Humanities & Social Sciences

"Each year local and national economies throughout the world lose billions of dollars through so-called illicit financial flows. Conservative estimates indicate that over a billion dollars are diverted illegitimately out of countries in the Southern Hemisphere every year. This diversion of revenue reinforces poverty while facilitating the concentration of authority in the hands a select few through corruption and abuse of power. The authors’ objective with this book is to increase transparency in finance and global financial transactions. Understanding the phenomenon of illicit financial flows requires input from several disciplines including law, finance and economics, and much of what is known about illicit financial flows is thanks to whistleblowers and investigative journalists. This anthology highlights journalism about illicit, global financial activity from an interdisciplinary perspective. In conveying the experiences of whistleblowers and investigative journalists who have been involved with the Panama Papers, Paradise Papers, Lux Leaks and Swiss Leaks, the contributing authors underscore the need for journalism students to also learn the basics of economics, finance and law if they are to be able to carry out investigative projects in an increasingly more globalized economy. In the first part of the book, investigative journalists describe their work to expose corruption and capital flight, and whistleblowers in some of the most significant cases tell their stories, while lawyers and accountants explain what needs to be done at the legislative level. In the second half of the book, analyses of revelations of corruption and illegitimate financial flows are presented. The authors explore themes including the value of investigative journalism, new journalistic methods, inadequate protections for whistleblowers and the education of investigative journalists. This book will be of interest to anyone concerned about illicit financial flows, but especially to journalists, journalism students and journalism instructors seeking an understanding of what it takes to reveal the mechanisms behind illicit, global flows of wealth."

On 14 February 1995, the Constitutional Court of South Africa was inaugurated by President Nelson Mandela. In his inaugural speech, President Mandela remarked that the “future of our democracy” hinged on the existence and the work of the newly created Constitutional Court. Furthermore, President Mandela rightly asserted that it is the Constitutional Court’s task “to ensure that the values of freedom and equality which underlie our interim constitution – and which will surely be embodied in our final constitution – are nurtured and protected so that they may endure”. These sentiments are as true now as they were almost thirty years ago. However, whether and how the courts have nurtured and protected these sentiments over the last twenty-eight years is the topic that we want to address. This book serves as the first volume in a series of books that considers selected landmark judgments of the South African Constitutional Court.

Für die Gestaltung des Schulunterrichts und das gelernte Wissen spielen Lehrerinnen und Lehrer die zentrale Rolle. Bei ihrer Arbeit ist Kultur doppelt bedeutsam: als vermittelter Inhalt und als kulturelle Prägung. Lina Franken untersucht die Arbeitswelt von Lehrenden und deren subjektive Perspektiven auf den Unterricht. Welche Praktiken entwickeln sie? Wie verändern sich ihre Vorgehensweisen mit zunehmender Erfahrung? Welche Methoden und Materialen verwenden sie? Welche Rolle spielen die eigene Biografie und Identität? https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

Rather than theoretical or abstract, above all else, this monograph endeavors to serve as a practical guide, a handbook for helping us navigate a dark terrain. It neither presumes to examine the sources of evil nor suggest radical cures. These pages strive only to continue the process of naming the signs of individual evil that we might recognize these persons before they inflict even more damage. Scott Peck says it best. “If evil were easy to recognize, identify, and manage, there would be no need for this book.” Of course, he was referring to his own pioneering treatise; given the realities of our day, the need remains as great as ever.

Fracture toughness is generally considered as the main properties of a polymer or a polymer adhesive system for measuring the material resistance to the extension of cracks. Epoxy adhesives are generally brittle in nature; however, the addition of a second dispersed phase could induce a remarkable increase of damage tolerance performance by an enhancement of the material fracture toughness. The fracture behavior of a filled epoxy resin is strongly affected by the dimensions, the shape, and the chemical nature of the considered filler. The chapter describes the different toughening mechanisms for polymer adhesives with special attention toward innovative nanofiller such as graphene nanoplatelets and hyperbranched polymer nanoparticles.

Literary culture was adopted in Finland during the Middle Ages. The literary languages of Finnish society were Latin, Swedish, and Low German. Finnish-language literary culture gradually built on this foundation. In the Middle Ages, only single words and other short expressions were written in Finnish but gradually longer texts began to be written down as well. By the 1530s and 1540s, Finnish had developed into one of the literary languages of the Kingdom of Sweden’s multilingual society. Over the centuries of the early modern period, the use of written Finnish gradually expanded from institutional translated texts for ecclesiastical and administrative uses to edifying guidebooks and secular broadside ballads. In this volume, the history of written Finnish is explored in depth from its early stages up to the early 19th century. This book explores Old Literary Finnish and early Finnish texts from the diverse viewpoints of 21st century linguistics and textual studies. The topics covered include the medieval roots of literary culture, the cultural contexts and multilingualism of the early modern period, the spread of literary culture, the motives of those in power to publish in Finnish, translation and other modes of textual production, genres and paratexts, intertextuality, methods of literary interaction, orthography and other writing practices, language variation and foreign influences, the morphological and syntactic features characteristic of Old Literary Finnish, and methods of lexical growth. The book ends with a brief literary history of early modern Finnish-language texts. This book can be utilised for research and teaching, and is well suited as a source of general information for those interested in the history of written Finnish and old texts. Due to the book’s breadth of texts and presentation of relevant research, it also encourages further studies on the topic.

