Humanities & Social Sciences

In den letzten Jahren wurde eine Vielzahl von Konzepten zur Messung der konjunkturellen Wirkungen des öffentlichen Haushalts entwickelt. Diese Massstäbe werden ausführlich dargestellt und kritisch gewürdigt Darüber hinaus gelingt es mit Hilfe eines einfachen analytischen Rahmens, die grundsätzlichen Unterschiede bzw. Übereinstimmungen der Budgetindikatoren aufzuzeigen sowie die quantitative Bedeutung der strukturellen Unterschiede deutlich zu machen. Schliesslich werden die Möglichkeiten weiterer Verbesserungen erörtert.

Collaborative housing projects are becoming increasingly popular and are considered to be of high societal relevance. At the same time, a scientific and political discourse on the orientation towards the common good in the housing sector is taking place, increasingly highlighting collaborative housing projects. In this context, there are various actors who support collaborative housing projects in different ways. This paper investigates the role of these actors using the case study of Berlin. It examines the understanding of the actors of collaborative housing projects, their ways of working as well as the collaboration of these actors among themselves and with politics and administration. Relevant actors in Berlin have been identified with the help of desk research and subsequently, expert interviews have been conducted with five different actors. The analysis of the results shows that the actors are part of a tight network which is very much based on ideational beliefs and personal relationships. Despite their common goal, the actors differ in their course of actions, target groups and strategic orientation. However, in light of challenging political and economic conditions for collaborative housing projects and their supporting actors, their scope of action remains limited. While some of them try to influence political and administrative decision making, given the current circumstances the question as to what quantitative significance this form of housing can have in the future remains.

In his book, Henk van Rinsum provides an in-depth description of the colonial past of Utrecht University in the Netherlands since its foundation in 1636. He describes the development of (scientific) knowledge and knowledge transfer about and in the Dutch colonies, especially in the Dutch East Indies. The central theme of his book is the idea of Western superiority – the assumption that we are ‘developed’ and therefore modern, while those in the colonies are ‘not (yet) developed’ and therefore primitive or traditional. This colonial past is also the framework in which Utrecht University became involved in slavery and its abolition. Henk van Rinsum shows how the knowledge acquired in the colony also contributed significantly to the scientific development of the university, especially towards the end of the nineteenth century. Utrecht University and Colonial Knowledge is therefore an important contribution to both colonial and intellectual history.

A storm at sea, hanging cliffs, volcano eruptions at night, threatening thunderclouds over a desolate mountain landscape: all these phenomena incite both fear and pleasure, astonishment and fascination. We call them sublime, after the feeling of the sublime. In the eighteenth century the sublime became the exciting alternative to the beautiful. The concept has ancient roots, but branches out into French, British, German, and Dutch cultures. Stemming originally from rhetoric, in the course of the eighteenth century it became an aesthetic, philosophical and literary concept. In this study the history of the sublime is told for the first time in Dutch. This book focuses on Dutch contributions on the sublime, in the light of the international history of the concept of the sublime. From the earliest translations to the original ideas of Johannes Kinker and Willem Bilderdijk: the Dutch sublime reflects both the entwinement with the European Enlightenment and the specific nature of Dutch culture in the long eighteenth century.

The monograph answers questions about the perception and viewpoints of languages and language varieties among high school students from Slovakia and Slovenia. With the help of surveys and language cards general linguistic, socioand psycholinguistic knowledge, stereotypes, preferences and identifications with languages and language varieties are analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The analyses show the following results: Slovene and Slovak as L1 of most high school students have a prestigious position, with high school students from Slovene strongly identifying with (traditional) regions. Neighboring countries and languages are less important in the linguistic world of high school students, although at the same time, a kind of hidden multilingualism can be observed. High school students from both countries share the same stereotypes about some European languages, and they agree with the same prejudices, even Eurocentric ones. Aesthetically, they prefer Romance languages, and they have little general linguistic and psycholinguistic knowledge as well as relatively little sociolinguistic knowledge. Based on all the results, recommendations for language and school policy in both countries have been made.

