Open Access Books

Address pronouns in the Ibero-Romance spectrum are one of the most complex phenomena that have historically occurred in these languages, especially in Spanish and Portuguese. In this book, the diachrony of politeness and treatment pronouns is explained from a global perspective that allows us to understand the reasons that have led to such complexity and the enormous current variation. Thus, not only the geolinguistic, sociolinguistic, historical and pragmatic relationships are established, but also the grammatical determinants that are behind the familiar familiarity, voseo, ustedeo, subercedeo, voceamento and tuteamento are argued, and their multiple concordances, also taking into account the contact language and migration processes. Thanks to this monograph, we will be able to understand why there are different areas in the Iberian Peninsula and Latin America, and what journey Africa and the Philippines have experienced in terms of their treatment pronouns

At the professional level, football is a sport where players run approximately 11 kilometers per game, and about 10% of this constitutes high-intensity running. Additionally, they engage in various other intense actions during the game, which often determine its outcome. In recent years, the pace of the game and the number of matches have significantly increased. To cope with this, footballers need to possess highly developed physical abilities. The introduction of new technologies (e.g., GPS) in training assists coaches in better managing the demands of microcycle design. Moreover, at developmental ages, a special emphasis should be placed on the development of physical abilities, and coaches should exploit the “windows” that appear at each age to maximize performance. This Special Issue offers the opportunity to publish high-quality original papers, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses focused on the development of soccer fitness in both young athletes and adults. More specifically, in this Special Issue, we aim to highlight recent research concerning the physical fitness profile of both young and adult football players, as well as studies focusing on new training methods and the use of new technologies in the coaching process.

In contrast to the debates of the past, which focused mainly on income inequality and the related elements of injustice, the recent interest in economic inequality focuses on its effects on economic growth and social development. New research is an important element of these recent debates: a historical approach that contextualizes inequality with reference to social relations, institutions, access to power and its cultural legitimacy can facilitate the understanding of the mechanisms that lead to inequality and its effects.

The psychology of eating is regulated by neural mechanisms. When not well controlled, eating may result in disorders and health hazards such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and vascular diseases. Lifestyles and cultures influence eating habits, thus there are differences in the prevalence of health problems depending upon living environments. This book examines the psychology and the pathophysiological outcomes of eating. Chapters address such topics as the influence of lifestyle, circadian rhythm, sleep, and fragrant odors on appetite and weight regulation; the impact of glucose, sucrose, lactate, and ketone bodies on the brain; the consequences of glycation stress on the skeletal muscle; and much more.

It has only been in the 21st century that the literary oeuvre of the Brazilian author Clarice Lispector (1920–1977) has received international recognition, after being repeatedly forgotten in the past. This volume traces its belated transformation into world literature using specific materials from the history of Lispector’s translation and reception, providing a new perspective on the problems of canonization in the field of world literature.

When the scientific study of the Black Sea Region began in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, initially commissioned by adjacent powers such as the Habsburg and the Russian empires, this terra incognita was not yet considered part of Europe. The eighteen chapters of this volume show a broad range of thematic foci and theoretical approaches - the result of the enormous richness of the European macrocosm and the BSR. The microcosms of the many different case studies under scrutiny, however, demonstrate the historical dimension of exchange between the allegedly opposite poles of `East' and `West' and underscore the importance of mutual influences in the development of Europe and the BSR.

Cet ouvrage confronte le concept wébérien de charisme aux pratiques politiques antiques. À quelles conditions peut-on parler du charisme de l’oligarque, du roi, du général, du consul, de l’empereur ? Quelles étaient, dans l’Antiquité grecque et romaine, les modalités concrètes de construction et de mise en scène du pouvoir charismatique ? Les contributions reviennent sur les réflexions de Weber en les mettant à l’épreuve d’études de cas contextualisées, s’inscrivant dans le temps court des crises ou sur la longue durée. En se gardant de (re)lire toute la vie politique antique au prisme du charisme, il s’agit de souligner l’utilité de ce concept pour saisir certains pouvoirs personnels et, en retour, d’évaluer l’intérêt de ces cas concrets pour ajuster le concept wébérien. L’ouvrage insiste ainsi sur l’importance de la rhétorique des émotions ou de la communauté émotionnelle, tout en soulignant la coexistence d’éléments charismatiques, légaux-rationnels et bureaucratiques. Il tente également de comprendre comment un pouvoir originairement révolutionnaire pouvait se « quotidienniser » sans pour autant disparaître.

Published

In the era of Internet of Things (IoT) that we have entered, the “Monitoring–Decision–Execution” cycle of typical autonomic and automation systems is extended to include distributed developments that might scale from a smart home or greenhouse to a smart city, and from autonomous driving to emergency management. In such highly distributed and scalable architectures, each of the three processes can be situated at any physical or virtual computing system and located, ideally, at any place. Hence, communication and interoperation between the subsystems that comprise the total IoT system, namely extreme edge, edge, fog, and cloud deployments, are of critical importance. This reprint presents a collection of high-quality, state-of-the-art research papers, each introducing challenging issues in pervasive computing across the different domains of the IoT ecosystem. It comprises four papers focusing on customized application frameworks, three papers dealing with issues of ambient intelligence and assisted living of the aging population, three papers considering blockchain technology in various IoT applications, and two survey papers related to sensors and their applications.

