Science & Mathematics

Maqolada xalqimiz iste’mol qilishda eng koʻp foydalanadigan galla ekini-bahorgi bugʻdoyning Qoraqalpogʻiston Respublikasi oʻtloqi allyuvial tuproqlarida ekish muddatlari va mineral oʻgʻit berish me’yorlarining fenologiyaliq fazalari oʻtishiga ta’siri muhokama qilingan. Tadqiqotlarda bahorgi buǵdoyning ekish muddatlari boʻyicha nihollarning oʻnib chiqishi, tuplash fazasi, boshoq chiqarish, gullash, pishish va oʻsimliklarning oʻsib-rivojalnish fenologik fazalaridan oʻtish taxlil qilingan. Olingan ma’lumotlar boyicha fenologik kuzatuvlarga qaraganda tuplash fazasi bahorda mart oyida boshlanib aprelgacha har variantlarda turli vaqtda kuzatildi.

The formation of new aerosol particles in the atmosphere is a key process influencing the aerosol number concentration as well as the climate, in particular at high altitude, where the newly formed particles directly influence cloud formation. However, free tropospheric new particle formation (NPF) is poorly documented due to logistic limitations and complex atmospheric dynamics around high-altitude stations that make the observation of this daytime process challenging. Recent improvements in measurement techniques make now possible the detection of neutral clusters down to ∼ 1 nm sizes, which opens new horizons in our understanding of the nucleation process. Indeed, only the charged fraction of clusters has been reported in the upper troposphere up to now. Here we report daytime concentrations of charged and neutral clusters (1 to 2.5 nm mobility diameter) recorded at the interface between the boundary layer (BL) and the FT as well as in the FT at the altitude site of Puy de Dôme (1465 m a.s.l.), central France, between 10 and 29 February 2012. Our findings demonstrate that in the FT, and especially at the interface between the BL and the FT, the formation of 1.5 nm neutral clusters significantly exceeds the one of ionic clusters during NPF events, clearly indicating that they dominate in the nucleation process. We also observe that the total cluster concentration significantly increases during NPF events compared to the other days, which was not clearly observed for the charged cluster population in the past. During the studied period, the nucleation process does not seem to be sulfuric acid-limited and could be promoted by the transport of pollutants to the upper troposphere, coupled with low temperatures.

