Humanities & Social Sciences

In den vergangenen Jahren haben umweltfreundliche Produkte sowie eine nachhaltige Produktion einen zunehmenden Stellenwert in unserer Gesellschaft eingenommen. Demzufolge gilt es, Ausschuss aufgrund von Qualitätsmängeln bei umformtechnisch hergestellten Karosseriebauteilen zu vermeiden. Ursächlich für das Auftreten von Qualitätsmängeln sind unter anderem Schwankungen der Halbzeugeigenschaften, welche den Umformprozess beeinflussen, jedoch bei der Auslegung der Bauteile nur unzureichend berücksichtigt werden. Ein Grund dafür ist, dass insbesondere Schwankungen der Halbzeugeigenschaften, welche die Reibung beeinflussen, bisher nicht ausreichend untersucht sind. Ziel der Arbeit ist es daher, ein durchgängiges Prozessverständnis zu erarbeiten, aus dem sich eine Methode zur Berücksichtigung von Schwankungen der für die Tribologie relevanten Halbzeugeigenschaften für die umformtechnische Herstellung von Karosseriebauteilen im Serienprozess ableitet. Dazu werden zunächst Inline-Messysteme qualifiziert, welche zur Erfassung der Halbzeugeigenschaften am laufenden Band dienen. Im Anschluss an eine Charakterisierung der Schwankungen werden die erarbeiteten Erkenntnisse für numerische Untersuchungen genutzt sowie eine Validierung anhand von Realbauteilen aus dem Serienprozess vorgenommen. Die Untersuchungen zeigen, dass das Reibverhalten im Wesentlichen durch eine inhomogene Schmierstoffverteilung auf der Halbzeugoberfläche beeinflusst wird. Die Berücksichtigung der realen im Serienprozess vorliegenden tribologischen Bedingungen führt demnach zu einer Verbesserung der Vorhersagegenauigkeit in der Umformsimulation.

Physiology

Braunschweig beyond the familiar squares and magnificent buildings: drawings by an unknown artist reveal in detail the appearance and life of the city 260 years ago. Braunschweig had become a royal seat in the mid-18th century; Baroque buildings were springing up in the city centre, yet the long-obsolete fortifications still hemmed in the city, when an artist known to us today only by name wandered through the streets. In pencil drawings, each about a span in size, meticulously detailed and often naive, the artist Collier captured groups of houses and streets that had vanished just decades later, having been built over or clad in a new style. This is the unknown Braunschweig, away from the familiar squares and magnificent buildings: the half-timbered town whose value was only slowly rediscovered a hundred years later and which was almost completely destroyed a further half-century on. Yet the extensive collection of drawings has survived. Gerd Spies has now individually located these unique cityscapes and placed them within the context of city life at the time. This makes it possible to accompany Collier on his way through the streets of Braunschweig at the end of the 18th century, to see the houses, façades and courtyards through his eyes, and to locate the views depicted in 121 illustrations on a contemporary city map.

Community and participation have become central concepts in the nomination processes surrounding heritage, intersecting time and again with questions of territory. In this volume, anthropologists and legal scholars from France, Germany, Italy and the USA take up questions arising from these intertwined concerns from diverse perspectives: How and by whom were these concepts interpreted and re-interpreted, and what effects did they bring forth in their implementation? What impact was wielded by these terms, and what kinds of discursive formations did they bring forth? How do actors from local to national levels interpret these new components of the heritage regime, and how do actors within heritage-granting national and international bodies work it into their cultural and political agency? What is the role of experts and expertise, and when is scholarly knowledge expertise and when is it partisan? How do bureaucratic institutions translate the imperative of participation into concrete practices? Case studies from within and without the UNESCO matrix combine with essays probing larger concerns generated by the valuation and valorization of culture.

Ancient history: to c 500 CE

Wie ordnen sich gesellschaftliche Verhältnisse nach kriegerischer Gewalt neu? Und wie gehen Betroffene und Beteiligte mit weiterhin bestehenden unfriedlichen Beziehungen um? Am Fallbeispiel Sierra Leone untersucht Anne Menzel die Trennlinie zwischen der Zivilbevölkerung und (ehemaligen) Kämpfern, die sowohl in der Forschung zu Nachkriegsgesellschaften als auch in der Peacebuilding-Praxis meist als gegeben angesehen und ganz selbstverständlich gezogen wird. Ihre Studie eröffnet neue und überraschende Perspektiven, indem sie Einblick in das Entstehen und in die andauernde Praxis einer lokalen "Ästhetik der Gefährlichkeit" gibt, in der sich gerade keine eindeutige Trennung von Exkombattanten und Zivilbevölkerung ausmachen lässt.

