Open Access Books

This book is open access. Media forensics has never been more relevant to societal life. Not only media content represents an ever-increasing share of the data traveling on the net and the preferred communications means for most users, it has also become integral part of most innovative applications in the digital information ecosystem that serves various sectors of society, from the entertainment, to journalism, to politics. Undoubtedly, the advances in deep learning and computational imaging contributed significantly to this outcome. The underlying technologies that drive this trend, however, also pose a profound challenge in establishing trust in what we see, hear, and read, and make media content the preferred target of malicious attacks. In this new threat landscape powered by innovative imaging technologies and sophisticated tools, based on autoencoders and generative adversarial networks, this book fills an important gap. It presents a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art forensics capabilities that relate to media attribution, integrity and authenticity verification, and counter forensics. Its content is developed to provide practitioners, researchers, photo and video enthusiasts, and students a holistic view of the field.

The fundamental principles of freedom, security, democracy, and the regulatory mechanisms of the European Union, as well as the pronouncements of the European Convention for the protection of Human Rights and fundamental freedoms (ECHR) can be subject to dangerous violations within criminal justice systems. When these violations are perpetrated by the actors called to protect the same rights and freedoms, the institutions must also prepare the educational devices which are required for their prevention. This volume intends to investigate the complexity of educational actions - primarily informal ones - which accompany the creation of the operators’ knowledge of the analysed systems, as well as the methods of their growth. The contents are discussed starting from the research hypotheses, and on the basis of the experimentation of the embedded learning in the prison of Chieti (under the supervision of the Department of Education and Psychology of the University of Florence).

Mit »Constructing Intersex« liegt die erste Biographieforschung mit intergeschlechtlichen Menschen im deutschsprachigen Raum vor. Auf Basis von Interviews stellt Anja Gregor heraus, welche schwerwiegenden Folgen bestimmte medizinische Pathologisierungs- und Zurichtungspraktiken für die Biographien der Betroffenen haben. Sie zeigt: Die soziale Konstruktion von Intergeschlechtlichkeit als zugleich tabuisiertem und medizinisch hochrelevantem Phänomen ist nicht nur auf der medizinisch-praktischen Ebene von Ambivalenzen und Verwerfungen geprägt. Die Studie reflektiert zudem den sozialen Gehalt von Körper und Geschlecht und verweist so auf das gesellschaftstheoretische Potential von Intergeschlechtlichkeit als sozialer Kategorie.

Highlights the trailers, merchandising and cultural conversations that shape our experiences of film and television It is virtually impossible to watch a movie or TV show without preconceived notions because of the hype that precedes them, while a host of media extensions guarantees them a life long past their air dates. An onslaught of information from print media, trailers, internet discussion, merchandising, podcasts, and guerilla marketing, we generally know something about upcoming movies and TV shows well before they are even released or aired. The extras, or “paratexts,” that surround viewing experiences are far from peripheral, shaping our understanding of them and informing our decisions about what to watch or not watch and even how to watch before we even sit down for a show. Show Sold Separately gives critical attention to this ubiquitous but often overlooked phenomenon, examining paratexts like DVD bonus materials for The Lord of the Rings, spoilers for Lost, the opening credits of The Simpsons, Star Wars actions figures, press reviews for Friday Night Lights, the framing of Batman Begins, the videogame of The Thing, and the trailers for The Sweet Hereafter. Plucking these extra materials from the wings and giving them the spotlight they deserve, Jonathan Gray examines the world of film and television that exists before and after the show.

Was hat das Verhältnis zwischen Mensch und Tier mit Geschlecht zu tun? Diese Frage, die heute wieder aktuell ist, stellten sich in der französischen Aufklärung Naturforscher, Erzieherinnen und Moralisten. In einer Zeit, in der hitzig darüber debattiert wurde, was »die Natur« des Menschen im Allgemeinen und der Geschlechter im Besonderen sei, wurden Tiere zu einer wichtigen Vergleichsfolie. Aline Vogt zeigt, wie im 18. Jahrhundert Naturwissenschaftler durch eine neue Definition von Spezies versuchten, die in Gefahr geratenen Geschlechter- und Artengrenzen auf eine neue, heteronormative Grundlage zu stellen, wie Literaten männliche Gewalt mit Bezügen zur Tierwelt legitimierten und wie Gouvernanten den Zivilisierungsdiskurs nutzten, um sich als Erzieherinnen des Tiers im Menschen zu positionieren. Insbesondere Frauen wurde dabei eine vermittelnde Rolle zwischen Mensch und Tier zugeschrieben. Auch die Tiere selbst prägten diese Auseinandersetzungen: Hunde, Wölfe, Nutztiere und Insekten regten durch ihr Verhalten dazu an, über Unterschiede und Ähnlichkeiten verschiedener Lebewesen nachzudenken. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