Mesonerilla dannyi sp. nov.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: AF47235F-7D0A-464E-904C-61D83C1E2AA3Figs 13–14; Table 6DiagnosisHermaphroditic Mesonerilla with three antennae and equally short parapodial cirri on segments II–VIII. Segment I with short, ovoid cirri and lacking chaetae. Hermaphroditic with two pairs of spermioducts with separate openings in segments VI, VII, and one pair of oviducts opening in segment VIII.EtymologyNamed in honour of Danny Eibye-Jacobsen, in recognition of his valuable contributions to annelid taxonomy and systematics, as well as his highly appreciated mentorship of the first author.Type materialHolotypeSOUTH KOREA • adult; Jeju Island, Munseom Islet; 33.22779° N, 126.5675° E; shell gravel with mud at 25 meters depth; 24 May 2018; K. Worsaae and T. Park leg.; NIBRIV0000924486 as permanent whole mount.ParatypesSOUTH KOREA • 2 adults; Jeju Island, Seopseom Islet; 33.2304° N, 126.6015° E; shell gravel at 15 meters depth; 25 May 2018; K. Worsaae and T. Park leg.; NHMD 1842024, NHMD 1842025 mounted on SEM stubs.Representative DNA sequencesGenBank accession numbers PQ149847 (nuclear 18S rRNA), PQ149827 (nuclear 28S rRNA) and PQ570598 (nuclear H3); from specimen with same collection data as holotype (Table 1).DescriptionMeasurements are based on LM of holotype, counts and ciliation from SEM; values for paratypes are given in parentheses. Body with nine segments (Figs 13A, 14A), total length about 875 µm long (810– 985 µm, n = 3). Trunk segments up to about 185 µm wide including parapodia (155–185 µm, n = 3), about 120 µm (115–135 µm, n = 3) excluding parapodia. Segment lengths of paratype 72, 69, 86, 102, 92, 112, 88, 77, 49 µm.Round prostomium with palps and antennae lost in all mounted specimens, but median antennal and lateral antennal scars observed in SEM (las, ma, Fig. 13A–B). Eyes absent. Nuchal organs visible with CLSM and SEM (no, Fig. 14B).Parapodial cirri in segments I–IX. Segment I with short cylindrical cirri, 35 µm long (33 µm long, n = 1) (bc, Fig. 13B). Segments II–VIII with cylindrical, slightly tapering cirri, up to 65 µm long (54–74 µm long, n = 3), similar in length, slightly shorter cirri on segment VIII (pc, Fig. 13C). Only regenerating pygidial cirri were observed (rpc, Fig. 13D).Compound chaetae in segments II–IX, with up to 12 chaetae per parapodium and maximum 180 µm long (128–155 µm long, n = 2) (cc, Fig. 14A).Prostomium with anterior and posterior fields of presumed sensory cilia (acf, Fig. 14B). Paired, densely ciliated nuchal organs on dorsolateral border between prostomium and segment I (no, Fig. 14B). Ventral ciliation consisting of i) densely ciliated mouth (mo, Fig. 14C), ii) midventral longitudinal ciliary band extending from mouth to pygidium (vc, Fig. 14C–D) and iii) transverse rows of up to about 10 small ciliary tufts at level of parapodia (tvc, Fig. 14D). Multiple single cilia scattered on dorsal, lateral, and ventral sides of body. Many cilia lost during preparation.Three lateral enteronephridia extending from posterior end of stomach along the hindgut until pygidium (Fig. 13F). Spermioducts present in segments VI and VII with posterior ventral opening. Two relatively long and slender oviducts opening ventrally in segment VIII (so, ovo, Figs 13E, 14D).Distribution and habitatEastern coast of Seopseom Islet and southern coast of Munseom Islet, south of Jeju Island, South Korea. Collected from 25 meters depth from shell gravel with mud. Associated nerillids from Munseom Islet include Leptonerilla westheidei sp. nov., M. harubangi sp. nov. and Nerillidium sp. 1.Molecular informationMesonerilla dannyi sp. nov. is found as sister group to a clade composed of M. gamaglandulata sp. nov., Mesonerilla roscovita and Mesonerilla armoricana (PP/BS: 1/99).Mesonerilla dannyi sp. nov., like M. gamaglandulata sp. nov., has a high sequence similarity of 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA to three hermaphroditic Mesonerilla.Pairwise comparison of M. dannyi sp. nov. sequence similarity to other hermaphroditic Mesonerilla and Nipponerilla irabuensis: 18S rRNA – 98.88–99.04% similar to its sister group (clade comprising M. gamaglandulata sp. nov., M. roscovita and M. armoricana) – 99.11% similar to M. fagei – 97.52% similar to N. irabuensis; 28S rRNA – 89.42% similar to its sister group – 90.85% similar to M. fagei – 84.86% similar to N. irabuensis; COI – 72.86% similar to its sister group – 68.07% similar to N. irabuensis.Remarks (see also Table 6 for comparisons of morphologically similar nerillids)Mesonerilla dannyi sp. nov. is morphologically most similar to the hermaphroditic Mesonerilla (Levi 1953; Swedmark 1959; Worsaae et al. 2019a), due to its nine-segmented body, compound chaetae, three antennae, equally short and single parapodial cirri in segments II–VIII, and its configuration of gonoducts. It shares the absence of chaetae in segment I with M. roscovita and M. armoricana as well as the presence of short, ovoid cirri with M. fagei. Similar to M. armoricana, M. fagei and M. gamaglandulata sp. nov., cirri on the last segment are similar or nearly equal in length to cirri in the remaining trunk segments (Levi 1953; Swedmark 1959; Worsaae et al. 2019a).

