Open Access Books

Si les discriminations sociales et ethniques, aussi bien à l'école qu'au travail, ont fait l'objet de publications, l'étude des discriminations selon le genre reste largement à mener. Le programme Formation, qualification, éducation, emploi (FQE2), qui réunit non seulement des chercheurs et des chercheuses en sciences humaines et sociales, mais aussi des professionnel(le)s appartenant au domaine de l'éducation et de la formation, s'est précisément interrogé sur la construction du genre qui préside au déroulement des parcours sexués au long des degrés scolaires. Devant les élèves, puis les étudiants, les professeurs incarnent une institution qui porte la tradition, mais l'inertie ne l'emporte jamais totalement, puisque le renouveau est déjà à l'œuvre grâce à l'engagement d'enseignant(e)s en faveur de l'égalité entre les sexes. En les mettant quelques heures à distance de leurs pratiques quotidiennes pour y porter un regard réflexif, la lecture de cet ouvrage peut contribuer à changer le regard des femmes et des hommes sur leurs rôles sociaux. Souhaitons aussi qu'elle encourage des initiatives visant à l'émancipation des femmes à l'école, à l'université et dans leur univers de travail.

In this thesis, a hydraulic circuit will be developed, which can reduce the partial load losses of hydraulic-mechanic load-sensing systems (LS). As reference application, the LS system of an hydraulic excavator will be used. The efficiency improvement potential of different excavator cycles will be determined and the main components of the new circuit will be designed and optimized. By means of Co-simulation, function and performance of the optimized system will be verified.

Le monde hyperconnecté de l’information et de la connaissance dans lequel nous vivons aujourd’hui suscite beaucoup d’interrogations. Les fausses informations, les théories conspirationnistes, les allégations pseudo-scientifiques y prolifèrent sans retenue, suscitant des emballements médiatico-émotionnels incontrôlés, et tout particulièrement durant cette période de crise sanitaire. Il s’agit pourtant de véritables impostures vis-à-vis desquelles nous devons réagir avec discernement, faire la part des choses entre ce qui est vrai et ce qui est faux, déceler les prétendus spécialistes autoproclamés pour ne pas se laisser duper.Ce livre, conçu comme un manuel d’autodéfense intellectuelle, fait suite au précédent paru en 2020 : Comment naviguer dans les eaux troubles d’un océan d’absurdités ? Les cinq chapitres de ce deuxième tome sont étayés par des données scientifiques issues de la psychologie sociale expérimentale et illustrés par des épisodes suggestifs de la vie quotidienne. Ils proposent de résister à cet irrépressible besoin de tout mettre dans des cases, d’expliciter les fondements des théories du complot pour mieux les combattre, de rester intelligent par rapport aux fascinantes technologies du numérique, de restaurer l’art du vrai débat et d’en écarter les imposteurs, de mettre de l’ordre dans nos idées sur ce thème obsessionnel du changement mis à toutes les sauces.

This volume, through highly selective and rigorous review processes, has collected eight empirical studies showcasing research advances in multiple domains including child first language, adult additional language, and heritage language acquisition. The studies are theoretically motivated and have adopted a spectrum of innovative methodological strategies to achieve a broader understanding of the nature of learning and the learning process. The volume encompasses a wide range of contents: 1) The L1 and L2 acquisition of syntax, semantics, phonetics, and the syntax-discourse interface; 2) Data comparisons across different learner groups: L1 Chinese children, L2 Chinese learners, and Chinese heritage speakers; 3) Acquisition of language skills: speaking, listening, and writing; and last but not least, 4) Instructional interventions including consciousness-raising and metacognitive strategy training. The volume is intended to bridge the gap between research and instruction by helping teachers understand their students and their learning. Informed by research, teachers can opt for appropriate pedagogical approaches and instructional conditions for their students. The volume is guest-edited by Xiaohong Wen, Professor in Applied Linguistics and Chinese language Acquisition at the University of Houston.

user interfaces; human computer interaction; computers and society

This volume looks at the Finnish-German military alliance (1941–1944) as a translation zone – a multilingual network of military, administrative and civilian encounters that was held together by linguistically versed soldiers and civilians acting as interpreters and translators. It focuses on interpreters and liaison officers of the Finnish Liaison Staff in Rovaniemi, who were assigned to the staffs of the German army units with the task of maintaining communication between the two armies and assisting German troops in their daily matters. Furthermore, attention is paid to Finnish civilians, especially women whose language skills made them candidates for a range of mediation tasks in the German units. The reconstruction of military interpreters’ and liaison officers’ tasks and mediation agency between the two military cultures is based on their war-time weekly reports, whereas the civilian interpreters’ experiences are drawn from a variety of autobiographical accounts, including interviews.

Obwohl vollbiologische Kleinkläranlagen (KKA) als dauerhafte Lösung der Abwasserreinigung anerkannt sind und auch bereits in großem Umfang Anwendung finden, stehen Informationen zur ökologischen Nachhaltigkeit der Herstellung und des Betriebs dieser KKA bisher nicht zur Verfügung. Der vorliegende Abschlussbericht stellt die im Rahmen eines von der Deutschen Bundesstiftung Umwelt (DBU) geförderten Projekts entwickelten methodischen Ansätze zur Analyse und Bewertung der Ökoeffizienz von KKA vor. Der entwickelte Bewertungsansatz erfasst Umweltwirkungen und Ressourcenverbrauch über den gesamten Produktlebenszyklus, macht diese Wirkungen transparent und für die Bewertung zugänglich. Indem die Bewertung ökologische und ökonomische Aspekte verbindet, zeigt sie auch Abwägungsmöglichkeiten zwischen beiden auf. Damit liegen für KKA nun aussagekräftige, praxisgerechte Nachhaltigkeitsindikatoren und Bewertungsansätze vor, die vom Betreiber einer KKA als Entscheidungshilfe bei der Produktauswahl herangezogen werden können. Gleichzeitig werden den überwiegend mittelständischen Herstellern dieser Produktgruppe gezielte Ansatzpunkte für weitere umweltentlastende Verbesserungen aufgezeigt. Damit können die Ergebnisse kleinen und mittelständischen Unternehmen auch zur Steigerung ihrer Wettbewerbs- und Innovationsfähigkeit verhelfen.