Antenne Integrate Attive (“Active Patch Antennas”) represents the first issue of the series «Quaderni del Dottorato di Ricerca in Ingegneria dell’Informazione» ("Issues of the PhD course in Information Engineering”) of the University of Florence, used as a didactic support to the PhD course bearing the same name. Active patch antennas, object of the publication and introduced as the enabling technology for high performance multifunctional front-ends for radar and communication systems, are currently also being used for Personal Area Networks (PAN) and for Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC), at a low cost and power. In the arrays for space applications, where reliability is a key aspect, the approach to distributed active elements allows the improvement of the entire system’s defect tolerance. The issue is organized into six chapters. The first three chapters present the basic concepts related to radio links, the definition of the used parameters and their involvement in the constitutive relationships. In the fourth and fifth chapters, the design methods of the main antenna configurations are discussed, and some examples of application are provided. Finally, chapter six reviews the analysis methods used in modern software for electromagnetic and microwave circuit simulation.

L'économie se fonde de plus en plus l'immatériel, et l'innovation est au cœur de toutes les préoccupations. Chacun s'accorde pour dire que l'effort de recherche est une solution sans alternative pour la France et pour l'Europe confrontées à la concurrence et au dynamisme économique des pays émergents qui les dépossèdent de plus en plus de l'aspect manufacturier de la production. La recherche est créatrice des emplois de demain, entend-t-on dire souvent, et elle débouche sur des produits nouveaux, des médicaments plus efficaces, des services plus performants,... qui augmentent le bien-être social. Or, la valorisation de la recherche passe par le droit et ses outils (contrats, structures, collaborations,...). Le droit intervient aussi dans la définition du statut du chercheur, dans la garantie de la liberté de la recherche et dans la détermination de ses limites. Il fournit les éléments qui permettent de répartir les résultats entre employeurs et salariés. C'est aussi le droit qui propose, notamment au nom du principe de précaution, les moyens pour encadrer les pratiques des laboratoires. Car si les avancées de a recherche ouvrent souvent des perspectives merveilleuses, elles suscitent aussi beaucoup d'inquiétudes (OGM, nanotechnologies, manipulations génétiques sur l'humain,...). Cet ouvrage, qui reprend les travaux du colloque organisé par l'IFR juridique de l'Université de Toulouse 1 Capitole, aborde l'ensemble de ces questions

This Handbook presents established and innovative perspectives on involving older adults as co-creators in ageing research. It reorients research and policy toward more inclusive and adequate designs that capture the voices and needs of older adults. The Handbook: introduces types of participatory approaches in ageing research; highlights key methodological aspects of these approaches; gives insights from projects across different cultural contexts and academic disciplines, showing ways in which older participants can be involved in co-designing different stages of the research cycle; examines key issues to consider when involving older participants at each step of the research process; includes the voices of older adults directly; draws out conclusions and points ways forward for future research. This Handbook will be essential reading for researchers and students interested in the field of ageing and/ or participatory methods, as well as for those policy stakeholders in the fields of ageing and demographic change, social and public policy, or health and wellbeing who are interested in involving older adults in policy processes. It will be useful for third-sector advocacy organizations and international non-governmental and public agencies working either in citizen involvement/participation or the ageing sector.

This book is the first account of self-harming behaviour in its proper historical and political context. The rise of self-cutting and overdosing in the 20th century is linked to the sweeping changes in mental and physical health, and wider political context. The welfare state, social work, Second World War, closure of the asylums, even the legalization of suicide, are all implicated in the prominence of self harm in Britain. The rise of 'overdosing as a cry for help' is linked to the integration of mental and physical healthcare, the NHS, and the change in the law on suicide and attempted suicide. The shift from overdosing to self-cutting as the most prominent 'self-damaging' behaviour is also explained, linked to changes in hospital organization and the wider rise of neoliberal politics. Appreciation of history and politics is vital to understanding the psychological concerns over these self-harming behaviours.