Проведен сравнительный анализ клинико-лабораторных параметров у 80 пациентов (28 -ревматоидный артрит (РА) с дентальной имплантацией, 27 – имплантация без РА, 25 - РА без имплантации). Изученыуровни провоспалительных и противовоспалительных цитокинов (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10), показатели минеральногообмена (Ca, витамин D3, С-реактивный белок, лейкоциты) и костной плотности (КЛКТ в НU). Статистическийанализ проведен в SPSS 26.0 с применением t критерия, критерия Манна–Уитни и дисперсионного анализа(ANOVA). Выявлены значимые корреляции: положительная между IL-6 и CRP (ρ≈+0.60, p<0.001), отрицательнаямежду IL-6 и плотностью кости (ρ≈–0.50, p<0.001), между TNF-α и Ca (ρ≈–0.35, p<0.01) и др. (см. Таблицы 1–8).У пациентов с РА достоверно выше уровни TNF-α и IL-6, ниже – IL-10 и костная плотность по сравнению создоровыми. Частота периимплантита оказалась выше в группе РА. Полученные данные позволяют выделитьпатогенетически обусловленные маркеры (цитокины, минеральные параметры), влияющие на исход дентальнойимплантации у больных с РА.

Ushbu maqolada zamonaviy ta’lim tizimida sun’iy intellekt texnologiyalarining tutgan o‘rni va ahamiyati yoritib berilgan. Maqolada sun’iy intellekt asosida ishlovchi ta’lim platformalari, baholash tizimlari va masofaviy ta’lim jarayonidagi imkoniyatlar tahlil qilingan. Shuningdek, sun’iy intellekt texnologiyalarining ta’lim sifatini oshirishdagi roli, o‘quvchilar bilimini individuallashtirishdagi ahamiyati hamda ularni joriy etishda uchraydigan muammolar haqida fikr yuritilgan. Mazkur maqola talaba va yosh tadqiqotchilar uchun foydali bo‘lishi mumkin.

Cet article porte sur la manière dont le désir, qui se situe du côté de l’irreprésentable, peut être créé, voire co-construit sur la scène théâtrale. Il examine les mises en scène du Partage de midi de Paul Claudel, notamment l’interprétation de Marina Hands et Éric Ruf en 2007 à la Comédie-Française. Il montre en quoi la mise en scène du désir se fonde en grande partie sur l’improvisation des acteurs et sur l’idée d’un duo-duel dansé, constamment mis en tension.

Depuis les années 1950, on note un paradoxe entre deux concepts : d'un côté, l'émergence croissante des entreprises de l'agro-alimentaire qui ont pour mission de pousser les consommateurs à toujours plus acheter, et de l'autre, les stars des régimes qui eux, poussent la population à consommer différemment. Cette dernière vision est souvent en adéquation avec un idéal physique, et ce, au détriment parfois même de la santé et en négligeant les recommandations de prévention dispensées par les instances. Cette problématique suscite une réflexion et un questionnement : comment concilier prévention-santé et libre consommation dans notre société ? Ou, en d'autres termes, comment allier plaisir de manger et santé publique ? Le principe du jeûne est simple. L'idée est d'alterner une phase d'alimentation et une phase de privation afin de laisser l'organisme au repos.

In recent years, efforts to increase comparability in random incidence sound absorption measurements have been studied in relation to updating of ISO 354. New and faster measurement setups have improved efficiency in laboratories. These setups also give the possibility to make more measurements on the same sample without much more effort. The uncertainty related to the repeatability in laboratories can hereby potentially be improved. Using combinations of multiple empty room measurements and multiple measurements with a sample, a range of results for &ₐlpha;_s, &ₐlpha;_p, and &ₐlpha;_w for exactly the same sample can be reached. This holds a potential in research for dealing with the influence from pure measurement randomness. A look into this is presented.

