Open Access Books

The spread of Catholicism among the local Christian population in the Syro-Palestinian region has attracted the attention of many scholars. Previous research has described how missionaries’ work was facilitated by the patronage of local notables, by the establishment of personal ties with locals, and more generally by a wide range of daily interactions, such as providing medical assistance. 1 In this framework, academic attention has mostly focused on the cities, consistent with the fact that missions were far more numerous in urban areas. An important exception is a pioneering work by Bernard Heyberger. This early study reconstructs how, departing from their houses in cities such as Sayda and Tripoli, Jesuits and Capuchins visited rural villages in Galilee and Lebanon. Inspired by the model of rural missions developed in Europe during the Catholic Reformation, their activities hinged on confession and preaching. In line with the regional framework, missionaries also carefully built ties with locals and offered their medical competencies, which greatly helped their cause. 2 Although the importance of interactions with the locals in the spread of Catholicism in the Middle East has been widely acknowledged, many questions about the nature of these interactions still remain unanswered: How did the administrative and economic system that characterized rural and semi-rural spaces influence missionaries’ interactions with the surrounding areas? What was the relationship between missionaries’ entanglement with local society and their evangelizing activities? And, finally, to what extent did these interactions turn the missionaries into “localized” protagonists?

The book focuses on the synthesis of the fundamental disciplines and practical applications involved in the investigation, description, and analysis of aircraft flight including applied aerodynamics, aircraft propulsion, flight performance, stability, and control. The book covers the aerodynamic models that describe the forces and moments on maneuvering aircraft and provides an overview of the concepts and methods used in flight dynamics. Computational methods are widely used by the practicing aerodynamicist, and the book covers computational fluid dynamics techniques used to improve understanding of the physical models that underlie computational methods.

Gender inequalities in society are also reflected in the professional field of education. The anthology deals with existing and new problems in pedagogical professions from the perspectives of professional history, educational policy and occupational sociology. The interrelationship between occupational history and gender relations is revealed, which renders insights for the development of the profession visible.

Die Inspektion von Werkstücken auf Formabweichungen und Defekte ist ein Bereich der Messtechnik, der sich auf Grund hoher Stückzahlen und des dadurch erreichbaren Einsparpotentials für die Automatisierung anbietet. Eine Vielzahl von industriellen Produkten wie beispielsweise Karosserieteile, Wasserarmaturen, oder optische Bauteile weist spiegelnde Eigenschaften auf. Die automatisierte Untersuchung dieser Oberflächen mittels optischer Messmethoden erfordert spezielle Herangehensweisen. Im Gegensatz zur Untersuchung matter Oberflächen kann beispielsweise weder eine direkte Auswertung von Grauwertbildern noch einfache Triangulation verwendet werden. Um eine dreidimensionale Vermessung spiegelnder Oberflächen zu ermöglichen, werden in dieser Arbeit unterschiedliche bestehende und neu entwickelte Verfahren beschrieben. Hierzu wird der physikalische Zusammenhang bei spiegelnder Reflexion erläutert, sowie die prinzipiellen Voraussetzungen an einen Messaufbau erläutert. Bei dem gewählten Messverfahren Deflektometrie wird gezielt die spiegelnde Reflexion eines bekannten Musters am zu untersuchenden Objekt ausgewertet. Mit Hilfe eines Datenprojektors wird eine Folge von Streifenmustern auf einer Projektionsfläche dargestellt. Die Reflexion dieser Muster am zu untersuchenden Objekt wird mit einer digitalen Kamera beobachtet und auf einem Computer zur weiteren Verarbeitung eingelesen. Mittels Phasenverschiebung der projizierten periodischen Muster ist die Bestimmung des Strahlengangs für alle das Muster erfassende Kamerapixel gleichzeitig möglich. Das Prinzip eines selbst entwickelten Messaufbaus wird erläutert und ein speziell entworfenes Kalibrierverfahren beschrieben sowie auf seine Genauigkeit überprüft. Es zeigt sich, dass aus den direkt gemessenen deflektometrischen Daten keine eindeutige Rekonstruktion möglich ist. Verschiedene Ansätze, die eine Rekonstruktion unter Verwendung von Zusatzwissen oder der Verknüpfung mehrerer Messungen ermöglichen, werden hergeleitet und erläutert. Hierzu wird unter anderem der Polarisationsgrad des reflektierten Lichts ausgewertet. Der Zusammenhang zwischen benachbarten Messpunkten wird mittels Markov-Zufallsfeldern modelliert. Eindeutige Merkmale auf einer spiegelnden Oberfläche lassen sich durch stereoskopische Auswertung lokaler Krümmungsmerkmale bestimmen. Diese sind für die Realisierung eines Regionenwachstumverfahrens notwendig. Letztlich werden die mit dem entwickelten Messaufbau und den implementierten Algorithmen realisierten dreidimensionalen Rekonstruktionsergebnisse diskutiert. Unter Verwendung von Optimierungsverfahren konnten diese Daten weiter verbessert werden. Die Eignung verschiedener numerischer Methoden wie etwa Iterated Conditional Modes oder Gauß-Seidel-Relaxation wurde untersucht und an Hand der erzielten Verbesserung bewertet.

