Science & Mathematics

To understand the proper use of medicines, patients need to be educated by pharmacists through patient counselling. It is a process where pharmacists guide patients on the correct use of their prescribed drugs. The primary objective of patient counselling is to promote the rational use of medicines, thereby enhancing therapeutic effectiveness. Clinical pharmacists play a vital role in this process, as effective counselling is a key element in achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes. Counselling is the application of the full range of communication skills in a specific area of professional expertise. Dispensing medicines to patients or their representatives is not limited to simply handing over a kit of drugs; it also involves ensuring that the right medication reaches the right person, along with accurate information. Clinical pharmacists are in regular communication with patients and take part in making clinical interventions, along with the countless technical tasks done behind the counter. Their contribution is crucial in enhancing patients’ understanding of their medical conditions and treatment. Pharmacists help reduce medication errors, minimise adverse events and drug interactions, and improve patient adherence. Effective patient counselling helps individuals gain a clearer understanding of their illness, the required lifestyle modifications, and their pharmacotherapy, thereby improving treatment adherence. Pharmacists hold a significant responsibility in counselling patients with chronic conditions. To be effective, a counselling pharmacist must have comprehensive knowledge and strong communication abilities, utilising both verbal and non-verbal skills. This might assist the client in focusing on feelings, experiences, or behaviour with the goal of achieving positive change and establishing a trusting connection. Confidentiality is essential for successful counselling. Through patient counselling, pharmacists must educate patients on how to effectively use medications. The main goal of patient counselling is the rational use of medicines. Hence, it shows patient counselling improves therapeutic efficacy.

Hinduizm, M.Ö. iki binli yıllardan günümüze kadar Hint alt kıtasında başta Hindistan, Nepal, Pakistan, Endonezya, Bangladeş gibi çeşitli ülkelerde varlığını devam ettiren en eski dini geleneklerden biridir. Özellikle Hint alt kıtasında dinlerin bir karması şeklinde olması, bu dinin renkli bir kültüre sahip olmasına neden olmuştur. İlkel kabilelerden birçok dini geleneğe kadar kutsal ağaç motifi, insanoğlu için önemli bir yer teşkil etmiştir. Hindu dini geleneğinde de kutsal ağaçlar her daim dini ve kültürel açıdan ön planda olmuştur. Hindu tapınaklarının bulunduğu kutsal mekanlarda, evlerde ve bunların dışındaki yerlerde insanlar tarafından kendilerine kutsiyet atfedilmiş ağaçlar bulunmaktadır. Bu kutsal kabul edilen ağaçlarla ilgili göze çarpan en önemli inanış ve uygulama ise sembolikte olsa ağaç evlilikleridir. Özellikle insan-ağaç, ağaç-ağaç evlilikleri Hint toplumunda rastlanan uygulamalardandır. Bunun yanı sıra Hindu geleneğindeki kutsal ağaçların tanrıları temsil etmesi, fiziki yapısından dolayı çeşitli anlamlar yüklenilmesi, doğurganlık ve bereket sembolü olması, kendilerine dilek ve temennilerde bulunulması, tedavi amaçlı kullanılması gibi özelliklerinden dolayı da ele alınıp incelenmesi gerektiği kanaatindeyiz. Bu makalede Hindu geleneğindeki bazı kutsal ağaçlar ve bu ağaçlarla ilgili inanış ve uygulamaları çeşitli açılardan ele alıp değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktayız.

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As in other parts of the Indian subcontinent, Karnataka has a long history of Zilla panchayat and Panchayat Raj Institution dating right back to the Vedic ages. But over the centuries the region witnessed a gradual decline of village autonomy. The Government appoints the Chief Executive Officer to carry out administration of Zilla Panchayat and also appoints Chief Accounts Officer, Chief Planning Officer and one or more Deputy Secretaries who work directly under the Chief Executive Officer and assist him, at Taluk Level Executive officers help CEO in implementing Taluk Level Programmes.