Around 3000 BCE, a turning point occurred in Europe: Long-existing regional societies entered into a process of transformation. The result is a world in which new global communication networks brought different regions closer together. From 3200/3100 BCE, the Globular Amphora phenomenon (GA) was the trailblazer in Eastern and Central Europe. Due to a focus on pastoral subsistence, in comparison to more agrarian economic systems, new ritual practices formed in light of a more flexible form of settlement. We initially observe the symbolic separation manifested through the “Globular Amphora” in an area between the Lower Vistula and Middle Elbe. Communication networks form rapidly in the West (the Elbe-Network) and in the East (the Vistula-Podolia Network). The monopolisation of the practice of double cattle burials connected regional patterns of mobility in the lowlands between the Elbe and the Dniester. With the aid of spatial analyses of the systems of symbols (Zeichensysteme) on locally/micro-regionally produced Globular Amphorae, a proxy is developed for the degree of similarity of the GA-habitus in different regions. Bayesian modelling and spatial visualisations of the radiometric dates indicate temporal sequences and synchronic changes within the newly-developed “global” GA-connectivity. Genetic analyses attest to the indigenous character of the GA individuals in Central Europe. Both isotopic and ceramic technology analyses provide evidence for a mobility radius of up to 50 km for the local groups. In the main phase of the GA, the Elbe and Vistula-Podolia networks appear separated. In the West the core areas are in Bohemia/Moravia, the Middle Elbe-Saale-Havel area, and the north-western Baltic areas; in the East, they are along the Vistula, in Podolia-Volhynia, and in the Siret area. GA networks are mostly symbiotically connected with the local and regional agricultural groups. The GA is, among other things, heavily involved in the formation of the multicultural Corded Ware phenomenon. Its end in 2600 BCE is linked to processes of change which also affected the change from Corded Ware to the Bell Beaker phenomenon. Only in the eastern areas, where a strong reciprocal influence with elements from the Steppe existed, can GA still be found until c. 2400 BCE. The emergence of the GA networks is described as social separation on the basis of social disharmonies within the Funnel Beaker societies, which is also visible via a reduction of the human impact in the palaeoecological archives. A new connectivity of diversified groups developed as a form of levelling mechanism, which in the long-term was part of the transformation of the entirety of European prehistory around 3000 BCE.

In a very timely study resulting from analysis and comparison, the author - professor of Work Sociology at the University of Florence - captures the effects of the European Community guidelines in promoting the inclusion of social partners in decision-making processes and in the implementation of labour policies. At the same time the study identifies the processes of exchange and comparison of experiences that are leading to the formation of social and work language shared by a large community of experts from governments and social forces.

This volume charts the history of transnational and transatlantic fascism in East Central and Southeastern Europe, a lesser-known phenomenon that occurred throughout the twentieth century into the present. Organizations and individuals in this part of the continent, under the influences of Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany, conceptualized their own forms of fascism in the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s. Due to the heterogenous nature of East Central Europe, fascism took various forms in the territories that prior to 1918 had belonged to the Habsburg, German, Russian, and Ottoman Empires. As a result, East Central Europe became a mosaic of fascist parties, organizations, and movements. During World War II, East Central and Southeastern European fascisms substantially contributed to collaboration with the Nazis and the genocide of the Jews. During the Cold War, East Central and Southeastern European fascists underwent multifaced aesthetic and ideological transformations in the Soviet Union and its satellites as well as in exile in the West. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the legacy of fascism re-emerged in the region, informing parts of the ideologies of various neo-fascist, radical nationalist, anti-Semitic, and national conservative parties and movements, as well as motivating communal politicians to erect monuments to fascists, war criminals, and anti-Semites. With comprehensive coverage through a range of essays, this book is a helpful resource to scholars in European history, political history, and the study of fascism.

