Open Access Books

In diesem Open-Access-Buch geht es um die Frage, welche individuellen Faktoren Vertrauen bzw. Misstrauen in Journalismus erklären. In Teilen der Bevölkerung erodiert das Vertrauen in journalistische Medien. Gleichzeitig verliert der Journalismus seine Rolle als Gatekeeper und tritt in Konkurrenz zu anderen Informationsanbietern im Internet. Fabian Prochazka untersucht theoretisch und empirisch, wie diese beiden Phänomene zusammenhängen. In welchen gesellschaftlichen Milieus ist Vertrauen bzw. Misstrauen in den Journalismus besonders verbreitet und wie hängt es mit Personenmerkmalen zusammen? Welche Qualitätswahrnehmungen und Vorwürfe an den Journalismus stehen hinter einer vertrauensvollen oder misstrauischen Haltung? Beschädigt oder stärkt die gewandelte Informationsumgebung im Internet das Vertrauen in den Journalismus?

The book addresses contemporary developments in European identity politics as part of a larger historical trajectory of a common European identity based on the idea of 'solidarity.' The authors explain the special sense in which Europeans perceive their obligations to their less fortunate compatriots, to the new East European members, and to the world at large. An understanding of this notion of 'solidarity' is critical to understanding the specific European commitment to social justice and e...

The annual Investment Report provides a comprehensive overview of the developments and drivers of investment and investment finance in the European Union. The 2025/2026 report focuses on Europe’s transition to a digital and green future, social investment and maximising the effect of public financing. The report draws extensively on the results of the annual EIB Investment Survey (EIBIS), combining internal EIB analysis with contributions from leading experts in the field.

Taller people tend to weigh more than shorter people. This chapter will interrogate how weight varies with height. The body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight (W) divided by height (H) squared) is one way to express weight adjusted for height. It is widely used with the advantages of being technically uncomplicated, non-invasive, easy to measure and calculate. Where did it come from? How did it become the definition of a disease?

Based on the EU-funded project RESET (Redesigning Equality and Scientific Excellence Together) and written by members of seven European partner universities representing different disciplines, this book combines theory and practice to discuss and reflect on the concept of scientific excellence within higher education. It considers the pitfalls and the need to revisit an understanding of inclusivity by asking how scientific excellence and professional equality can be made compatible in practice. Split into three key sections, the first part of the book is devoted to the question of scientific excellence in relation to existing gender inequalities within universities. It includes a discussion on the objectivity of scientific excellence based on feminist literature devoted to the reproduction of inequalities in universities and data collected during the RESET project. The second part is dedicated to the actions taken to achieve more inclusive excellence and the third part finishes by focussing on training on gender and diversity issues and the resistance that such workshops generate. The book offers a comprehensive guide to fostering an academic culture that aligns scientific excellence with equality, diversity, and inclusion, providing researchers and decision-makers alike with practical tools for achieving inclusive excellence within European universities, while at the same time knowing how to deal with difficulties and resistance. This book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

This Special Issue highlights recent advancements in the synthesis and processing of hydrogel-based biomaterials. It presents cutting-edge research on various topics, including the production of hydrogels (selection and influence of raw materials/additives, use of unconventional sterilization methods, etc.) and their in vitro and in vivo characterization. The focus spans biotechnological applications, such as enzyme immobilization, scaffolds, tissue engineering, and biofabrication, as well as therapeutic applications like ocular treatments, local anti-cancer therapies, and topical or transdermal drug delivery.These contributions underscore the pivotal role of hydrogels in developing sophisticated medical treatments and devices, paving the way for personalized medicine, improved patient outcomes, and innovative solutions to complex medical challenges. The Editorial summarizes the diverse approaches presented and explores future possibilities.

This volume of the series “Translation and Multilingual Natural Language Processing” includes most of the papers presented at the Workshop “Language Technology for a Multilingual Europe”, held at the University of Hamburg on September 27, 2011 in the framework of the conference GSCL 2011 with the topic “Multilingual Resources and Multilingual Applications”, along with several additional contributions. In addition to an overview article on Machine Translation and two contributions on the European initiatives META-NET and Multilingual Web, the volume includes six full research articles. Our intention with this workshop was to bring together various groups concerned with the umbrella topics of multilingualism and language technology, especially multilingual technologies. This encompassed, on the one hand, representatives from research and development in the field of language technologies, and, on the other hand, users from diverse areas such as, among others, industry, administration and funding agencies. The Workshop “Language Technology for a Multilingual Europe” was co-organised by the two GSCL working groups “Text Technology” and “Machine Translation” (http://gscl.info) as well as by META-NET (http://www.meta-net.eu).

The cement industry provides an especially suitable framework within which to analyze the spatial efficiency of Soviet planning because of its size and rate of growth, which are among the highest in the economy; its relatively simple cost structure and limited scale economies; the widespread distribution of its raw materials, resulting in narrow and predictable regional production cost variation; and the homogeneity of use of its output, as an input into construction, which makes its demand easier to anticipate than is the demand for many other industrial materials, simplifying the problem of location and facilitating retrospective analysis.