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

The First German Grammar printed for Russians (Berlin, 1713) and its Geographical Names from Prussia Identifying some unexpected in the text geographical names from Prussia, the article discusses the possibility that the pseudonymous Deutsche Grammatica printed in Berlin explicitly for Russian students could have been compiled by the Huguenot professor linguae Gallicae and geographer Isaac Briand (1664–1747), who had been called to Berlin from Königsberg (Prussia) in 1705 and later on was head of his own privileged by the king, but short-lived military academy for nobles.

The purpose of this book, entitled Face Analysis, Modeling and Recognition Systems is to provide a concise and comprehensive coverage of artificial face recognition domain across four major areas of interest: biometrics, robotics, image databases and cognitive models. Our book aims to provide the reader with current state-of-the-art in these domains. The book is composed of 12 chapters which are grouped in four sections. The chapters in this book describe numerous novel face analysis techniques and approach many unsolved issues. The authors who contributed to this book work as professors and researchers at important institutions across the globe, and are recognized experts in the scientific fields approached here. The topics in this book cover a wide range of issues related to face analysis and here are offered many solutions to open issues. We anticipate that this book will be of special interest to researchers and academics interested in computer vision, biometrics, image processing, pattern recognition and medical diagnosis.

La transformation du mode de production des connaissances scien­tifiques va de pair avec une évolution significative des attentes de la société vis-à-vis des sciences, et soulève pour le philosophe de nouvelles questions : qu’est-ce qui est vraiment nouveau dans le régime actuel de production des connaissances ? Quel rôle et quelle responsabilité pour le chercheur face à la demande croissante d’expertise scientifique ? Quelle attitude avoir face à des avancées technologiques touchant à la nature même de l’Homme ? Le citoyen doit-il être davantage impliqué dans le choix des grandes priorités de la recherche ? Cet ouvrage offre une sélection variée et accessible de travaux actuels en philosophie des sciences explorant les facettes multiples des relations entre science et société.

A lot of studies in the field of clinical psychology focus on mental health, behavior problems, adverse childhood experiences, substance use, stress and burnout, eating or sleeping disorders, addictions, etc., and point to the importance of physical, mental and social health on personal and professional well-being. Vulnerable individual or groups issues must also be analyzed as public health issues (e.g., chronic diseases). Training psychologists and doctors to deal with psychological/medical problems is a key point, considering that institutions need to diminish the negative impacts of mental-related problems and to improve public health interventions (through continuing education, university curricula, etc.) This Reprint aimed to provide articles about methods of intervention, psychotherapy, and treatment of various problems experienced by contemporary humans (families, groups, or communities from different cultures); crisis situations; critical incidents; and multidisciplinary approaches from a psychological, medical, social, cultural, and ethical perspective.

This book adopts an integrated history and philosophy of science approach to consider the historical origins and methodological pitfalls of field experiments in economics. It explains key concepts such as control and randomization and identifies two distinct origins of field experimentation in economics: controlled laboratory experiments and randomized field trials. Careful historical analysis reveals that two strands of field experiments have developed, with rather different methodological rationales regarding the validity, both internal and external, of inferences about experimental results. The authors propose a unified methodological framework that makes explicit the complementarity between the two strands of field experiments, as well as between experimentation and other research methods such as econometrics. In addition, the methodological framework aims not only to bridge both strands but also to make explicit often-assumed ethical and political values in experimental design and practice in the field. This book will be valuable reading for advanced students and scholars in the history of economics, philosophy of economics, economic methodology, and experimental economics.

This volume explores the discursive construction of debates around the topic of vaccination, with a particular focus on the hypothesis of a link between the MMR vaccine and autism. The research analyses the coverage of the debate in the British press up to 2019, through the tools of corpus-assisted discourse analysis and in light of the so-called “post-truth era”. The analysis focuses on the construction of medico-scientific debates in the media, in particular on issues of newsworthiness and polyphony. The discursive representation of evidence and the (de)legitimation strategies of social actors interacting in the debate are then explored. A large part of the volume is also devoted to the topic of argumentative narratives and the evidential value of personal experience. Each chapter of the monograph illustrates a connection between these aspects of the MMR vaccine controversy and the Covid-19 pandemic situation.

ABC Learning Design is a popular and effective rapid design method for developing educational programmes, modules and short courses. Created at UCL in 2015, ABC enables academic teams to collaborate in short, focused workshops to co-create visual storyboards of students’ learning journeys. Its ease of use, adaptability, and open licence have led to widespread adoption across the UK, Europe and beyond. ABC Learning Design: Active, blended, connected and beyond introduces ABC to a new audience, adding insights from institutions that have localised and implemented the method in diverse contexts. ABC provides practical, ready-to-use tools, but it is often reframed as more than a set of resources. Its built-in flexibility not only allows for transferability but actively encourages creative modifications that respond to institutional needs. The core ABC workshop remains the heart of the method and is central to all implementations. Around this, institutions have built locally relevant adaptations that retain the method’s participatory ethos. This shared structure creates a design lingua franca that supports collaboration within and across institutions. Drawing on facilitator and participant experiences, the book reviews ABC’s key strengths and explains why it continues to inspire innovation. It invites a global conversation on enriching learning design for students, faculty, and institutions alike.