An exploration of the theories, histories, practices, and contradictions of liberalism today. What does it mean to be a liberal in neoliberal times? This collection of short essays attempts to show how liberals and the wider concept of liberalism remain relevant in what many perceive to be a highly illiberal age. Liberalism in the broader sense revolves around tolerance, progress, humanitarianism, objectivity, reason, democracy, and human rights. Liberalism's emphasis on individual rights opened a theoretical pathway to neoliberalism, through private property, a classically minimal liberal state, and the efficiency of “free markets.” In practice, neoliberalism is associated less with the economic deregulation championed by its advocates than the re-regulation of the economy to protect financial capital. Liberalism in Neoliberal Times engages with the theories, histories, practices, and contradictions of liberalism, viewing it in relation to four central areas of public life: human rights, ethnicity and gender, education, and the media. The contributors explore the transformations in as well as the transformative aspects of liberalism and highlight both its liberating and limiting capacities. The book contends that liberalism—in all its forms—continues to underpin specific institutions such as the university, the free press, the courts, and, of course, parliamentary democracy. Liberal ideas are regularly mobilized in areas such as counterterrorism, minority rights, privacy, and the pursuit of knowledge. This book contends that while we may not agree on much, we can certainly agree that an understanding of liberalism and its emancipatory capacity is simply too important to be left to liberals. Contributors Alejandro Abraham-Hamanoiel, Patrick Ainley, Abdullahi An-Na'im, Michael Bailey, Haim Bresheeth, Basak Çali, David Chandler, William Davies, Costas Douzinas, Natalie Fenton, Des Freedman, Roberto Gargarella, Priyamvada Gopal, Jonathan Hardy, John Holmwood, Ratna Kapur, Gholam Khiabany, Ray Kiely, Monika Krause, Deepa Kumar, Arun Kundnani, Colin Leys, Howard Littler, Kathleen Lynch, Robert W. McChesney, Nivedita Menon, Toby Miller, Kate Nash, Joan Pedro-Carañana, Julian Petley, Anne Phillips, Jonathan Rosenhead, Annabelle Sreberny, John Steel, Michael Wayne, Milly Williamson

Volume 1 "Policy Changes and Challenges" takes as its central theme the ongoing and challenging issues which child protection agencies have to address and the policy and practice initiatives that are developed to try and address these. The volume includes papers on: the relationship between the decline in the rate of ‘unnatural’ deaths and the growth of concern about child abuse in the USA between 1940 and 2005; mandatory reporting; the balance between providing urgent intervention and meeting chronic need; risk and the Public Law Outline in England; the nature and implications of ‘child centred’ policies; the impact of intimate partner and family violence; the intended and unintended consequences of high profile child abuse scandals; developing multi-disciplinary team work in a health setting; and the possibilities of technology-based innovations in prevention programmes.

La favela, cet envers du décor de la « Cité merveilleuse », a beaucoup contribué à faire de Rio de Janeiro - et plus largement du Brésil - la terre de tous les contrastes. En ouvrant ce livre, le lecteur français pourrait donc à bon droit y voir une invitation au voyage dans un monde qui éveille sa curiosité, mais lui demeure en définitive étranger. Pourtant c'est plus encore au mouvement inverse, de l'exotique au familier, du lointain au proche, que cet ouvrage nous invite. Son propos n'est pas tant d'ajouter une nouvelle pierre à l'édifice déjà impressionnant des connaissances sur les favelas, ni d'en faire la synthèse, que d'en expliciter les conditions sociales de production. Car la favela s'« invente » au fil d'une histoire séculaire qui, du mythe d'origine en passant par le discours scientifique, mène contre toute attente à une consécration culturelle et médiatique. Analysant à la fois cette forme particulière d'habitat populaire et les réseaux d'acteurs et d'institutions qui en ont façonné l'image, Licia Valladares nous offre une contribution originale à l'histoire des sciences sociales brésiliennes, de la Première République à nos jours.

Biological invasions threaten biodiversity and cause significant economic and ecological costs. Effective management of invasive species is crucial, as highlighted by the European Community's Regulation 1143/2014 on Invasive Alien Species (IAS). This study focuses on coastal dune ecosystems, particularly assessing the time and cost-effectiveness of three monitoring methods for detecting and mapping alien plants: photointerpretation, machine learning classification, and field monitoring. Yucca gloriosa L., an invasive species in Regional Park of Migliarino-San Rossore-Massaciuccoli (Tuscany, Italy), served as the target species. Using RGB DJI Phantom 4 Pro v. 2.0 and DJI P4 Multispectral drones, images were analyzed via photointerpretation and machine learning. Photointerpretation, though precise, was time-consuming and subjective. Machine learning minimized human effort but required extensive computing. Field monitoring produced accurate maps but was labor-intensive and limited by accessibility issues. This study concludes that UAV-based monitoring of Y. gloriosa is optimal for balancing cost and time efficiency in coastal dune ecosystems.