Due to the impact of the global financial crisis, since 2010 Vietnam's economy began to decline, production and business activities of enterprises faced many difficulties leading to bad debt ratios at credit institutions tend to rise and having complicated movements. In order to stabilize the situation, in 2013, the State Bank established the Vietnam Asset Management Company (VAMC). VAMC's activities have brought about certain results in resolving bad debts of credit institutions. This study focuses on VAMC's bad debt handling activities from 2013 to 2018, draws on successful experiences as well as restrictions and recommends some recommendations to enhance bad debt handling efficiency of VAMC

Mazkur ilmiy maqolada O‘zbekiston iqtisodiyotida iqtisodiy o‘sish va mehnat bozori ko‘rsatkichlarining o‘zarobog‘liqligi kompleks tarzda tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot jarayonida yalpi ichki mahsulot (YAIM) o‘sish sur’atlari, bandlik darajasihamda mehnat resurslari dinamikasi rasmiy statistik ma’lumotlar asosida o‘rganildi.Tahlil natijalari iqtisodiy o‘sish va mehnat bozori ko‘rsatkichlari o‘rtasidagi nisbatlarni umumiy makroiqtisodiy qonuniyatlar,xususan, Okun qonuni doirasida izohlash imkonini berdi. Aniqlanishicha, YAIM o‘sish sur’atlari va bandlik darajasio‘rtasida muayyan bog‘liqlik mavjud bo‘lib, uning kuchi va xarakteri iqtisodiyotning tarkibiy xususiyatlariga bog‘liq ravishdafarqlanadi.Shuningdek, mehnat bozorida kuzatilayotgan asosiy tendensiyalar tizimli tahlil qilindi. Tadqiqot yakunida iqtisodiyo‘sishning mehnat bozoriga ta’sirini kuchaytirish, bandlik sifatini oshirish hamda mehnat resurslaridan samaralifoydalanishni ta’minlashga qaratilgan ilmiy-amaliy tavsiyalar ishlab chiqildi

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Fucus lycopodioides Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, ed. 12, 2: 717. 1767. RCN: 8329. Lectotype (Athanasiadis, Taxon. Litt. Biogeogr. Skand. Rödalg. Brunalg .: 59. 1996): Herb. Linn. No. 1274.20 (LINN). Current name: Rhodomela lycopodioides (L.) C. Agardh (Rhodomelaceae).

Resumo: A estimulação precoce é um pilar essencial para o desenvolvimento infantil, aproveitando a neuroplasticidade dos primeiros anos de vida para minimizar o impacto de condições adversas como prematuridade, Paralisia Cerebral, Síndrome de Down e Transtorno do Espectro Autista. A Terapia Ocupacional desempenha papel central nesse processo, focando no desempenho ocupacional, no brincar e na capacitação familiar. Contudo, o protagonismo clínico da profissão não se reflete proporcionalmente na produção científica. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar o panorama da estimulação precoce no Brasil através de uma revisão narrativa e bibliométrica stricto sensu no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES. Os resultados revelaram um cenário de pesquisa pujante (N=173 trabalhos), liderado massivamente por programas de Educação (27 trabalhos) e Psicologia (11 trabalhos). Em contraste, o cruzamento específico com a "Terapia Ocupacional" retornou apenas 8 trabalhos (4,6% do total). A análise qualitativa evidenciou uma diluição interdisciplinar alarmante, com a profissão "terceirizando" suas pesquisas para áreas afins (Educação Física, Fisioterapia, Educação Especial). Conclui-se que há uma desconexão entre a prática clínica do terapeuta ocupacional e a geração de evidências acadêmicas próprias. Superar esse paradoxo exige o fortalecimento de programas de pós-graduação específicos em Terapia Ocupacional, essenciais para a validação de testes e a consolidação de intervenções genuinamente ocupacionais e focadas na funcionalidade infantil. Palavras-chave: Terapia Ocupacional; Estimulação Precoce; Desenvolvimento Infantil; Neuroplasticidade; Produção Científica.

