Humanities & Social Sciences

Although linguistic studies often focus on orality, literary studies generally give uneven attention to its representation, as writing has dominated European literature for centuries. Over time, however, the oral voice has continued to be heard within fictional writing, which has retained its connections to epic and storytelling traditions. Modern and contemporary writers even claim and explore its critical and creative potential. This volume brings together fifteen contributions that examine the forms and significance of orality in narrative fiction. Through first-person narratives, theatrical-style dialogues, or the inclusion of dialects to lend authenticity, orality shapes the world of the novel by simultaneously imitating reality and enhancing storytelling. The selected corpus, highlighting the diversity of French-language literatures, explores the range of techniques used to make characters' voices heard, staged, and individualized. A diachronic perspective—from eighteenth-century fiction to contemporary works—reveals the echoes and variations of orality across time and space, particularly between the shores of the Mediterranean.

The research presented in this book explores care and its circulation in Chinese transnational families that are split between China and Spain, and the paths these families’ children have taken through their lives so far: from their early years to their current position as young adults, with care, in its multiple dimensions and timescales – past, present and future – as the unifying thread. In doing so, it provides a contribution to the emerging body of research about care and transnational families and it posits the need to question hegemonic models of family, childhood and care, and to give voice and visibility to other actors, moving beyond the adult-centred perspective that dominates migration research. The ethnographic approach together with the focus on the day-to-day lives of these families, in which care is the core concept, as it permeates people’s lives and traverses society generationally, makes this book appealing to both scholars and general public.

Over the last decade, the role of diversity, migration, and representation in the German cultural sector has drastically changed. The PostHeimat network — a three-year experiment in networked solidarity between major German public theatres, migrant actors, directors, and researchers — grappled with how to think about home after migration. The contributions to this book document the problems and potentials of reflexive and research-based migrant theatre initiatives. Emerging from research encounters and performances across Germany, this study incorporates the critical perspectives of activists, artists, practitioners, scholars, and cultural mediators from these initiatives and does not shy away from an open reflection on the failures and pitfalls of well-intended cultural policies.

Mit Blick auf die Konstruktion nationaler Identitäten multilingualer Gemeinschaften kommt dem Großherzogtum Luxemburg durch seine spezifische Lage an der Nahtstelle zwischen germanischem und romanischem Kulturraum eine besondere Rolle zu. Isabell Baumann rekonstruiert den Emanzipationsprozess Luxemburgs von der Staatsgründung über die beiden Weltkriege bis zum Jahr 1984. Ein besonderes Augenmerk wird dabei auf die Konstruktionsmechanismen von Identität und ihre literarische Diskursivierung im Horizont einer sich herausbildenden Nationalliteratur gelegt.

This open access book engages with the difficulties of delivering community energy in practice, building on practical experiences in Ethiopia, Malawi, and Mozambique. In these countries, where many people lack access to electricity, community energy is an alternative to advance universal energy access. This book argues that, besides providing access, community energy is essential for achieving justice and resilience in sustainable energy transitions. Community energy combines off-grid infrastructures with innovative forms of governance to incorporate the perspectives of beneficiaries in the generation and distribution of electricity. Community energy has multiple benefits for communities, such as facilitating the adoption of renewable technologies, providing energy access where it is lacking, and building resilience. They also offer societal benefits beyond beneficiary communities, such as providing additional capacity to existing grids, delivering off-grid services where the grid is absent, and bridging on-grid and off-grid systems. Despite its promises, however, the adoption of community energy has been slow. This book presents a feminist-informed perspective on community energy to advance energy justice that puts disadvantaged communities at the centre of sustainable energy transitions. It also explores the room for manoeuvre within existing regulatory systems, supply chains, and delivery systems to facilitate its development. By engaging with existing experiences in community energy, the book demonstrates the potential of communities to gain control over their energy needs and resources and argues for the need to develop a wide range of transdisciplinary skills among policymakers, technicians and communities to deliver a just energy transition.