Depuis 30 ans, la sociologie a connu des bouleversements radicaux : création d’un cursus d’enseignement universitaire, de revues, de laboratoires et d’associations ; constitution d’un corps d’experts et diversification des débouchés professionnels. En bien des domaines, la sociologie s’est donc professionnalisée à l’instar d’autres disciplines. Mais ce processus a suivi une tendance bien précise : la sociologie est devenue une profession en misant essentiellement sur son « segment » académique. Elle a organisé et valorisé les activités de sociologie en se conformant au modèle de la science. La formule scientifique, pour laquelle la sociologie a opté, pose de multiples questions quant à ses conséquences sur la formation, la définition du métier, l’accès à l’emploi et au titre universitaire. Comment se définit le sociologue de cette fin de siècle en France ? Quels sont les processus qui le conduisent à affirmer une identité à la croisée des chemins entre science et pratique ? Comment cette identité s’affirme-t-elle à travers la diversité des cursus universitaires et professionnels ? Et au-delà, quels rapports les diplômés entretiennent-ils avec leur formation ? Voici quelques-unes des questions auxquelles répondra cet ouvrage qui repose sur une enquête menée auprès d’une cohorte de diplômés. En situant ses propos théoriques dans le contexte renouvelé de la sociologie des professions américaine, l’auteur livre un travail d’enquête et de réflexion qui contribue à la connaissance sociologique de la sociologie. Un objet d’étude étrangement peu exploré jusqu’alors.

A Gentle Creature’s Paradox. The aim of this article is to analyze a smile as a mimetic, nonverbal facial expression. Although a smile most often displays joy and pleasure, it sometimes expresses emotions such as sadness, cruelty, anger, etc. This analysis aims to focus on the paradoxical “mistrustful, silent, and evil smile” of A Gentle Creature. Her smile marks the beginning of her life with the Pawnbroker and it is her companion until the end of her life. The paradox of smile illuminates other paradoxes such as that of communication (verbal/nonverbal, communication/its negation), of death (suicide and the icon, destruction/resurrection, silence/birth of words), of the Pawnbroker’s story (author-narrator, narrative/story, fantastic/realistic, contradictions in the story), and of the event (real event/event in the narrator’s mind).

La cooperación comercial entre las naciones latinoamericanas alcanzó en 1960 un logro muy importante al constituirse la Asociación Latinoamericana de Libre Comercio (ALALC). Ésta, sin embargo, fue incapaz de alcanzar los grandes objetivos que tenía encomendados, y desapareció. Poco tiempo después se instituyó la Asociación Latinoamericana de Integración (ALADI) buscando superar los problemas de la ALALC y sentar bases firmes para una unión que beneficiara a los países asociados. Pero la ALADI no ha podido alcanzar tampoco sus objetivos. El autor de este libro hace un análisis de los obstáculos que se interponen en el funcionamiento de la ALADI y sugiere algunas soluciones. También hace una revisión histórica de las dos asociaciones así como de otros proyectos de unión comercial en América Latina.

This is the first report on the finds from K. Kenyon's and J. B. Ward-Perkins' excavations at Sabratha from 1948-1951, and contains full discussion and catalogues. This volume constitutes a landmark in the study of Punic and Roman pottery from Sabratha and Tripolitania, not only covering new dated types but also quantified studies and analysis It will be a lasting reference to the pottery from this area, and invaluable also for what it brings to the historical picture of this city.

México es uno de los principales productores y exportadores de diversos bienes, sin embargo, también depende de la importación de insumos utilizados en la producción de alimentos y otros productos de consumo básico. En este contexto, la actual obra tiene como objetivo analizar la evolución de los precios de la canasta básica en México y su relación con las variaciones del tipo de cambio del peso mexicano frente al dólar estadounidense. Asimismo, examina cómo la depreciación del peso puede incrementar el costo de los productos esenciales para la población, considerando los múltiples factores que han influido en esta dinámica durante el periodo de estudio. Se intuye que existen factores que influenciaron esta dinámica, como lo pudiera ser la apertura comercial negociada en el Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte (TLCAN) entre México, Estados Unidos y Canadá, que entró en vigor en 1994, y que ha sido objeto de intenso escrutinio y debate en cuanto a sus impactos en la economía mexicana, especialmente en el sector agrícola.

Three decades of societal and cultural alignment of new media have yielded a host of innovations, trials, and problems, accompanied by versatile popular and academic discourse. New Media Studies crystallized internationally into an established academic discipline, and this begs the question: where do we stand now? Which new questions are emerging now that new media are being taken for granted, and which riddles are still unsolved? Is contemporary digital culture indeed all about 'you', the participating user, or do we still not really understand the digital machinery and how this constitutes us as 'you'? The contributors to the present book, all employed in teaching and researching new media and digital culture, assembled their 'digital material' into an anthology, covering issues ranging from desktop metaphors to Web 2.0 ecosystems, from touch screens to blogging and e-learning, from role-playing games and cybergothic music to wireless dreams. Together the contributions provide a showcase of current research in the field, from what may be called a 'digital-materialist' perspective.