Open Access Books

This Open Access book carefully examines the legal and historical bases of the territory of Japan as a modern State from the Meiji period to 2002. A new preface summarizes key developments in the situation up through 2022. Japan’s current territory is stipulated by the Potsdam Declaration (1945) and the Treaty of Peace with Japan (1951); it includes the Northern Territories, the Senkaku Islands, and Takeshima. Japan has demanded the return of the Northern Territories, comprising the islands of Etorofu, Kunashiri, Shikotan and Habomai, which are occupied by Russia. China has claimed sovereignty over the Senkaku Islands, which are validly controlled by Japan; Japan has claimed sovereignty over Takeshima, which is occupied by the Republic of Korea. This book analyzes the current status of these territorial topics, drawing on historical documents and international legal precedent, and it suggests peaceful methods to address them. In discussing territorial land, sea, and air space, this work touches upon postwar concepts defining modern international law and relevant rules on these subjects—exclusive economic zones (EEZs), continental shelves, and air defense identification zones (ADIZs)—found in international treaties, such as the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), and related domestic laws.

Die freie Verfügbarkeit dieser E-Book-Ausgabe auf Basis einer CC BY 4.0-Lizenz wurde ermöglicht durch die ZBW – Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft.

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After having successfully expanded health insurance coverage, China now faces the challenge of building an effective and efficient delivery system to serve its large and aging population. RAND researchers recommend that rather than emulate the models of Western countries, which have well-known limitations, China should create an innovative model based on population health management principles and sophisticated health information technology.

The focus of this study is the presence of a complex onomaturgical technique in Leonid Andreyev’s novel “Diary of Satan”. In this work, Andreyev’s favorite themes are encapsulated: a pure man’s sadness in the face of the tragedies of an illogical and inexplicable universe, awful solitude, and a lack of optimism. Andreyev loved life, but in a terrible way: existential crises were continually punctuated by periods of sheer happiness, characterized by certainty about the future and Russia. There is speculation that Andreyev had bipolar disorder (Prochorova, 2018). The author’s dual split in ideas reverberates in his works and onomaturgy, particularly in the “Diary of Satan”. The purpose of this paper is to show how onomastic dualism applies to all the four characters in the story, who take on semantically coherent qualities and connotations based on the names by which they are identified. These meanings are invariably extreme (either Madonna or a prostitute; friend or foe; prince of evil or the most benevolent of men) and can be a proof of the author’s bipolarity. In our opinion, the artistic aim of the process of nomination follows a mythopoetic path. In keeping with his passion for the theater, Andreyev explores not only the dual nature of man but also the concept of “likeness”.

This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 License. It is free to read, download and share via Elgaronline, thanks to funding support from the ERASMUS+ grant program of the European Union under grant no. 2020-1-DE01-KA226-HE-005758. This informative book prepares scholars, university staff and students for simulations of the United Nations and the European Union. It provides essential knowledge, including introductions into the institutions, case studies, reflections on active learning, as well as concrete teaching modules and practices.

An indispensable guide for all ethnographers, Experimenting with Ethnography collects twenty-one essays that offer concrete suggestions for thinking about and doing ethnographic research and writing.

The deepening of our knowledge of the various forms of microcredit, as practised by the original Monti di Pietà institutions, particularly in Tuscany (in cities such as Arezzo, Florence, Pistoia and Prato), was motivated by the renewed vigour with which the issues underlying the creation of these institutions are being addressed today. According to the latest ISTAT report, poverty affects more than 14 million people in our country, accounting for around a quarter of the population. This has become a major problem that will require political decisions and a series of measures to be implemented in order to contain the phenomenon, which otherwise risks triggering profound social disintegration.

The 43rd UID conference, held in Genova, takes up the theme of ‘Dialogues’ as practice and debate on many fundamental topics in our social life, especially in these complex and not yet resolved times. The city of Genova offers the opportunity to ponder on the value of comparison and on the possibilities for the community, naturally focused on the aspects that concern us, as professors, researchers, disseminators of knowledge, or on all the possibile meanings of the discipline of representation and its dialogue with ‘others’, which we have broadly catalogued in three macro areas: History, Semiotics, Science / Technology. Therefore, “dialogue” as a profitable exchange based on a common language, without which it is impossible to comprehend and understand one another; and the graphic sign that connotes the conference is the precise transcription of this concept: the title ‘translated’ into signs, derived from the visual alphabet designed for the visual identity of the UID since 2017. There are many topics which refer to three macro sessions: - Witnessing (signs and history) - Communicating (signs and semiotics) - Experimenting (signs and sciences) Thanks to the different points of view, an exceptional resource of our disciplinary area, we want to try to outline the prevailing theoretical-operational synergies, the collaborative lines of an instrumental nature, the recent updates of the repertoires of images that attest and nourish the relations among representation, history, semiotics, sciences.