Industrial / commercial art & design

There is a palpable tension between the planning and implementation of climate targets, for instance as regards renewable energy resources — among which wind power plays a significant role. This tension comes to the fore when assessing the effectiveness of spatial planning approaches to the deployment of wind energy. Planning approaches to wind power are evaluated in three European urbanised regions: South Holland (Netherlands), Lower Austria (Austria) and East Flanders (Belgium). Each region has adopted wind energy targets and introduced zoned areas in its regional planning agenda. The theory of ‘new institutionalism’ and the comparative case study method are the two pillars of this investigation. Zoning may be considered as a form of institutional design, for the introduction of zoned areas not only determines the territorial spread of wind turbines, but also configures socio-organisational entities and actors involved in implementation (developers, local residents, consultants, and public authorities). The comparative approach demonstrates that planning choices in the three case studies often yield to the concerns of higher governance levels, clearly prioritising energy policy goals above local, contextual values. In consequence, ‘zones for wind energy’ do not always gain public acceptance at the local level. Indeed, the foundation for locally supported wind energy zones is laid down in the planning process itself. This process has the potential to institutionalise a trade-off between collective purposes at a higher governance level and locally changing contexts and values. On the other hand, planning agents need to be more aware of path dependencies in spatial decisions concerning renewable energy. One of the wider implications of the planning approaches studied is that they restrict, rather than promote development. Thus, when zoned areas had to be redrawn, local opposition or ‘unwillingness’ seriously restricted the amount of leeway for reaching a consensus about alternative locations. The reason was that the formal planning exercise (zoning wind energy) implied more than an impartial territorial designation: it also communicated social consensus on land-use decisions of ´where wind turbines would come´ and ´where they would not´.

Roots of language was originally published in 1981 by Karoma Press (Ann Arbor). It was the first work to systematically develop a theory first suggested by Coelho in the late nineteenth century: that the creation of creole languages somehow reflected universal properties of language. The book also proposed that the same set of properties would be found to emerge in normal first-language acquisition and must have emerged in the original evolution of language. These proposals, some of which were elaborated in an article in Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1984), were immediately controversial and gave rise to a great deal of subsequent research in creoles, much of it aimed at rebutting the theory. The book also served to legitimize and stimulate research in language evolution, a topic regarded as off-limits by linguists for over a century. The present edition contains a foreword by the author bringing the theory up to date; a fuller exposition of many of its aspects can be found in the author’s most recent work, More than nature needs (Harvard University Press, 2014).

In diesem Open-Access-Tagungsband werden die Erfahrungen mit der Corona-Pandemie durch renommierte Forscherinnen und Forscher wissenschaftlich reflektiert. Neben dem gesellschaftlichen und politischen Umgang mit Covid-19, geht es um vergangene Pandemien sowie zukünftige Infektionsgefahren. Die Akademie der Wissenschaften in Hamburg veranstaltete im April 2022 das Symposium „Infektionen und Gesellschaft – was haben wir gelernt?“. Im interdisziplinären Diskurs ging es darum, die Bedrohung durch Infektionserreger zu eruieren und die Reaktionsmöglichkeiten der Gesellschaft auszuloten. Das Symposium wurde von der Arbeitsgruppe „Infektionsforschung und Gesellschaft“ der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Hamburg konzipiert.

»Der Beruf ist das Rückgrat des Lebens und seine Wahl die wichtigste Entscheidung, die der Mensch treffen muss.« Nietzsche Zu den zentralen Aufgaben der Gymnasien gehört es, Jugendliche auf dem Weg in die Arbeits- und Studienwelt zu begleiten und sie dabei zu unterstützen, einen geeigneten Beruf auszuwählen. Sich stetig wandelnde Anforderungen der modernen Berufswelt verändern auch die Ansprüche an die Berufsvorbereitung in den Schulen. Der Bildungsföderalismus in Deutschland bedingt dabei, dass die Ausgestaltung der beruflichen Orientierung am Gymnasium Ländersache ist. Dieses Buch bietet neben einer Situationsanalyse des bayerischen Konzepts auch Handlungshinweise für die Praxis, welche Lehrkräften, Schulleitungen, Eltern und potenziellen Arbeitgebern bei ihrer Unterstützung von Berufswählern dienlich sein sollen. Markante Kennzeichen und Unterschiede der länderspezifischen Lehrplanvorgaben, deren Stärken und Schwächen sowie mögliche Konsequenzen und Optimierungsvorschläge für die Praxis am bayerischen Gymnasium werden aufgezeigt und sollen so zur erfolgreichen Berufswahl beitragen.

