Open Access Books

Offers an innovative theological look at what family might mean that cuts deeper than current, mostly polarised debates. The book taps literary, artistic and biblical sources and brings them into conversation with family studies from humanities and social science to understand why family is currently a controversial topic. This title is available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

The evolution of solid-state circuit technology has a long history within a relatively short period of time. This technology has lead to the modern information society that connects us and tools, a large market, and many types of products and applications. The solid-state circuit technology continuously evolves via breakthroughs and improvements every year. This book is devoted to review and present novel approaches for some of the main issues involved in this exciting and vigorous technology. The book is composed of 22 chapters, written by authors coming from 30 different institutions located in 12 different countries throughout the Americas, Asia and Europe. Thus, reflecting the wide international contribution to the book. The broad range of subjects presented in the book offers a general overview of the main issues in modern solid-state circuit technology. Furthermore, the book offers an in depth analysis on specific subjects for specialists. We believe the book is of great scientific and educational value for many readers. I am profoundly indebted to the support provided by all of those involved in the work. First and foremost I would like to acknowledge and thank the authors who worked hard and generously agreed to share their results and knowledge. Second I would like to express my gratitude to the Intech team that invited me to edit the book and give me their full support and a fruitful experience while working together to combine this book.

Exploring the Visual Landscape is about the combination of landscape research and planning, visual perception and Geographic Information Science. It showcases possible ways of getting a grip on themes like: landscape openness, cluttering of the rural landscape, high-rise buildings in relation to cityscape, historic landscapes and motorway panoramas. It offers clues for visual landscape assessment of spaces in cities, parks and rural areas. In that respect, it extends the long tradition in the Netherlands on physiognomic landscape research and shows the state of the art at this moment. Exploring the Visual Landscape offers important clues for theory, methodology and application in research and development of landscapes all over the world, from a specifically Dutch academic context. It provides a wide range of insights into the psychological background of landscape perception, the technical considerations of geomatics and methodology in landscape architecture, urban planning and design. Furthermore, there are some experiences worthwhile considering, which demonstrate how this research can be applied in the practice of landscape policy making.

This book publishes the results of the inter-regional project on "Evolutionary dynamics of agricultural enterprises and multifunctionality". Starting from the identification of a shared theoretical framework of the concept of multifunctionality, the study has developed a method for zoning the territory aimed at defining the different roles played by agriculture. The development of case studies, and meetings with stakeholders and focus groups, have made it possible to identify the weak and strong points within and outside the enterprises, with particular reference to the multifunctional components and the degree of repeatability and transferability of the experiences analysed. The result is to bring to light needs in terms of policies, tools for the valorisation of multifunctionality and strategies that enable the agricultural enterprises to commercially valorise functions not traditionally pertinent to the market.

"Open access edition: DOI 10.6069/9780295749624 Perilously close to sea level and vulnerable to floods, erosion, and cyclones, Bangladesh is one of the top recipients of development aid earmarked for climate change adaptation. Yet, to what extent do adaptation projects address local needs and concerns? Combining environmental history and ethnographic fieldwork with development professionals, rural farmers, and landless women, Misreading the Bengal Delta critiques development narratives of Bangladesh as a “climate change victim.” It examines how development actors repackage colonial-era modernizing projects, which have caused severe environmental effects, as climate-adaptation solutions. Seawalls meant to mitigate against cyclones and rising sea levels instead silt up waterways and induce drainage-related flooding. Other adaptation projects, from saline aquaculture to high-yield agriculture, threaten soil fertility, biodiversity, and livelihoods. Bangladesh’s environmental crisis goes beyond climate change, extending to coastal vulnerabilities that are entwined with underemployment, debt, and the lack of universal healthcare. This timely book analyzes how development actors create flawed causal narratives linking their interventions in the environment and society of the Global South to climate change. Ultimately, such misreadings risk exacerbating climatic threats and structural inequalities. Misreading the Bengal Delta is available in an open access edition through the Sustainable History Monograph Pilot, thanks to the generous support of the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation."

This open access book explores the role of continuity in political processes and practices during the Age of Revolutions. It argues that the changes that took place in the years around 1800 were enabled by different types of continuities across Europe and in the Americas. With historians of modernity tending to emphasise the rise of the new, scholarship has leaned towards an assumption that existing modes of action, thought and practice simply became extinct, irrelevant or at least subordinate to new modes. In contrast, this collection examines continuities between early modern and modern political cultures and organization in Europe and the Americas. Shifting the focus from political modernization, the authors examine the continued relevance of older, often local, practices in (post)revolutionary politics. By doing so, they aim to highlight the role of local political traditions and practices in forging and enabling political change. The book argues that while political change was in fact at the centre of both the old and new polities that emerged in the Age of Revolutions, it coexisted with, and was indeed enabled by, continuities at other levels.