Entrepreneurship; Organization

Mathematics is a fundamental part of human thought and the literature highlights its need for reflective citizens in order to better understand people, the society and the world. It actually encourages logical reasoning and mental rigor, playing a crucial role in understanding the contents of other school subjects. This book collects papers, submitted at IV edition of the Seminar “INVALSI data: a research and teaching tool” held in Rome from 29th November to 1st December 2019, by both teachers and researchers about the didactics of mathematics, to debate and deepen this topic, sharing ideas, suggestions, and experiences. INVALSI data could be a useful tool to find new paths to help schools to improve teaching and learning process, indeed.

Will genome-based precision medicine fix the problem of race/ethnicity-based medicine? To answer this question, Sun and Ong propose the concept of racialization of precision medicine, defined as the social processes by which racial/ethnic categories are incorporated (or not) into the development, interpretation, and implementation of precision medicine research and practice. Drawing on interview data with physicians and scientists in the field of cancer care, this book addresses the following questions: Who are the racializers in precision medicine, how and why do they do it? Under what conditions do clinicians personalize medical treatments in the context of cancer therapies? The chapters elucidate different ways in which racialization occurs and reveal that there exists an inherent contradiction in the usage of race/ethnicity as precision medicine moves from bench to bedside. The relative resources theory is proposed to explain that whether race/ethnicity-based medicine will be replaced by genomic medicine depends on the resources available at the individual and systemic levels. Furthermore, this book expands on how racialization happens not only in pharmacogenomic drug efficacy studies, but also in drug toxicity studies and cost-effectiveness studies. An important resource for clinicians, researchers, public health policymakers, health economists, and journalists on how to deracialize precision medicine.

This volume presents new research on post-accession migration from Central and Eastern Europe in the short period since the EU enlargements of 2004 and 2007. Explanations of post-accession migration patterns, trends and mechanisms delve into the complexities of these phenomena. New groups of migrants and types of migrations are identified -- such as young migrants, often students or graduates, without family obligations and without clear plans concerning their future life. Case studies on Poland, Romania, Hungary and Latvia as well as the United Kingdom and Germany – being major destination countries – divulge the multifaceted nature of transition, whether in the form of labour migration, short-term mobility (including among international students) or return migration. The volume insightfully points towards future migration trends and sets guidelines for further research.

In Making Light Raymond Knapp traces the musical legacy of German Idealism as it led to the declining prestige of composers such as Haydn while influencing the development of American popular music in the nineteenth century. Knapp identifies in Haydn and in early popular American musical cultures such as minstrelsy and operetta a strain of high camp—a mode of engagement that relishes both the superficial and serious aspects of an aesthetic experience—that runs antithetical to German Idealism's musical paradigms. By considering the disservice done to Haydn by German Idealism alongside the emergence of musical camp in American popular music, Knapp outlines a common ground: a humanistically based aesthetic of shared pleasure that points to ways in which camp receptive modes might rejuvenate the original appeal of Haydn's music that has mostly eluded audiences. In so doing, Knapp remaps the historiographical modes and systems of critical evaluation that dominate musicology while troubling the divide between serious and popular music.

Sexual violence attains a high level of public attention, almost daily the media report about it. Also for the crime and justice policy, it was always a reason to discuss the sharpening and expansion of sentences. More astonishing is that hardly anyone has examined why relatively many persons is suspected of sexual violence, but only a small percentage is ever sentenced. This volume is intended to provide new insights by describing on the one hand the identified issues, and on the other hand analysing identification processes, selection processes and sentencing. This will be based on a census of investigations in two court districts in Lower Saxony.

As one of the defining theatre and opera directors in the German-speaking world, Jossi Wieler has developed his signature style by creating ideas through dialogue and dissecting works for their socio-political relevance for present-day audiences. In this volume, a range of voices shed light on his working methods, the significance of reciprocal inspiration in the creative process and the ethics of his aesthetic.

Based on 15 months of ethnographic research in the city of Alto Hospicio in northern Chile, this book describes how the residents use social media, and the consequences of this use in their daily lives. Nell Haynes argues that social media is a place where Alto Hospicio’s residents – or Hospiceños – express their feelings of marginalisation that result from living in city far from the national capital, and with a notoriously low quality of life compared to other urban areas in Chile. In actively distancing themselves from residents in cities such as Santiago, Hospiceños identify as marginalised citizens, and express a new kind of social norm. Yet Haynes finds that by contrasting their own lived experiences with those of people in metropolitan areas, Hospiceños are strengthening their own sense of community and the sense of normativity that shapes their daily lives. This exciting conclusion is illustrated by the range of social media posts about personal relationships, politics and national citizenship, particularly on Facebook.

"With a combined focus on social democrats in Northern and Southern Europe, this book crucially broadens our understanding of the transformation of European social democracy from the mid-1970s to the early-1990s. In doing so, it revisits the transformation of this ideological family at the end of the Cold War, and before the launch of Third Way politics, and examines the dynamics and power relations at play among European social democratic parties in a context of nascent globalization. The chronological, methodological and geographical approaches adopted allow for a more nuanced narrative of change for European social democracy than the hitherto dominant centric perspective. This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of social democracy, the European Centre-left, political parties, ideologies, and more broadly to comparative politics and European politics and history."