world and won Sigmund Freud's praise as the greatest psychological novel of the century. A creator of one of Paris's leading salons, Lewisohn ended his leisurely writer's life in 1934 to awaken America to the growing Nazi threat. Poised to face the unfinished marital battle at home, but anxious to engage in the coming struggle for Jewish survival and the future of Western civilization, he set sail, unsure of what lay ahead.

Diversität, Teilhabe und Inklusion sind in aktuellen Debatten in Bildung, Wissenschaft, Politik und Kultur zentrale Leitbegriffe und Mitgestalter gesellschaftlicher Entwicklungen. Im Tanz spielt Diversität seit langem eine bedeutende Rolle, sei es als tanzkünstlerisches Thema, als Impuls für kreatives Schaffen, im Rahmen tanzpädagogischer Vermittlungsprozesse oder auch in tanztherapeutischen Kontexten. Zudem zeichnet sich Tanz durch sein hohes Teilhabe- und Inklusionspotenzial aus. Dieser Band versammelt grundlegende Positionen zu Diversität und Inklusion im und durch Tanz.; Fundamental positions on diversity and inclusion in and through dance.

Rheology is the science that studies the behavior of the flow of matter in a liquid state or soft solids under the application of stress or deformation to obtain a response to an applied force. In polymers, rheology is an important tool to understand behavior under processing conditions and to design equipment. Another application for rheology in the polymer field is to understand structure-property relationships by means of molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, stereochemistry, morphology, melt degradation, and performance under processing. This book covers the essential criteria for selecting the best test types for various applications and new developments, for accurately interpreting results, and for determining other areas where rheology and rheological phenomena may be useful in your work.

This special issue provides a collection of 15 papers with modern theories and applications for circular economy, engineering projects, entrepreneurship models, and investor decisions. After the commencing review on Occupational Health and Safety Management-Systems Standards, follow papers which can be classified into four categories which cover the overall scope of special issue. The first category includes papers regarding the micro-level of circular economy. This means case studies in firm-level which implement different techniques to achieve sustainable development and circular economy goals. The findings reveal interesting achievements which are associated with cultural characteristics of the countries these case studies have been conducted. The second category of papers refers to the meso-level of circular economy where firms cooperate with each other by exchanging byproducts and organizing common operational procedures and routines to address environmental problems. The findings suggest assessment information technology tools to support industrial symbiosis among European firms. The next body of literature encompasses macro-level where circular economy techniques are implemented at a country level. Findings suggest methodologies for implementing and tracking circular economy in cities. Finally, a number of papers are included that focus on advanced engineering techniques. These techniques are useful tools for achieving circular economy and sustainability.

The 2021 edition of OSCE Insights discusses the possibility of compromise among the 57 participating states of the OSCE. It includes a special issue that compares the interests of selected participating States in the OSCE and offers recommendations for bridging divisions within the organization.

This research/analysis focuses on an empirical analysis of the practical criminal law and the success of suspended sentence. The foundation of the research form data sets from the Bundeszentralregister and the Erziehungsregister. About 120.000 German data sets of stayed prison sentences and stayed young offender sentences are analyzed under the following aspects: the sentence received and if the delinquent reoffends in a period of four years after their sanction. Characteristics of age, gender, nationality and perhaps an existing penal background as well as possible probation service are part of the analysis. Also discussed are connections between relapse and the revocation of the parole. Another chapter deals with the success of the suspended sentences compared to other penalties, i.e. fines and prison sentences up to two years.

After publishing the famous “Fluvial Processes in Geomorphology” in the early 1960s, the work of Luna Leopold, Gordon Wolman, and John Miller became a key for opening the door to understanding rivers and streams. They first illustrated the problem to geomorphologists and geographers. Later, Chang, in his “Fluvial Processes in River Engineering”, provided a basis for engineers, showing this group of professionals how to deal with rivers and how to understand them. Since then, more informative studies have been published. Many of the authors started to combine fluvial geomorphology knowledge and river engineering needs, such as “Tools in Fluvial Geomorphology” by G. Mathias Kondolf and Hervé Piégay, or focused more on river engineering tasks, such as “Stream Restoration in Dynamic Fluvial Systems: Scientific Approaches” by Andrew Simon, Sean Bennett, and Janine Castro. Finally, Luna Leopold summarized river and stream morphologies in the beautiful “A view of the river”. It appears that we continue to explore this subject in the right direction. We better understand rivers and streams, and as engineers and fluvial geomorphologists, we can establish tools to help bring rivers alive. However, there is still a hunger for more scientific tools that we could use to further understand rivers and to support the development of healthy streams and rivers with high biodiversity in the present world, which has started to face water scarcity.

This study about two concepts wants to recuperate, under a literary and philosophic perspective, the famous antithesis originated in Classical Athens, and transfered through the occidental cultures along the centuries. Therefore, retaking the arguments of past discussions, nómos versus phýsis are considered in their process of transmission and reception.