Aborda e analisa a trajetória do conhecimento em Política e Gestão educacional – tendo como estratégia flexível de análise crítica a Cartografia esquizoanalítica de Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari – identificando as regras de formação que conduzem os instrumentos conceituais que guiam as práticas de pesquisa e formam um lócus de saber-poder que estabelece a maneira pela qual o conhecimento deve ser conduzido para normalizar e regulamentar a maneira como se organiza o real.

In this anthology you will find research articles on several new children’s books and series, alongside essays by children's literature authors and visual artists. The articles demonstrate methods for close reading of children's literature, and both the articles and essays offer inspiration for further research and study of children's literature. This book is published in tandem with a companion volume on contemporary young adult literature (Nye ungdomsboklesninger [New Readings in Young Adult Literature]). Both anthologies share a commitment to strengthening research on literature for children and adolescents and to highlighting books that foster rewarding reading experiences. Literature continually evolves, and each new generation of readers needs fresh, meaningful books. This volume will be relevant for researchers and students, schoolteachers and early childhood educators, librarians, and anyone interested in new insights into literature and fostering children's love of reading. The anthology contains articles about various types of books by both established and emerging authors and visual artists: Lisa Aisato, Nora Dåsnes, Endre Lund Eriksen, Malin Falch, Jon Fosse, Jørn Lier Horst, Åshild Irgens, Mari Kanstad Johnsen, Ruth Lillegraven, Hannah Mileman, Per Ragnar Møkleby, Torstein Nordstrand, Simon Nyhus, Erna Osland, Maria Parr, Hans Jørgen Sandnes, Ketil Selnes, Bjørn Sortland and Arne Svingen.

Accompagnant les progrès de l'alphabétisation et de la lecture, véhiculé par de nouveaux supports (le feuilleton), le roman populaire, de la Révolution à nos jours, forme un immense continent longtemps occulté par la culture officielle. L'Homme masqué, le justicier et le détective en décrit quelques provinces : omniprésence des thèmes du carnaval et de la mascarade, jeux avec le ressassement et le stéréotype, genèse du roman policier, rapports entre ce genre et le Nouveau Roman. Des filatures de Rouletabille aux fils et nœuds textuels de Robbe-Grillet, il y a plus qu'une filiation. Et ce sont quelques-uns des points de vertige de notre culture que ces textes sous le signe du jeu viennent interroger.

Architecture

This chapter focuses on the case of Puerto Rellena, a neighborhood in the eastern part of Cali, whose social and economic composition has been shaped by violence, exclusion, and displacement. Through the historical narration of Puerto Resistencia, named as such after the social protests of 2019 and 2021, a memory is constructed that goes beyond the neighborhood itself, encompassing the communities that found an opportunity in it to rebuild their social fabric. The research is based on various forms of communication, documentary review, interviews, and fieldwork in the territory to integrate multiple perspectives and investigations on the subject. Throughout this study, it analyzes how these historical circumstances and social demands have shaped the identity and struggle of Puerto Resistencia in the midst of stigmatization by certain political sectors.

The present book comprises a number of studies centered around the topic of how knowledge diffuses from one culture to another, and how knowledge diffusion is connected with the spread of languages and the conceptual systems they carry by translation. This diffusion also takes place also over linguistic borders, in the way that a given receiving language may also absorb systems of knowledge from languages that are linguistically quite unrelated but culturally connected with respect to knowledge transfer. Thus we find that Sumerian concepts with considerable impact were moved into the Akkadian language, along with writing-systems, religion, science and literature, even though linguistically the languages are completely unrelated. Another example is how Chinese culture and writing systems spread throughout East Asia into Korea, Japan and Vietnam, though the languages of these countries were linguistically unrelated to Chinese. The same case can be made for Buddhist ways of thinking when it was clothed in the garb of Chinese or Tibetan, or one of the other languages along the Silk Road. This is also true for the spread of Manicheism, as it was portrayed in a great number of languages, related or unrelated. German and Latin are linguistically related, but when Latin learning was communicated in Old High German, many of its terms were created in Middle German to accommodate the Latin conceptual world, and the German language was lastingly enriched with novisms denoting concepts of the Classical traditions of learning, in a process parallel to the spread of Greek Christianity into the East European cultures and languages. The book describes some cases of such knowledge transfer and what kind of mechanisms are involved in the ensuing language changes in the receiving languages and cultures.