Ontohackers redefines what movement, worlds, and bodies are through the sense of proprioception reconceptualized as formless fluctuation field, a movement matrix that is itself also thought, and which underlies all life forms and fields including the inorganic. Our worlds are made of endless such entangled fields n-folding in never ending variation or enferance. The current planetary crisis has emerged due to an accidental evolutionary alignment, narrowing, and impoverishment of that matrix’s indeterminacy, that appeared gradually and eventually with bipedalism, and which created an imbalance between the larger proprioceptive field and its brain, and made the atrophied body extend itself technically in geometric fields gradually covering the planet, along with its fears, with disastrous consequences that are unleashing an unprecedented type of mass extinction and species suicide. The reply to this crisis – which is urgently due if we are to reduce even slightly the collapse coming up over the next decades – is in recovering a lost sensorimotor plasticity which is also cognitive, affective, and relational plasticity, through developing movement technes for cultivating Body Intelligence (BI), reversing and taking elsewhere the failed evolution culminating in AI, stepping down from humanist suprematist pedestals, undoing our dependency from unsustainable killing machines of sedentary consumerism that impoverish experience, stopping the reproduction of a species that has become plague (by reversing heteronormative reproductive dogmas till we reach preagricultural population levels), and recovering the joys of moving with the world, in symbiotic mutation, towards unprecedented evolutionary variations: this is our cosmic responsibility for all life on Earth. The book’s structure expresses Enferance Theory with regard to how processes of becoming have a triple movement: an incipiency unfolding the field (Part I); a condensation-expansion where the field acquires full consistency (Part II), and a resonance or memory of the field relating to other fields (Part III). Part I includes Books 1 to 3 out of 7. The preface sets the context of the book: the extinction crisis. Book 1 provides an introduction to the entire field of the book and metareflects on the book’s structure and process. Book 2 is a full treatise on proprioception, developing the theory of Body Intelligence and addressing core issues of cognition, perception, communication, and an ontological redefinition of the body as proprioceptive swarm. Book 3 develops all core concepts of Radical Movement Philosophy, unfolding into several sections, first introducing the fluctation, field, and swarm theory, secondly the core concepts of clinaos (indeterminacy), metabody (consistency), and intraduction (variation), coming together in the concept of enferance. Finally, another triad further unfolds the previous as rhythm (affect), orientation (desire), and contact (sex), closing with an orgiastic cosmo-ontology that opens the way to Part II.

In diesem Open-Access-Buch sind aktuelle Praxisbeispiele und Handlungsempfehlungen zur Gestaltung von Arbeit und Produktivität in der digitalisierten Welt beschrieben. Die Beispiele wurden von Unternehmen und wissenschaftlichen Instituten in mehreren Forschungsprojekten entwickelt und in der Praxis erprobt. Jedes Praxisbeispiel umfasst konkrete Bedarfe und Ziele, ein schrittweises Vorgehen, die Auswirkungen auf die Arbeitsgestaltung und die Produktivität sowie die zu beachtenden Erfolgsfaktoren. So sind aktuelle Gestaltungslösungen für Unternehmen beschrieben, die die Potenziale der Digitalisierung für die Arbeitswelt und das Produktivitätsmanagement praxisnah aufzeigen.

Mit Volker Braun, Lutz Seiler und Christa Wolf sind nur drei von zahlreichen Schriftsteller*innen genannt, die mit einem bis dato kaum beachteten Kulturphänomen verbunden sind - den »schreibenden Arbeitern« der DDR, die über 30 Jahre identitätsstiftend im politischen, kulturellen und gesellschaftlichen Ostdeutschland wirkten. Die Studie von Anne M. N. Sokoll arbeitet erstmals die Entwicklung von den Anfängen in den 1950er Jahren bis zur versuchten Neuetablierung im Deutschland nach 1990 sowie die Ästhetik und die Kulturpraxis der Laienautor*innen detailliert auf. Damit eröffnet sich ein Bezugshorizont zu aktuellen gesellschaftspolitischen und kulturellen Diskursen, die auch 30 Jahre nach der deutschen Wiedervereinigung virulent sind.

Das Erleben von Atmosphären ist zentral für religiöse Praxis, denn sie sind ein ausschlaggebender Faktor für das Fortbestehen oder Scheitern religiöser Vergemeinschaftung: Wenn Transzendenz für religiöse Akteure nicht auch atmosphärisch verfügbar gemacht wird, können religiöse Innovationen kaum Anziehungs- und Bindungskräfte entfalten. Martin Radermacher entwickelt erstmals ein religionswissenschaftliches Atmosphärenkonzept in theoretischer und methodischer Hinsicht. Empirisch stehen katholische Initiativen in Deutschland im Mittelpunkt. Diese präsentieren Zugänge zum christlichen Glauben, die überkonfessionell sowie niedrigschwellig angelegt und von einer »besonderen Atmosphäre« geprägt sind.