Esta edição revista contém, para além dos quatro capítulos originais, um ensaio suplementar, redigido em 2015. O primeiro capítulo, que serve de introdução ao volume, insiste no carácter contextual de qualquer análise da família e pretende demonstrar que o seu estudo comparativo tem sempre um carácter interdisciplinar. O segundo apresenta o conceito de regime demográfico e mostra como a dinâmica das populações antigas reflecte as funções demográficas da família e, por conseguinte, os factores socioeconómicos que lhe servem de enquadramento. Os dois capítulos seguintes, que analisam em profundidade duas variáveis chave de qualquer regime demográfico, constituem uma primeira aproximação, numa perspectiva malthusiana, à complexidade e especificidade do caso português. O terceiro identifica os padrões de nupcialidade observáveis em Portugal continental durante a segunda metade do século XIX. Para além de constituir uma contribuição original para a metodologia da demografia histórica, o ensaio constitui um ponto de partida para investigações mais aprofundadas e localizadas sobre a articulação interna dos regimes demográficos. O quarto, por sua vez, propõe-se analisar o sistema familiar português em meados do século XX, descrevendo a sua configuração regional com base numa reelaboração dos dados do Censo de 1960 e identificando os principais factores subjacentes à variação nas estruturas familiares: o grau de subordinação do tecido económico à lógica de mercado e a medida em que essa subordinação permite a estruturação das relações sociais e familiares em torno da lógica da casa. A principal novidade deste capítulo reside no facto de apresentar, pela primeira vez, um quadro pormenorizado e de conjunto do sistema familiar português e da sua evolução no tempo, abrindo caminho para investigações mais aprofundadas e localizadas sobre a estruturação do sistema familiar e sobre as suas relações com o contexto socioeconómico. O post-scriptum, por fim, retoma a temática central do livro, relacionando-a, quer com investigações mais recentes que a situam num âmbito comparativo euro-asiático, quer com a tradição malthusiana na qual se insere, e propõe uma nova e mais ampla formulação teórica do conceito de regime demográfico.

In the space of just two decades, research on terrorism and political extremism went from a relatively uncommon niche to a widely recognized criminological specialization. This Element considers the ways that criminology has contributed to the study of terrorism and the impact the increasing interest in terrorism has had on criminology.

Published

This open access book presents a large number of innovations in the world of operational testing. It brings together different but related areas and provides insight in their possibilities, their advantages and drawbacks. The book not only addresses improvements in the quality of educational measurement, innovations in (inter)national large scale assessments, but also several advances in psychometrics and improvements in computerized adaptive testing, and it also offers examples on the impact of new technology in assessment. Due to its nature, the book will appeal to a broad audience within the educational measurement community. It contributes to both theoretical knowledge and also pays attention to practical implementation of innovations in testing technology.

This volume explores the complexity, diversity and interwoven nature of taxonomic pursuits within the context of explorations of humans and related species. It also pays tribute to Professor Colin Groves, whose work has had an enormous impact on this field. Recent research into that somewhat unique species we call humankind, through the theoretical and conceptual approaches afforded by the discipline of biological anthropology, is showcased. The focus is on the evolution of the human species, the behaviour of primates and other species, and how humans affect the distribution and abundance of other species through anthropogenic impact. Weaving together these three key themes, through the considerable influence of Colin Groves, provides glimpses of how changes in taxonomic theory and methodology, including our fluctuating understanding of speciation, have recrafted the way in which we view animal behaviour, human evolution and conservation studies.

The book's central argument is that the best way to interpret the Sermon on the Plain in Luke 6 is to read it as a Greco-Roman panegyric, whose function was the integration of new members and the inculcation of commonly held values. The Sermon's makarisms and woes and their juxtaposition of poverty and richness, and exhortation are Luke's attempt to construct a new socio-economic identity of Christ-followers by supplanting the values of the dominant culture with a new set of values adopted from the status of destitution for both the rich and the poor. This results in their common dependence on the Lord for their daily provisions. Such reliance on the Lord allows for the koinonia between the rich and the poor among the first-century Christ-followers. This socio-economic motif is replicated throughout the Third Gospel and typifies Luke's concept of salvation as a holistic one.

Łukasz Miaskowski, a Podolia District Judge and Marshal of the Podolia Hood Court during the interregnum after the death of Władysław IV, was in the summer of 1648 in Kamianets- -Podilskyi. Due to his extensive contacts with the elite of the Principality of Moldavia, he obtained, aggregated and passed on to the elites of the Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth information about events that took place in the Danubian principalities, the movements of the Tatar troops or the internal situation in the Ottoman Empire. In the summer of 1648, in the first period of Khmelnytsky’s Uprising, he also reported on the progress in the offensive of the Cossack troops, the mood among the rural population of Podolia and the Ukrainian lands, and the internal situation of Kamianets- -Podilskyi. The analysis of the sources included in the article shows the technical condition of the fortress, the number of its crew and factors impacting the morale of its defenders, such as: fear of attack by the Cossacks and Tatars and fear of betrayal by the Ruthenians staying in the city. The addressees of Miaskowski’s correspondence include Grand Chancellor of the Crown Jerzy Ossoliński, Grand Standard-Bearer of the Crown Aleksander Koniecpolski, Crown Field Clerk Adam Hieronim Sieniawski or Lviv Chamberlain, and privately the sender’s brother, Wojciech Miaskowski.

Published

This Element reviews the evidence for three workplace conditions that matter for improving quality and safety in healthcare: staffing; psychological safety, teamwork, and speaking up; and staff health and well-being at work. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.