Open Access Books

Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices; Quantum Optics; Popular Science in Physics; History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics

Youth are usually not (yet) decision makers in politics or in business corporations, but the sustainability of Arctic settlements depends on whether or not youth envision such places as offering opportunities for a good future. This is the first multidisciplinary volume presenting original research on Arctic youth. This edited book presents the results of two research projects on youth wellbeing and senses of place in the Arctic region. The contributions are united by their focus on agency. Rather than seeing youth as vulnerable and possible victims of decisions by others, they illustrate the diverse avenues that youth pursue to achieve a good life in the Arctic. The contributions also show which social, economic, political and legal conditions provide the best frame for youth agency in Arctic settlements. Rather than portraying the Arctic as a resource frontier, a hotspot for climate change and a place where biodiversity and traditional Indigenous cultures are under threat, the book introduces the Arctic as a place for opportunities, the realization of life trajectories and young people’s images of home. Rooted in anthropology, the chapters also feature contributions from the fields of sociology, geography, sustainability science, legal studies and political science. This book is intended for an audience interested in anthropology, political science, Arctic urban studies, youth studies, Arctic social sciences and humanities in general. It would attract those working on Arctic sustainability, wellbeing in the Arctic, Arctic demography and overall wellbeing of youth.

Headache, as a main neurological problem in everyday life, still takes place as a contributor on top of the list of many partially solved neurological conditions. Not only primary headaches but secondary headaches are still clinical concerns of diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and therapy. This book is quite different from classical headache books. First of all, it does not contain the classical schema of a classical headache textbook. Most of the chapters composing this book contain many answers for many unanswered questions about headache in general, for example, "Is headache a genetic condition?", "What do smartphones do to our brains? Do they cause headaches?", and "Does botulinum toxin really improve chronic migraine?". We hope this book will be an interesting read and perhaps a guide in some new aspects of headache and help understand "some interesting headache issues" while stressing some of the less known mentioned above.

En este libro se propone una estrategia innovadora para lograr el Estado de bienestar en el siglo XXI: reorientar las actividades económicas hacia la construcción y reconstrucción de ciudades sustentables. En una economía mundial que enfrenta crisis económicas y políticas, Roberto Kozulj plantea que si las actividades vinculadas al desarrollo urbano se reorientaran hacia la obra pública, se tendería a resolver en gran parte el problema del desempleo estructural. A partir de un crecimiento económico basado en la activación del empleo de baja cualificación, el mantenimiento y transformación de ciudades permitirían que la sustentabilidad despliegue sus beneficios. Por una parte las generaciones futuras podrían disponer de recursos naturales y un medioambiente no degradado y, por otra, ejercer sus oportunidades de ser insertadas en el mercado laboral.

Honest, diverse, perhaps even surprising – Oral Contemporaries offers insights into the professional fields of alumnae and alumni of art history at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). The different career paths paint a current, practice-oriented picture of art history as a dynamic and interdisciplinary field. First-hand accounts provide students with valuable insights that help them make their own decisions and set priorities. Art history at KIT builds on a long tradition and influential role models. It is a productive environment in which students can follow in established footsteps, but also forge their own paths. The individual perspectives collected in this book clearly show how the transition from university to the professional world can be successful – and how diverse the positions art historians can take are.

This Special Issue explores empirical studies of emotional mechanisms, qualitative and quantitative measurements of emotion, the recognition of emotional contexts, and the application of emotion. We introduce fourteen papers, ranging from lab-based studies aimed at understanding emotional mechanisms to applying emotion recognition in the real world (e.g., in driving, games, education, and virtual avatars). This Special Issue explores empirical studies of emotional mechanisms, qualitative and quantitative measurements of emotion, the recognition of emotional contexts, and the application of emotion. We introduce fourteen papers, ranging from lab-based studies aimed at understanding emotional mechanisms to applying emotion recognition in the real world (e.g., in driving, games, education, and virtual avatars).

