Open Access Books

The increasing demand for food due to rapid population growth, combined with the declining quality and availability of natural resources such as soil and water, poses significant challenges to global agricultural production. This edited volume brings together current perspectives and practices in agronomy and horticulture to address these urgent issues through innovative, efficient, and environmentally friendly approaches. Covering topics such as salinity tolerance in legumes, sustainable nitrogen use, hydroponic cultivation systems, and the effects of climate change on crop production, the book highlights practical and research-based strategies to improve crop performance and reduce environmental impact. With its interdisciplinary focus and real-world applications, the volume contributes to the global conversation on sustainable agriculture, food security, and climate-smart farming.

Synthetic biology attempts to redesign entire species and intervenes in the human germline with CRISPR. Martin Müller problematizes the technologies and discourses of this Promethean biology and situates them in a critical genealogy of zoëpolitics, in which the "vivification of power" around 1800 and the "molecular revolution" of the 20th century appear as previous stages of escalation in a turbulent history of the "will to make life".

Die Aufteilung Ostpreußens zwischen Polen und Russland war eine direkte Folge des von Deutschland entfachten Zweiten Weltkriegs. Vor diesem Hintergrund findet in der Regel wenig Beachtung, dass Ostpreußen 1939 auf Kosten Polens eine enorme territoriale Ausdehnung erfuhr. Das Deutsche Reich annektierte unter anderem den nördlichen Teil Masowiens um die Kleinstadt Ciechanów völkerrechtswidrig und gliederte ihn als »Regierungsbezirk Zichenau« in die Provinz Ostpreußen ein. Der Regierungsbezirk Zichenau wurde nunmehr zum Experimentierfeld der Königsberger Gauleitung unter Erich Koch, der eine ihm treu ergebene Verwaltung installierte. Für Koch war Zichenau Teil seiner kolonialen Ambitionen im östlichen Europa; er plante hier den kompletten »Neuaufbau« des annektierten Gebiets im nationalsozialistischen Sinne. Der Band geht auf eine Tagung am Deutschen Historischen Institut Warschau im Mai 2017 zurück und versammelt Beiträge von Historikerinnen und Historikern aus Deutschland, Polen und Frankreich. Sie beleuchten Einzelaspekte der deutschen Besatzung in Nordmasowien, zu denen bislang kaum Forschungen vorliegen. Dabei fragen sie nicht nur nach Ideologie, Struktur und Charakter der Besatzungsherrschaft und der an ihr beteiligten Institutionen, sondern auch nach dem Alltagsleben und Überlebensstrategien der besetzten Bevölkerung. Ein besonderer Fokus liegt auf den vielfältigen Formen von massiver Gewalt gegen die christliche und jüdische Bevölkerung, die im Falle der Juden im Völkermord endete.

The volume presents a key to understanding the current distribution of arable lands in Italy (based on an analysis conducted on 1994-1997 data) in relation to community disciplines and future prospects. In Italy, on over 14 million hectares of UAA (Usable Agricultural Area), about 57% is characterised by arable land. The importance of these crops, in addition to this visible global figure, is also confirmed at the level of individual production structures. In the short-term future, however, it is the arable lands that will be fully affected by the need to reduce surpluses and by the issues related to the environmental sustainability of production systems.

Care and caring practices are generally invisible and unpaid yet form the foundation of societies. This chapter draws attention to caring practices of landscapes and herds in Northern and Western Norway, where the policies and approaches to risks that seek to reduce vulnerability inadvertently sever these caring practices. We see this severing as the primary source of vulnerabilities to climatic and environmental changes, through structures such as industrialism and extractivism. Such structures are produced as those in power seek to reduce vulnerabilities in some while ignoring or denying irreducibly related vulnerabilities in themselves. Vulnerability indicators such as income, gender, ethnicity, or farm productivity are thus emergent, tertiary levels of vulnerability. Attention to the relation among all three layers of vulnerability is key, we contend. Judith Butler's insights on primary relational vulnerability are a starting point for our effort to reconceptualize vulnerability to global change.

A mathematical framework that describes learning of invariant representations in the ventral stream, offering both theoretical development and applications.The ventral visual stream is believed to underlie object recognition in primates. Over the past fifty years, researchers have developed a series of quantitative models that are increasingly faithful to the biological architecture. Recently, deep learning convolution networks—which do not reflect several important features of the ventral stream architecture and physiology—have been trained with extremely large datasets, resulting in model neurons that mimic object recognition but do not explain the nature of the computations carried out in the ventral stream. This book develops a mathematical framework that describes learning of invariant representations of the ventral stream and is particularly relevant to deep convolutional learning networks. The authors propose a theory based on the hypothesis that the main computational goal of the ventral stream is to compute neural representations of images that are invariant to transformations commonly encountered in the visual environment and are learned from unsupervised experience. They describe a general theoretical framework of a computational theory of invariance (with details and proofs offered in appendixes) and then review the application of the theory to the feedforward path of the ventral stream in the primate visual cortex.