The energy and territorial transition in which French and European environmental policy is embedded raises the issue of sustainable management of radioactive waste. In this context, IRSN has launched an innovative deliberative action-research approach based on the issue of the management of so-called "very low activity" waste (VLLW). A multi-actor, multi-expertise and multi-criteria approach has been set up for this purpose. This paper proposes an overview of the contributions and limitations of the multi-actor and multi-criteria approach for the sustainable management of VLLW waste. These aspects are discussed following a three phases approach. The core methodology focus on the management scenarios that are considered by experts and stakeholders based both on a "reasoned" voting protocol and a multi-criteria hierarchical process (multi-expertise and multi-stakeholder). This paper presents at an early stage a way to frame a methodology.

Dans le cadre d'une thèse CIFRE chez Thales Research & Technology et au LORIA, débutée en 2015, nous étudions le chargement dynamique et la dégradation contrôlée d'un ensemble applicatif distribué, à criticités multiples, sur un réseau maillé. Il y a aujourd'hui une demande croissante en termes de systèmes temps réel distribués capables de supporter des ensembles applicatifs à criticités multiples. Dans les contextes de l'avionique ou du spatial par exemple, les contraintes de sûreté et de temps réel se superposent à celles liées aux coûts, à la consommation énergétique ou encore à l'espace disponible au sein du véhicule. Nous envisageons une nouvelle approche basée sur un réseau maillé de calculateurs, qui soit à la fois résilient et auto-reconfigurable de façon dynamique. Nos travaux s'intéressent au comportement de ce réseau ainsi qu'à sa modélisation, afin de démontrer sa viabilité pour supporter des ensembles applicatifs embarqués temps réel à criticité mixte. Dans ce document, nous proposons un aperçu des technologies d'interconnexion existantes et les confrontons a nos besoins, afin d'analyser les problématiques apportées par notre projet.

This paper proposes a computational framework for microstructure evolution in three dimensions by coupling large deformation Cosserat isotropic hyperelasticity with a phase-field model to take into account grain boundary motion. At the microscale level, each material point has an associated crystal lattice orientation described through the Cosserat micro-rotation to which a parametrization has been assigned to tackle all possible singularities. Discretization by finite elements leads to a strongly nonlinear, coupled system that can be resolved using the classic Newton-Raphson method. In order to reduce computation time and effort, a parallel computing mechanism based on domain decomposition is adopted. To avoid the ill-conditioning inherent to the monolithic coupled system, an iterative staggered scheme was implemented to solve the approximate problem, whose convergence is achieved by setting a fixed point criterion characterized by stagnation of the phase-field variable.

Le marché français du transport voyageur par train est ouvert à la concurrence depuis 2021. Pour y faire face, la direction du matériel SNCF a développé un vaste programme de transformation digitale pour moderniser ses usines de réparation de train. Cet article explore la rencontre entre l’IT historique et les nouvelles technologies digitales dans les pratiques de management intermédiaire. Plus particulièrement, nous interrogeons en quoi les outils digitaux peuvent favoriser le développement de l’ambidextrie IT dans une organisation publique. A partir d’une ethnographie organisationnelle de trois ans, nous identifions trois leviers de développement : un accompagnement du top management dans l’autorisation à l’exploration IT, une réflexion sur les réelles marges de manoeuvre du manager intermédiaire dans cette exploration et l’évaluation des tâches chronophages de saisies reportées sur ce même management. Nous discutons enfin les implications au regard de la littérature.

The periodically supported beam is an analytical model of the dynamics of a railway track, where each rail together with its supports (sleepers) is independent of the other one. However , the sleepers connect the two rails and their behaviour could influence the response. This study develops an analytical model for this type of track by considering the sleepers as Euler-Bernoulli beams resting on a visco-elastic foundation. By using a relation between the reaction forces and displacement of the periodically supported beam [1], we can obtain a dynamic equation of a sleeper based on Dirac delta distribution. Then, the response of the sleepers can be obtained by using the Green function. This model is a fast method to calculate the dynamic responses of railway sleepers and track.