Writing manuscripts is central to the advance of scientific knowledge. For an early career aspiring scientist, writing first author manuscripts is an opportunity to develop critical skills and to credential their expertise. Writing manuscripts, however, is difficult, doubly so for scientists who use English as a second language. Many science students intentionally avoid a writing-intensive curriculum. Careful, thorough reviews of draft manuscripts are difficult to secure, and experienced scientific supervisors face more demands on their time than they have time available. Weak draft manuscripts discourage supervising scientists investing the time to coach revisions. It is easier for experienced scientists to ignore the request, or to simply rewrite the article. Early career scientists are motivated to address these barriers but specific advice is difficult to find, and much of this advice is behind a pay wall. This essential, open access text presents writing lessons organized as common errors, providing students and early-career researchers with an efficient way to learn, and mentors with a quick-reference guide to reviewing. Error descriptions include specific examples drawn from real-world experiences of other early-career writers, and suggestions for how to successfully address and avoid these in the future. Versions of this book have been used by Stanford University, UC Davis, Johns Hopkins, and numerous international institutions and organizations for over a decade. ;

Transstaatliche Räume sind verdichtete und relativ stabile ökonomische, politische, soziale und kulturelle Beziehungen zwischen Personen, Netzwerken und Organisationen, die Grenzen von Nationalstaaten überschreiten. Am Beispiel der Verflechtungen zwischen Deutschland und der Türkei beantworten die Beiträge folgende Fragen: Welche Formen grenzüberschreitender Tätigkeiten können wir bei Unternehmern, sozialen Bewegungen, Familien, religiösen Gemeinschaften und politischen OrgaÝ nisationen beobachten? Welche Konsequenzen haben dichte transstaatliche Netze für die Integration von ImmigrantInnen in DeutschÝ land und in der Türkei, für die Zivilgesellschaften und die beteiligten Staaten?

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), discovered in 1991, have been a subject of intensive research for a wide range of applications. These one-dimensional (1D) graphene sheets rolled into a tubular form have been the target of many researchers around the world. This book concentrates on the semiconductor physics of carbon nanotubes, it brings unique insight into the phenomena encountered in the electronic structure when operating with carbon nanotubes. This book also presents to reader useful information on the fabrication and applications of these outstanding materials. The main objective of this book is to give in-depth understanding of the physics and electronic structure of carbon nanotubes. Readers of this book should have a strong background on physical electronics and semiconductor device physics. This book first discusses fabrication techniques followed by an analysis on the physical properties of carbon nanotubes, including density of states and electronic structures. Ultimately, the book pursues a significant amount of work in the industry applications of carbon nanotubes.

In recent years, an increasing number of manuscripts have been published addressing the deleterious role of arginase in endothelial dysfunction. ROS have been shown to play a crucial role in arginase activation, which in turn leads to eNOS dysfunction.

This work offers a profound reflection on how knowledge management, organizational culture, and motivation become strategic pillars to improve efficiency and quality in educational institutions. The text is based on an applied analysis at the District Directorate 09D15 Empalme-Educación, located in the province of Guayas, Ecuador, where it is evident that limited knowledge transfer and the low valuation of internal knowledge hinder the effective execution of the Annual Operational Plan, affecting institutional productivity and the quality of educational services. The text articulates three essential dimensions: culture, understood as the set of values and practices that sustain organizational dynamics; knowledge, viewed as a strategic resource that must be shared and applied; and action, which translates that knowledge and values into concrete results. Through an integral approach, the work demonstrates how knowledge management can transform education, generating resilient, innovative organizations capable of responding to contemporary challenges. Beyond a contextual study, this publication provides a replicable theoretical and methodological framework, fostering academic and practical debate on institutional efficiency and continuous improvement. It is a call to leaders, teachers, and managers to transform knowledge into living culture and collective action, showing that efficient educational management can drive progress, justice, and equity, positively impacting communities and contributing to the construction of more sustainable societies aware of their educational development in Ecuador, Latin America, and the Caribbean.

Rassemblant à la fois des données du monde grec et du monde romain, cet ouvrage entend contribuer à une meilleure analyse des circuits économiques méditerranéens, locaux et régionaux, en remettant au cœur de la réflexion les questions d'entreposage, des modes de distribution et de la spéculation. En s’intéressant aux lieux et bâtiments de stockage, cette enquête est en même temps une étude des circuits et des flux, qui interroge à nouveaux frais la documentation écrite et archéologique, à travers plusieurs exemples montrant le pragmatisme et la plurifonctionnalité des bâtiments, les articulations entre le rôle de l’État et l’action des particuliers, la complexité des circuits. La connaissance de l’organisation des échanges s’enrichit de nombreuses études de cas qui témoignent de techniques de construction et d’aménagements de l’espace dans les bâtiments de stockage mais aussi de réseaux d’intérêts sociaux et économiques fondés sur des groupements professionnels, qui conduisent à réenvisager les formes de l’intégration économique en Méditerranée, de l’époque classique à l’Empire.

Recent decades have seen an explosion in doctoral education worldwide. Increased potential for diverse employment has generated greater interest, with cultural, political and environmental tensions focusing the attention of new creative, responsible scholars. Towards a Global Core Value System in Doctoral Education provides an evaluation of changes and reforms in doctoral education since 2000. Recognising the diversity of academic cultures and institutional systems worldwide, the book advocates for a core value system to overcome inequalities in access to doctoral education and the provision of knowledge. Building on in-depth perspectives of scholars and young researchers from more than 25 countries, the chapters focus on the structures and quality assurance models of doctoral education, supervision, and funding from an institutional and comparative perspective. The book examines capacity building in the era of globalisation, global labour market developments for doctoral graduates, and explores the ethical challenges and political contestations that may manifest in the process of pursuing a PhD. Experts and early career researchers in the Global North and South collaborated in interdisciplinary and intergenerational teams to develop guidelines for doctoral education. They learned from each other about how to act courageously within a complex global context. The resulting recommendations and reflections are an invitation to reflect on the frames and conditions of doctoral education today.