International politics have become ever more volatile over the last decade, increasing the risk of large-scale military violence. Yet the precise character of future war will depend on a range of factors that relate to adversaries, allies, technology, geographical scope and multiple domains of warfighting. Few would question that land forces will be important also in the foreseeable future. However, given that the battlefield is in a state of transformation, so is the mission, purpose and utilization of land forces. Indeed, the future conduct of land warfare is subjected to serious and important questions in the face of large and complex challenges and security threats. This volume explores the evolving role of land forces, paying particular attention to the changes that have taken place in the art of commanding and executing combat and the role of rapid technological innovation and information dissemination in shaping warfare. It provides insights into key contemporary developments in land warfare, and presents case studies on land tactics and operations in different national contexts. The volume aims to draw on the best of theory, practice, and professional experience, featuring chapters written by leading international scholars and practitioners. Relating to the realities of the modern battlefield, the volume addresses a number of critical questions about land tactics and operations, combining a conceptual basis with empirical examples of tactical thinking and practice and emphasising the importance of understanding the perspectives of various national armies, in order to provide a current understanding of the central issues of land warfare.

En esta obra el autor analiza y distingue la verdadera cultura a partir de las enseñanzas que la universidad Nacional Autónoma de México va formando en los individuos, es decir, se encuentran unidos el pensamiento y la acción en sus formas más elevadas; los estudios desinteresados, las ciencias aplicadas, la técnica y la formación del profesor. Es decir, se tiene que elaborar la cultura no para alejarnos de la vida sino para ponerla entre nosotros, para convertirla en la directora de la experiencia y de la acción

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zweryfikowanie kluczowych instrumentów komunikacji pośredniej organizacji politycznych w Polsce oraz określenie stopnia ich marketingowej profesjonalizacji w zakresie komunikowania. Formacje zorientowane rynkowo to nowoczesne organizacje polityczne, które wykorzystują wszelkie możliwe instrumenty marketingowe na rzecz uzyskania rynkowej przewagi konkurencyjnej. Ich działania opierają się na pogłębionej analizie rynku, stworzeniu odpowiedniego produktu politycznego, wyborze grupy docelowej oraz efektywnym zastosowaniu przyjętej strategii na rynku. Działają w zbliżony sposób do przedsiębiorstw, nieustająco próbując zaspokajać potrzeby swoich wyborców. Analizy dokonano, wykorzystując metodę obserwacji oraz krytyki dostępnych źródeł. Zweryfikowano również hipotezę zakładającą, że jedynie nowoczesne zorientowane rynkowe partie polityczne są w stanie prowadzić efektywną komunikację z wyborcami.

This book contains selected papers from the 2023 annual conference of the "Plattform Privatheit", highlighting the importance and impact of data sharing in today's society. It offers an insight into the legal framework, ethical challenges and practical approaches to the use of data. Experts from various disciplines shed light on how data can contribute to innovation, research and the common good. In addition, specific examples and methods are presented aiming to make data sharing fair and transparent. The role of data intermediaries and regulation through European laws are also discussed in detail. A work for researchers, policy makers and companies who want to better understand the complexity of data sharing and its potential. With contributions by Fabiola Böning | Stefanie Brückner | Dr. Daniel Franzen | Dr. Michael Friedewald | Stefanie Fuchsloch, LL.M. | Priv.-Doz. Dr. Christian Geminn | Prof. Dr. Dagmar Gesmann-Nuissl | Prof. Dr. Stephen Gilbert | Henrik Graßhoff | Antonios Hazim | Dr. Gunnar Hempel | Andrea Horch | Dr. Paul C. Johannes, LL.M. | Dr. Murat Karaboga | Prof. Ulrich Kelber | Dr. Michael Kubach | Uwe Laufs | Stefanie Meyer | Prof. Dr. Claudia Müller-Birn | Dr. Crispin Niebel | Alexander Orlowski | Prof. Dr. Andrea Pfennig | Dr. Abel Reiberg | Prof. Dr. Alexander Roßnagel | Christopher Ruff | Prof. Dr. Stefan Schiffner | Dr. Stephan Schindler | Dr. Anna-Raphaela Schmitz | Lukas Schmitz | Prof. Dr. med. habil. Peter Schwarz | Prof. Dr. York Sure-Vetter | F. Gerrik Verhees | Dr. Oliver Vettermann | Dr. Marco Wedel | Alexandra Wudel | Dr. Wolf Zinke

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The corona pandemic left its mark not only on public health but also on society at large. Sociological insights about the changes in, for example, inequality, sociability and social resilience are becoming increasingly clear now that the onset of the pandemic is further behind us. In this volume, sociologists and science press from related disciplines shine their light on the challenges of our time. In doing so, they focus on three questions: 1) what do we know about the social consequences of corona?, 2) what do we disagree on as scientists? and 3) what does the pandemic teach us about large-scale challenges in the future? Using the insights from this volume, we illuminate sociological issues and provide direction for the future.

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

This volume discusses the insights gained from the international Humboldt Colloquium “Comparing Historical Specialist and Scientific Texts,” which took place in collaboration with the universities of Warsaw, Rzeszów, Würzburg, and Uppsala. Taking a comparative historical perspective, the chapters reflect on the categories of textual specialization and scientificity from the Middle Ages up until more recent times.