Education & Pedagogy

Authors of these books spend little energy on defending multiculturalism and instead focus on specific programs, strategies, and outcomes of multicultural teaching practices in higher education. Two of the books focus on the challenges of teacher education in the face of growing diversity; the third concerns multicultural teaching at the university. (SLD)

Addresses the question, "What is Indian about Indian education?" as a move toward a theory of Indian education. Interviews with American Indian and Alaska Native graduate education students at Harvard suggested 12 standards for shaping Indian education: spirituality, service to community, identity, culture, continuity with tradition, respect, history, relentlessness, vitality, culture conflict, territory, and transformation of cross-cultural relationships. (KS)

Different manifestations of vocationalism (schooling directed toward specific occupations) have generated strikingly similar educational practices and ideologies in educational systems of both developing and developed nations. Discusses vocational differentiation of secondary and postsecondary education in various countries, sources of opposition and support, failures of vocationalized approaches to education, and larger consequences such as "inflation" of employment qualifications. (SV)

Asserts that both efficiency and equity have been used as rationales for governmental support of postsecondary vocational education, but research has been hampered by inadequate data. Finds that postsecondary vocational education has positive effects on individual economic outcomes, but these effects are not found in all target groups. (CFR)

Describes a teacher education program in which preservice music teachers observed music classes and kept a weekly journal. Maintains that collaborative efforts involving preservice teachers, classroom teachers, and teacher educators can lead to a successful preservice education program. (CFR)

A three-year study examined the role of outdoor education centers in Wales; strategies for establishing closer links between outdoor education centers and the schools they serve; and the adequacy of inservice teacher education in meeting the needs of school teachers and center staff. (LP)

Draws on a range of recent curriculum development and research initiatives in order to consider what preservice teacher education programs might, most effectively, be able to do to promote environmental education within schools and, through them, within the wider community. Concludes with a set of organizational principles. (LZ)

Earth's current ecological crisis, rooted in modernist culture, threatens extinction in a historically distinct new manner. Western educators have responded by creating environmental education. Many educators' and authors' voices are the living roots of a transformative and prophetic holistic education for a postmodern world and must be heard within education. (SM)

Describes the diverse assumptions and practices defined under the banner of cultural studies, suggesting how the field might have important consequences for individuals concerned with reforming schools and colleges of education. The paper addresses how progressive educators might contribute, examining how the field could be included in the larger discourse of social reconstruction. (SM)

Discusses the distance education programs of nine SEAMEO (Southeast Asia Ministers of Education Organization) countries. Highlights include technological advances and technology needs; educational reform; formal and nonformal education; educational resource centers; educational media including print materials, broadcast media, and audiovisual materials; open universities; elementary, secondary, and higher education; and program developments and problems. (AEF)

The paper examines the implications of two different theoretical approaches for teacher education (Erickson's cultural differences theory and Ogbu's secondary cultural discontinuity theory), suggesting a multicultural education curriculum that incorporates a composite of both theories in order to assist future teachers in combatting the problem of minority underachievement. (SM)

Describes China's policies for lifelong education in the 1980s and 1990s undertaken as part of the country's modernization program. Reviews policies related to primary and secondary education, vocational education, workers' inservice training, continuing education for specialists, expansion of evening and correspondence courses, gerontology, and examinations for independent learners. (MAB)

Dutch colleges of education for primary school teachers have undergone several mergers. The article examines how to fully utilize primary teacher education characteristics in large institutions of higher vocational education. It describes studies of integration and differentiation in other countries, concluding that mergers threaten the educational identity of teacher training. (SM)

Professions have theoretical knowledge, autonomy, public sanction, an ethical code, a professional culture, and credentialing. The articles included here present considerations for professionalizing health education, leisure, dance, aquatics, and coaching. Each area is represented by a national association of the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance. (IAH)

Examines the private sector's historic role in human capital investment, emphasizing its contemporary interest in public education and the workforce. Private sector philanthropy is currently an issue of survival to public education. An important private sector role is to act as a political catalyst to push through essential educational reform. (SM)