The Anthropological Papers of the University of Arizona is a peer-reviewed monograph series sponsored by the School of Anthropology. Established in 1959, the series publishes archaeological and ethnographic papers that use contemporary method and theory to investigate problems of anthropological importance in the southwestern United States, Mexico, and related areas.

This open access book brings together varying perspectives for transformational change needed in India’s agriculture and allied sectors. Stressing the need of thinking for a post-Green Revolution future, the book promotes approaching this change through eight broad areas, indicating the policy shifts needed to meet the challenges for the coming decade (2021-2030). The book comprises of ten contributions. Apart from the overview chapter on transformational change and the concluding chapter on pathways for 2030, there are eight thematic chapters on topics such as transforming Indian agriculture, dietary diversity for nutritive and safe food; climate crisis and risk management; water in agriculture; pests, pandemics, preparedness and biosecurity natural farming; agroecology and biodiverse futures; science, technology and innovation in agriculture; and structural reforms and governance. The writing style of these papers written by technical experts is forward-looking—not merely an analysis of what has been and why it was so, but what ought to be. This is an essential reading for those interested in agriculture, food and nutrition sectors of India, and more so their interconnectedness.

The publication takes up the vision to rediscover the analog within activities of images, spaces and materials in the age of the digital. The contributions, based on digital lectures of the Excellence Cluster »Matters of Activity«, show paradigmatically how biology and technology, mind and material intertwine in a new way. Inspired by nature, objects and materials are rethought as active and recyclable processes.

This book evaluates the results of two decades of research in ‘history and computing’. In spite of the fact that a lot has been accomplished, the report indicates critical places for improvement. Many historians and other humanities scholars seem satisfied with standard office tools, which do not always suit their complex sources and research questions. While more and more archival sources have become available in digital form, there has not been enough attention to the development of computational methods to process and analyse them. As a result, the level of technical sophistication in many historical studies has remained rather low. The authors propose a new research agenda and provide requirements for an adequate research infrastructure for future historical information science.

Twenty-two authors from various countries analyze travelogues on the Ottoman Empire between the fifteenth and the nineteenth centuries. The volume discusses questions of perceptions of "otherness", the circulation of knowledge, intermedial relations, gender roles, and explores possibilities and limits of digital analysis.

This book is unique and of great importance for theologians from diverse traditions but who all share the relevance of the academic Reformed discourse. The book focuses on, and forms part of celebrating 500 years since the start of the Reformation during the 16th century. Its purpose is to commemorate the quincentenary anniversary of the Reformation in Europe and to indicate the way in which the rich legacy of this important period in the history of the church and society still influences globally the theological landscape in the fields of Practical Theology, Missiology and Ethics. Specific attention is given to the manner in which the core principles of the Reformation can be utilised for these disciplines and applied in a contemporary context. The Reformation changed the ecclesiastical landscape of the day and still provides the benchmark for theological principles and praxis in many Protestant denominations. This book illustrates and underscores the practical-theological legacy and importance of the Reformation for church and society. The collected works by various theologians reflect on the impact of Reformed Theology on their respective fields of expertise. The original research is based on literature studies and has not been published previously in any form. Its aim is to stimulate discourse in Theology and related disciplines. Although the chapters represent different perspectives, the collective aim is to propose the vast impact of the Reformational views as they relate to the current context. The target audience is Reformed theologians. This book focuses on ways in which the legacy of the Reformation addresses practical and relevant issues for 21st-century believers, scholars and churches. It explores inter alia important homiletical and liturgical aspects of the Reformation and contemplates the importance of continual reformation in this regard. Furthermore, it discusses a Reformed approach to apologetics, evaluates the driving forces behind the Reformation of the 16th century and its relevance to missions today as well as examines the sola Scriptura principle of the Reformation and provides a critical perspective on Prosperity Theology. Several pastoral themes take centre stage before various aspects of xenophobia and civil prejudice are being investigated – both being very relevant topics throughout the world today. The book also focuses on hermeneutics and ethics in a quest for a biblical ethical approach as well as congregational hymns in the Reformed churches of South Africa today. The research outcomes are relevant not only for the South African context, but also globally.

EU fundamental rights; constitutional law; international

Gestures convey information about culture, discourse, thought, intentionality, emotion, intersubjectivity, cognition, and first and second language acquisition. Additionally, they are used by non-human primates to communicate with their peers and with humans. Consequently, the modern field of gesture studies has attracted researchers from a number of different disciplines such as anthropology, cognitive science, communication, neuroscience, psycholinguistics, primatology, psychology, robotics, sociology and semiotics. This volume presents an overview of the depth and breadth of current research in gesture. Its focus is on the interdisciplinary nature of gesture. The chapters included in the volume are divided into six themes: the nature and functions of gesture, first language development and gesture, second language effects on gesture, gesture in the classroom and in problem solving, gesture aspects of discourse and interaction, and gestural analysis of music and dance.

Education