Margaret Price examines the experiences of disabled academics to show how attempts at providing individual accommodations actually impede rather than enhancing access.

Our senses are not separated. Information received from one sensory modality may be linked with, or distorted by information provided from another modality, such as in the ventriloquism illusion and experiences of crossmodal correspondence. Scientific interest in how we integrate multisensory information and how we interact with a multisensory world has increased dramatically over the last two decades, as evidenced by an exponential growth of relevant studies using behavioral and/or neuro-scientific approaches to investigate multisensory integration and the underlying brain mechanisms. This work has revealed that the brain integrates information across senses in a statistically optimal manner; also, some key multisensory brain areas, such as the superior colliculus, have been identified. However, many questions remain unresolved. For example, at what age do we develop optimal multisensory integration? How does the brain 'know' which stimuli to combine, and which to segregate? What are the principles that govern crossmodal interactions? Does multisensory integration rely solely on the variability of sensory information? Do primary sensory cortices also contribute to multisensory integration? How does multisensory integration influence our sensorimotor interactions? To take stock of the most recent developments, this Research Topic aims to provide a broad scope of research on multisensory perception and action from different perspectives/approaches and disciplines, including behavioral and neuro-sciences, computational/mathematical modeling, and engineering science. Specifically, the Research Topic will focus on the following topics: 1. Functional and behavioral mechanisms of multisensory perception 2. Neural mechanisms of multisensory coding 3. Multisensory perception and sensorimotor interaction 4. Multisensory applications

This book offers remarkable coverage of liver cancer from etiology to prevention and treatment. It provides an updated and new vision of this major cancer that continues to affect hundreds of thousands of people and remains one of the leading causes of cancer deaths around the world. To ensure the high quality of this book, important insights are included and rigorously discussed in a simple and authentic way. The book includes detailed and updated descriptions of the main causes of liver cancer and also the prevention and treatment of this disease. This book is a relevant source of knowledge, very useful for researchers, medical doctors, medical residents, students, healthcare providers, public health decision makers, and all individuals interested in the prevention of this disease.

Die Technologie der Künstlichen Intelligenz ist im Lebensalltag der Verbraucherinnen und Verbraucher angekommen. Sie begegnet uns in nahezu allen Bereichen - sei es bei der Kommunikation, der Fortbewegung oder im behördlichen Kontakt. Der vorliegende Sammelband widmet sich den daraus folgenden Möglichkeiten, Risiken und rechtlichen Implikationen aus verschiedenen, fächerübergreifenden Perspektiven. Behandelt werden typische Problemkreise, zu denen der Diskriminierungsschutz, die Transparenz, Nachvollziehbarkeit und Überprüfbarkeit sowie die Datenauswahl bei KI-Systemen gehören. Auch der Verbraucherschutz durch Schaffung von Normen, Standards und Zertifizierung wird thematisiert. Ergänzt wird das Bild durch die Darstellung bereichsspezifischer Herausforderungen. Zuletzt wird auch das praktisch bedeutsame Problem der Rechtsdurchsetzung im Kontext von verbrauchergefa?hrdenden KI-Systemen angesprochen.

Starting from the framework established by Eugen Coșeriu with respect to the levels of language, this paper examines proper names on three functional planes with corresponding stages of competence and speech evaluations. Thus, on the universal level, names are rigid designators; they are non-deictic, devoid of lexical meaning, and display a designative function. This is the level of general naming. On the historical level, names are “embedded”; they develop idiomatic (language-specific) content. This is the level of conventional naming, on which names fulfil an idiomatic function. On the individual level, names are meaningful expressions, describing bearers by means of “clusters of definite descriptions”. This is the level of unconventional naming, of the nominal mark which renders the denotatum unique. The linguistic content of this level consists of the meaning of the name, and the functions developed by it are textual and emotive: the participation of the name giver in the discourse by means of an act of novel linguistic creation (see the instance of nicknames, bynames, usernames, various anthroponymic phrases, etc.). To reach the above-mentioned aims, the paper uses the theoretical tools specific to anthroponymy, pragmatics, and related fields: text theory, speech act theory, and philosophy of language.