Die produzierende Industrie strebt im Rahmen der vierten industriellen Revolution, Industrie 4.0, die Optimierung der klassischen Zielgrößen Qualität, Kosten und Zeit sowie Ressourceneffizienz, Flexibilität, Wandlungsfähigkeit und Resilienz in globalen, volatilen Märkten an. Im Mittelpunkt steht die Entwicklung von Smart Factories, in denen sich relevante Objekte, Produktions-, Logistik- und Informationssysteme sowie der Mensch vernetzen. Cyber-physische Systeme (CPS) tragen als sensorisierte und aktorisierte, resiliente und intelligente Gesamtsysteme dazu bei, Produktionsprozesse und -maschinen sowie die Produktqualität zu kontrollieren. Vordergründig wird die technische Komplexität von Produktionssystemen und damit auch zugehöriger Instandhaltungsprozesse durch die Anforderungen an deren Wandlungsfähigkeit und den zunehmenden Automatisierungsgrad ansteigen. Heraus-forderungen bei der Entwicklung und Implementierung von CPS liegen in fehlenden Interoperabilitäts- und Referenzarchitekturkonzepten sowie der unzureichend definierten Interaktion von Mensch und CPS begründet. Sozio-cyber-physische Systeme (Sozio-CPS) fokussieren die bidirektionale Interaktion von Mensch und CPS und adressieren diese Problemstellung. Gegenstand und Zielstellung dieser Dissertationsschrift ist die Definition von Sozio-CPS in der Domäne der Zustands- und Prozessüberwachung von Smart Factories. Untersucht werden dabei Nutzungsszenarien von Sozio-CPS, die ganzheitliche Formulierung von Systemarchitekturen sowie die Validierung der entwickelten Lösungsansätze in industriellen Anwendungsszenarien. Eine erfolgreiche Umsetzung von Sozio-CPS in drei heterogenen Validierungsszenarien beweist die Korrektheit und Anwendbarkeit der Lösungsansätze.

Mathematics Education; Learning; Teaching

This open access book is based on selected presentations from Topic Study Group 21: Mathematical Applications and Modelling in the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics at the 13th International Congress on Mathematical Education (ICME 13), held in Hamburg, Germany on July 24–31, 2016. It contributes to the theory, research and teaching practice concerning this key topic by taking into account the importance of relations between mathematics and the real world. Further, the book addresses the “balancing act” between developing students’ modelling skills on the one hand, and using modelling to help them learn mathematics on the other, which arises from the integration of modelling into classrooms. The contributions, prepared by authors from 9 countries, reflect the spectrum of international debates on the topic, and the examples presented span schooling from years 1 to 12, teacher education, and teaching modelling at the tertiary level. In addition the book highlights professional learning and development for in-service teachers, particularly in systems where the introduction of modelling into curricula means reassessing how mathematics is taught. Given its scope, the book will appeal to researchers and teacher educators in mathematics education, as well as pre-service teachers and school and university educators

Arendt, Eichmann and the Politics of the Past offers a critical analysis of the original American debate over Hannah Arendt’s report of the trial of Adolf Eichmann. First published in 2008, Tuija Parvikko’s book discusses both the campaign against Arendt organised by American Zionist organisations and the controversy Arendt’s report caused within American Jewish intellectual circles. Parvikko’s analysis carefully draws from the historical background of the report, discussing Arendt’s early studies of Zionism and her critique of the Jewish state. The volume also gives an account of Eichmann’s capture in Argentina and the reception of the report among legal scholars and the world press.;This edition includes a new prologue in which Parvikko reflects on her own account in connection to recent academic discussions on the controversy. The author’s analysis also covers contributions that have attempted to follow Arendt’s notion of thinking without banisters. With them, Parvikko engages in debate about going beyond Arendt’s theoretical reflections on cohabitation, sharing the world, and discussing the new political evils of the present world without pregiven norms and patterns of thought.

When fans become researchers, crossing boundaries is part of it. Citizen science makes it possible to change sides and perspectives, which can lead to productive exchanges of knowledge and experience in scholarship and society. This volume discusses the possibilities and limits of citizen science in media and cultural studies, and is the first to bring together the two disciplines of citizen science and fan research.