The ongoing technological advancements and industrial growth over the past few decades have arisen significant environmental challenges, particularly the issue of water pollution caused by the improper disposal of organic and inorganic pollutants. Protecting the environment is essential for creating a sustainable future, leading researchers and the public to focus on innovative remediation strategies. As a result, the development of new “green”-oriented, low-cost, and efficient materials for environmental remediation, especially for the removal of pollutants from water bodies, remains a vibrant area of research. The 14 original research articles and two review papers included in this Special Issue aim to explore new methods beyond sorption, biodegradation, and catalytic degradation while also introducing new materials and composites for effective (waste)water treatment and purification.

The increased exposure to toxins, toxicants and novel drugs has promoted toxicology to become one of the most important areas of research with emerging innovative toxicity testing protocols, techniques, and regulation being placed. Since the bioactivation of many toxins and toxicants and its consequences on human health are not clearly known, this book offers a quick overview of cellular toxicology through the cell, drug and environmental toxicity. This book does not strive to be comprehensive but instead offers a quick overview of principle aspects of toxins and toxicants in order to familiarize the key principles of toxicology. The book is divided into three main sections,; the first one discusses the role of mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and mitochondrial drug development. The second and third sections bring light to forensic toxicology and drug poisoning followed by environmental toxicity.

The book takes in consideration some dehydrogenases, enzymes with different functions in the cells by using different substrates, such as hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases, aldehyde dehydrogenases, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, glutamate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase. They are examined from the following points of view: biochemistry, physiological functions and role in some diseases and in the development of tumours. For these reasons, the book is divided into three sections: 1. Dehydrogenases and cancer 2. Dehydrogenases and some diseases 3. Dehydrogenases and physiological role

Club drugs is aimed not only at sector specialists but also at a broader public. It addresses the highly topical issue of the drugs and substances of abuse commonly used in social venues and clubs for recreational or socialising purposes. Garbed in a discursive and communicative language, albeit thoroughly supported by scientific evidence, the results of the research on the most widespread "recreational" drugs - ecstasy, GHB, Rohypnol, crack, cannabis and cocaine - are presented. The book takes its place within the debate on a social phenomenon in continual growth, replacing the Manicheism of prohibitionist and anti-prohibitionist positions with the most up-to-date results of scientific research.

This timely volume offers an international and cross-disciplinary examination of risk and crisis communication theory and practice in Europe. Placing the rapidly developing field of risk and crisis communication within the context of a Europe in flux – experiencing the amplification of the refugee crisis, Brexit, increasing terrorist attacks, a heightened awareness of the climate crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic – a cross-continental team of experts explore these developments from a theoretical and practical standpoint. Drawing connections between culture, digital technology, identity, public health, politics, and industry, the analysis offers a multitude of perspectives from across the continent and provides ways ahead for the field of risk and crisis communication. This exciting and innovative volume will interest scholars and students of risk and crisis communication, media studies, political communication, public relations, political studies, and international relations.

Les six études qui constituent ce livre offrent les principaux jalons d’une histoire critique du bois sacré dans l’imaginaire culturel européen. Elles en retracent la diversité esthétique et anthropologique en passant de la lexicologie latine aux jardins de la Renaissance italienne, de la tradition de l’humanisme classique en Angleterre et de l’art du paysagisme britannique à la dramaturgie à la scénographie de l’opéra français du XVIIIe siècle, de la peinture des grands décors de la IIIe République à la poésie européenne de la fin-de-siècle… Le bois sacré est en effet un de ces objets dans lesquels la mémoire de l’antiquité païenne a revécu d’âge en âge, hantant toute l’aventure de la modernité de sa numinosité singulière. Au fil des siècles, la tradition culturelle moderne se construit ainsi en jouant avec une mémoire cultuelle antique détournée. En ce sens, si notre livre entend bien s’ajouter à l’imposante bibliothèque concernant la réalité religieuse et archéologique du bois sacré des Anciens, il la complète surtout de manière originale par un parcours ordonné des étapes du discours sur le bois sacré de l’Antiquité classique à nos jours.

Gail Hawisher and Cynthia Selfe created a volume that set the agenda in the field of computers and composition scholarship for a decade. The technology changes that scholars of composition studies faced as the new century opened couldn't have been more deserving of passionate study. While we have always used technologies (e.g., the pencil) to communicate with each other, the electronic technologies we now use have changed the world in ways that we have yet to identify or appreciate fully. Likewise, the study of language and literate exchange, even our understanding of terms like literacy, text, and visual, has changed beyond recognition, challenging even our capacity to articulate them. As Hawisher, Selfe, and their contributors engage these challenges and explore their importance, they "find themselves engaged in the messy, contradictory, and fascinating work of understanding how to live in a new world and a new century." The result is a broad, deep, and rewarding anthology of work still among the standard works of computers and composition study.