Unlock the future of global economics and business with New Topics in Emerging Markets. This captivating edited volume is your gateway to understanding the dynamic forces shaping economies on the rise. Delve into critical themes like financial resilience in times of crisis, the impact of technology in Sub-Saharan Africa, the evolving landscape of education in the metaverse, and much more. With diverse insights from leading minds, this book explores the intricacies of banking, innovation ecosystems, leadership in sports, and the ever-changing realm of e-commerce in a Web3 world. Gain a deeper understanding of emerging markets and their pivotal role in the global landscape. Whether you are a seasoned expert or just starting your journey in economics and business, this book offers a thought-provoking and accessible exploration of the challenges and opportunities that define the future. Don’t miss your chance to stay ahead of the curve – grab your copy today and embark on a journey into the heart of emerging markets.

Three-dimensional printing is a futuristic technology capable of transforming the ways in which we make components and devices. It is almost certain that this technique will find its niche in the manufacturing sector in the very near future. In view of the growing importance of 3D printing, this book addresses key issues related to emerging science and technology in this area. Detailed and informative articles are presented in relation to a wide variety of materials, including those based on critical engineering metals such as aluminum, magnesium, titanium and composites. Advances in various techniques, such as electron beam melting and selective laser melting are discussed. Of key importance in the area of materials science is the end properties of the materials following processing. Accordingly, the articles presented critically discuss the effects of microstructural features such as porosity, forming defects and the heat treatment induced effects on the mechanical properties. Applications covered in these articles are targeted at the aerospace, automobile, defense and aerospace sectors. Overall, the information presented in this book is of significant importance for academic and industrial-based researchers who wish to inform themselves regarding this upcoming highly promising manufacturing technique.

El propósito de este libro es acercar a los lectores una serie de reflexiones sobre la escritura científica-académica y algunas recomendaciones que puedan ayudar a construir textos de este tipo, que cumplan adecuadamente con los objetivos y las finalidades que se les asignan; y, al mismo tiempo, con los requerimientos de legibilidad que se espera de cualquier texto en función eminentemente comunicativa.

Las secuelas de la pandemia por covid-19. Un estudio desde la transdisciplinariedad de los negocios es una obra que explora el impacto profundo del covid-19 en el ámbito empresarial mexicano. Resaltan en los textos los efectos de la caída en la demanda, sus repercusiones, y la adaptación digital en los modelos de negocio. Este libro ofrece una mirada integral de los negocios en nuestro país a través de ocho capítulos, que analizan al país en su conjunto, pero también hay estudios sobre efectos específicos como lo es el caso de la comunidad de Miahuatlán de Porfirio Díaz, en Oaxaca. A pesar de los impactos negativos, los y las autoras abordan cómo las empresas mexicanas enfrentaron desafíos sin precedentes, resaltando las estrategias adoptadas para la supervivencia o aprovechamiento de la nueva realidad. Así, este libro es una lectura imprescindible para entender el panorama post-pandemia y prepararse para los futuros retos en los negocios.

Communities, companies, and governments at all levels in the United States are making decisions that will influence where, what and how infrastructure will be built. This report describes insights about exposures from natural hazards now and in the future, as well as gaps in data that, if filled, could improve the nation’s ability to assess infrastructure risk and improve infrastructure resilience.

Numerical methods have become crucial in recent years and have been applied in many research fields. Among these, environmental and energy research has become increasingly relevant. This Special Issue comprises a recent advances in research relating to numerical modeling applied to energy and environment.

CFD is an emerging area and is gaining popularity due to the availability of ever-increasing computational power. If used accurately, CFD methods may overcome the limitations of experimental and other numerical methods, in some respects. This Special Issue focuses on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Simulations of Marine Hydrodynamics with a specific focus on the applications of naval architecture and ocean engineering, and it comprises 24 original articles that advance state-of-the-art CFD applications in marine hydrodynamics and/or review the progress and future directions of research in this field. The published articles cover a wide range of subjects relevant to naval architecture and ocean engineering, including but not limited to; ship resistance and propulsion, seakeeping and maneuverability, hydrodynamics of marine renewable energy devices, validation and verification of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), EFD/CFD combined methods, fouling/coating hydrodynamics.

This Special Issue entitled “β-glucan in foods and health benefits” reports on the health benefits of indigestible carbohydrates with respect to metabolic diseases and immune functions. The effects of β-glucan have been investigated through the use isolated preparations or natural dietary fibers from whole grain cereals and brans, yeasts, or Euglena. This Special Issue includes original research articles that are based on human intervention studies that address the effects of β-glucan on metabolic diseases and immune function-related markers as well as in vitro and in vivo studies. It also reviews the health benefits of β-glucans in humans.

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