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En la práctica teatral contemporánea de vanguardia (desde Meyerhold y Artaud hasta Grotowski y Barba) el actor performer ya no remite siempre a una persona verdadera, a un individuo que forma un todo, a una serie de emociones. Ahora, se persigue inscribir el gesto original y definitivo y, para alcanzar este ideal, el actor performer huye de significar a través de una mera transposición e imitación, para intentar construir sus significaciones partiendo de elementos aislados que extrae de partes de su cuerpo (neutralizando el resto): manos que imitan toda una acción, iluminación de la boca que excluye el resto del cuerpo o voz del narrador que propone relatos e interpreta sucesivamente varios papeles. Kandinsky, Miró, Pollock o Delaunay tienen mucho que ver en esta importancia determinante concedida a la gestualidad en el universo dramático actual.

Abstract: In recent years, architectural visual pollution from high-rise buildings has emerged as a pressing issue in developing regions such as Kurdistan-Iraq, negatively impacting urban aesthetics and residents' well-being, yet it remains underexplored in research and practice. The research gap identified was a lack of knowledge about the concept of visual pollution in preoccupancy issues, which related to design itself and its impact on individual facades. This study aims to bridge this gap by developing a practical and theoretical framework for predicting facade-related visual pollution early in the design process by training a deep learning model composed of four YOLOv11 convolutional neural networks, each dedicated to a theoretically derived indicator: identical repetition, absence of individuality, no volume breakdown, and equal size for all floors. The study includes fifteen local high-rise buildings and compares them against an international benchmark, the Burj Khalifa. All facade images were captured using drone photography to guarantee high accuracy. The results indicate a high level of visual pollution, an average of 86%, in local cases, while the Burj Khalifa scored 0% across all indicators. The model confirmed the effectiveness in detecting design flaws contributing to visual pollution, with detection accuracies of 99% for Model 1, 91% for Model 2, 89% for Model 3, and 75% for Model 4. This research demonstrates the potential of deep learning as a predictive tool for identifying visual pollution early in the design process.

Ушбу мақолада муаллиф томонидан Ўзбекистон Республикасида суд қарорларини ижро этмаслик учун жавобгарлик, Ўзбекистон Республикасида суд қарорларини ижро этмаслик учун жавобгарлик, унинг оқибатлари ва сабаблари таҳлил қилинди; ижро этувчи ҳаракатларнинг ҳуқуқий табиати аниқланди; ижро этувчи ҳаракатларга қўйиладиган талаблар аниқланди; хорижий давлатларда ижро этувчи ҳаракатларни амалга ошириш хусусиятлари кўриб чиқилди соҳадаги муаммо ва камчиликлар, уларни бартараф қилиш йўллари хусусида сўз юритилган. Шунингдек, бир қанча таклиф ва тавсиялар ҳам ишлаб чиқилган.

Mazkur maqolada “Motion Control XR” innovatsion qurilmasining kar va zaif eshituvchi o‘quvchilar dars mashg‘ulotlari samaradorligiga ko‘rsatadigan ta’siri batafsil tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot jarayonida qurilma yordamida mashg‘ulotlar davomida o‘quvchilarning umumiy va motor zichligi o‘lchangan, xronometraj usuli orqali darsning har bir qismi uchun vaqt taqsimoti tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatdiki, “Motion Control XR” qurilmasining qo‘llanilishi o‘quvchilarning mashqlarni bajarish vaqtini samarali boshqarishga, mashg‘ulotga bo‘lgan e’tiborini oshirishga va dars jarayonida o‘zaro muloqotni soddalashtirishga xizmat qiladi. Shu bilan birga, vibratsion signal orqali boshqaruv travmalar xavfini kamaytiradi va maxsus pedagogik yondashuvni ta’minlaydi. Maqolada shuningdek, respublikamiz va xorijiy olimlarning adaptiv jismoniy tarbiya sohasidagi tadqiqotlari va metodik ishlanmalar tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot natijalari innovatsion texnologiyalarni jismoniy tarbiya mashg‘ulotlariga integratsiya qilish orqali kar va zaif eshituvchi o‘quvchilarning jismoniy tayyorgarligini oshirishning samarali vositasi sifatida xizmat qilishi mumkinligini ko‘rsatadi.