In Medicine in Ancient Assur Troels Pank Arbøll offfers a microhistorical study of a single exorcist named Kiṣir-Aššur who practiced medical and magical healing in the ancient city of Assur (modern northern Iraq) in the 7th century BCE. The book provides the first detailed analysis of a healer’s education and practice in ancient Mesopotamia based on at least 73 texts assigned to specific stages of his career. by drawing on a microhistorical framework, the study aims at significantly improving our understanding of the functional aspects of texts in their specialist environment. Furthermore, the work situates Kiṣir-Aššur as one of the earliest healers in world history for whom we have such details pertaining to his career originating from his own time. Readership: Suited for everyone interested in ancient Near Eastern magico-medical texts and practices, ancient libraries, and the training of specialists, as well as anyone concerned with the history of ancient medicine.

In ihrem neunten Bericht legt die Autor:innengruppe Bildungsberichterstattung neue Daten und Analysen zum gesamten deutschen Bildungssystem vor, von der Kita bis zur Weiterbildung. Schwerpunktthema 2022 ist das Bildungspersonal. Auf Grundlage von Daten zu Bildungsinstitutionen, Bildungsteilnehmer:innen und weiteren Kontextinformationen liefert der Band eine Standortbestimmung zu Bildungsvoraussetzungen, Bildungswegen und Bildungsergebnisse von Kindern, Jugendlichen und Erwachsenen. Dieser Gesamtblick auf alle Bildungsbereiche, von der Frühen Bildung bis zur Weiterbildung, ist durch seine kontinuierliche, datengestützte Beobachtung und Analyse ein wertvolles Informationstool für Bildungspolitik, Bildungsverwaltung und -praxis sowie für Wissenschaft und Öffentlichkeit. Der Bericht wurde unter Federführung des DIPF | Leibniz-Institut für Bildungsforschung und Bildungsinformation von einer Gruppe erstellt, deren Mitglieder unterschiedliche wissenschaftliche Einrichtungen und statistische Ämter vertreten: Deutsches Institut für Erwachsenenbildung - Leibniz-Zentrum für lebenslanges Lernen (DIE), Deutsches Jugendinstitut (DJI), Deutsches Zentrum für Hochschul- und Wissenschaftsforschung (DZHW), Leibniz-Institut für Bildungsverläufe (LIfBi), Soziologisches Forschungsinstitut an der Universität Göttingen (SOFI) sowie die Statistischen Ämter des Bundes und der Länder (Destatis, StLÄ).

Quarante ans après la création de la série des Documents linguistiques de la Suisse romande, ce volume neuchâtelois fait suite au premier volume de la série paru voilà vingt ans : Ernest SCHÜLE, Rémy SCHEURER, Zygmunt MARZYS, Documents en langue française antérieurs à la fin du XIVe conservés dans les cantons du Jura et de Berne, 2002. Il contient la publication de 182 documents émis entre 1238 et le milieu du XIVe siècle, principalement des chartes, conservés dans les fonds d’archives neuchâtelois. Or, malgré des documents conservés essentiellement dans le canton de Neuchâtel, les actes publiés ici concernent pour une part importante les domaines bourguignon et franc-comtois. Cet état de fait est la conséquence non pas de l’émission de documents diplomatiques entre la Bourgogne et Neuchâtel, mais bien de la réception d’actes patrimoniaux par les Neuchâtel ou les seigneurs de Valangin suite à l’héritage ou l’inféodation de quelque seigneurie. Aussi, ce volume, consacré au canton de Neuchâtel, territoire historiquement francoprovençal, n’offre que rarement l’occasion de découvrir, mêlée d’ancien français, cette langue historique de la Suisse romande. Néanmoins, c’est par la présence d’un riche glossaire et d’index onomastiques fournis et fouillés qu’il est possible d’y découvrir quelque trésor patrimonial.