Der Band umfasst Beiträge, die im Rahmen der Jahrestagung der DGfE-Kommission „Grundschulforschung und Pädagogik der Primarstufe“ 2024 entstanden sind und führt zentrale Diskurse zur Grundschulbildung weiter. Im Mittelpunkt steht die Frage, wie notwendige Bezüge zwischen Pädagogik und Fachdidaktiken gestaltet werden können. Die Beiträge eröffnen vertiefende Einblicke in aktuelle Forschungsarbeiten zu fachlichem und fachübergreifendem Lernen sowie Unterrichts- und Schulentwicklung und zur Professionalisierung. Sie zeigen, wie Grundschulen durch eine systematische Verschränkung pädagogischer und fachlicher Perspektiven zukunftsfähig gestaltet werden können. Zusatzband zur Reihe Jahrbuch Grundschulforschung

Les soixante-six études rassemblées dans ces deux volumes veulent témoigner de la vitalité et du profond renouvellement de l'histoire médiévale politique et religieuse. Elles sont offertes par ses collègues français et étrangers à Marcel Pacaut, qui en fut un des plus actifs représentants durant plus de trente ans d'enseignement à l'Université de Lyon. Le volume II : Les Eglises locales, envisagées ici sous deux angles : - L'analyse des structures ecclésiales dans, depuis le diocèse jusqu'à la paroisse, où se modèle au quotidien la vie religieuse et spirituelle des fidèles. - L'étude d’un cas précis – celui des églises des anciens pays bourguignons (royaume d'Arles, duché de Bourgogne) – ancrage nécessaire d’une recherche soucieuse d’approcher le plus concrètement possible les réalités humaines, pour pouvoir mieux les replacer ensuite dans les grands courants de l'histoire générale.

U.S. demand for illicit drugs creates markets for Mexican drug- trafficking organizations (DTOs) and helps foster violence in Mexico. This paper examines how marijuana legalization in California might influence DTO revenues and the violence in Mexico.

The Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing (PSB) 2011 is an international, multidisciplinary conference for the presentation and discussion of current research in the theory and application of computational methods in problems of biological significance. Presentations are rigorously peer reviewed and are published in an archival proceedings volume. PSB 2011 will be held on January 3 – 7, 2011 in Kohala Coast, Hawaii. Tutorials and workshops will be offered prior to the start of the conference. PSB 2011 will bring together top researchers from the US, Asia Pacific, and around the world to exchange research results and address pertinent issues in all aspects of computational biology. It is a forum for the presentation of work in databases, algorithms, interfaces, visualization, modeling, and other computational methods, as applied to biological problems, with emphasis on applications in data-rich areas of molecular biology. The PSB has been designed to be responsive to the need for critical mass in sub-disciplines within biocomputing. For that reason, it is the only meeting whose sessions are defined dynamically each year in response to specific proposals. PSB sessions are organized by leaders of research in biocomputing's “hot topics”. In this way, the meeting provides an early forum for serious examination of emerging methods and approaches in this rapidly evolving field.

Das Verhältnis zwischen Judentum, Christentum und Islam unterlag im Laufe der Geschichte vielfältigen Veränderungen. Welche Konflikte gab es, welche Phasen und Formen von Austausch und Kooperation standen dem gegenüber? Der Band ist das Ergebnis einer Tagung aus dem Jahr 2009. Wissenschaftler aus sechs Ländern präsentieren nun die Ergebnisse. Die Sektionen behandeln die Gegenseitige Wahrnehmung vor dem 1. Weltkrieg, Kultur, Bildung, Fremdwahrnehmung seit 1945, Austausch und Konflikte von der Frühen Neuzeit bis ins 20. Jahrhundert, das Rechtsverständnis, Recht und Wirtschaft, die Religionsgelehrsamkeit sowie gesellschaftliche Integration und Bewahrung der Identität. Mit Beiträgen von: Kilian Bälz, Hans-Jürgen Becker, Hartmut Bobzin, Michael Brenner, Micha Brumlik, Thomas E. Burman, John Efron, Leila Tarazi Fawaz, Claude Gilliot, Friedrich Wilhelm Graf, Peter Heine, Karl Homann, Yosef Kaplan, Thomas Kaufmann, Yavuz Köse, Gudrun Krämer, Michael Kreutz, Roland Löffler, Wolfgang Loschelder, Hans Maier, Asher Meir, Tilman Nagel, Matthias Pohlig, Maurus Reinkowski, Mathias Rohe, Heinz Schilling, Reinhard Schulze, Martin Tamcke, Georges Tamer, Lucette Valensi, Dietmar Willoweit, Israel Yuval und einer Podiumsdiskussion der Sektionsleiter.