Open Access Books

Le présent volume est issu d’un colloque qui s’est tenu à l’Université de Tel-Aviv en 1981, à l’occasion du centenaire de la mort du grand érudit Jacob Bernays (1824-1881). Les contributions sont éditées dans la langue où elles ont été présentées (allemand, anglais et français). Premier philologue juif de renom dans le domaine des études classiques, Bernays fut aussi le premier Juif pratiquant à être nommé sur un poste proprement universitaire dans l’Allemagne du dix-neuvième siècle. Par ses publications et son enseignement, il posa les fondements d’une étude adéquate de plusieurs champs de recherche dans le domaine de l’Antiquité classique. Son explication des passages d’Aristote relatifs à la katharsis tragique est sans doute sa contribution la plus célèbre : Freud (dont la femme était la nièce de Bernays) en fit probablement usage. Mais son influence a été profonde en de multiples domaines. Sa contribution au développement de nouvelles méthodes de critique textuelle fut considérable. L’analyse des textes philosophiques anciens – tout spécialement en ce qui concerne la période de l’Antiquité tardive – lui doit beaucoup. On ne peut concevoir les études philologiques et historiques de la littérature et de la philosophie juives de langue grecque sans tenir compte de ses études. Il fut aussi l’un des premiers à comprendre l’importance, non seulement pour les spécialistes, mais aussi pour le public cultivé en général, de l’histoire de la philologie classique. Reconnu par ses contemporains comme un savant de premier plan, Bernays fut aussi une personnalité fascinante dont l’attitude inflexible éclaire, par sa marginalité même, une période capitale pour le mouvement d’émancipation juive. Les différentes sections du volume font le tour du personnage : l’éclairage historique et biographique est donné par Jacob Toury et Ephraïm Urbach ; Mayotte Bollack et John Glucker présentent les travaux de Bernays sur Lucrèce, Hermann Funke et Bernd Effe ceux consacrés à Aristote. Les études de Menahem Luz, Yehoshua Amir et de John Dillon (sur Antisthène, Théophraste et Philon d’Alexandrie), touchent à des champs explorés par Bernays. Le portrait tracé par Jean Bollack, dans une contribution significativement intitulée « Un homme d’un autre monde », a valeur de synthèse. Plusieurs textes de J. Bernays, inédits ou publiés dans des organes quasi-confidentiels, ont été inclus en annexe.

This book argues that post-truth discourses are deeply influencing political debates on migration and border security, blurring the line between fact-based debates and post-truth storylines. Offering a nuanced analysis of discourse within parliamentary debates on migration across multiple EU countries and the European Parliament, the book challenges conventional assumptions about the drivers of post-truth, highlighting its role in legislative settings rather than solely in informalised public fora like social media. It illuminates the presence and use of post-truth narratives and the pervasiveness of post-factual politics at the centre of democratic policy-making processes, namely parliamentary debates, and highlights how certain post-truth structures become embedded into mainstream political debates and policies. This book will be of key interest to scholars, students and professionals in migration policy/studies, political communication, communication studies, and more broadly to public policy, European studies, media studies, international relations and sociology.

The days of donation boxes are numbered. An increasing number of clubs and associations, projects and foundations no longer wish to (exclusively) collect donations on the street or via post, but rather are looking to collect funds and mobilize supporters in a more affordable and effective way online. In this book, you will find out how that works. Using various practical examples, the fundamentals of successful online fundraising are explained: from user-friendly website design through efficient social media management, up to planning and evaluation of fundraising campaigns.

IT. L’etimo della parola autore rinvia, con il verbo augere, a un gesto creativo e di incremento. Autore è l’istanza che crea, che accresce l’esistente. Nel 1967 Roland Barthes ne sancisce la morte in un celebre testo per ribadire che la crisi è quella dell’autore come soggettività individuale e nome condensatore di prestigio, già minato dalle strategie desoggettivanti di automatismo, casualità e frammentazione delle avanguardie storiche, così come dal gesto macchinico e di riproducibilità delle seconde avanguardie.A cinquant’anni da quella affermazione l’assenza di autorialità sembra essere una griffe di successo. Le tensioni tra l’anomia della materia, la norma che istituisce autorialità e l’economia che rende possibile l’opera disegnano prospettive discordanti. L’artista fa dell’autodistruzione della propria opera la vera opera e ci si appella alla demolizione di architetture, d’autore o meno, per riprogettare, o meglio per riaffermare il territorio. L’intelligenza artificiale consolida le proprie logiche e la propria progettualità smarcandosi progressivamente dall’ingegno umano. Lo spazio della critica è sempre più evanescente, vi è però un’accezione di critica che, più che “firma" individuale, è esplorazione e esplicitazione di come il progetto fa teoria.Il binomio materia-autore intende marcare queste tensioni e contraddizioni: in questa locuzione la parola autore interroga il permanere di quella prestigiosa soggettività proprio nel momento in cui le retoriche della “materia come autore" promettono altre forme di autorialità.EN. The etymology of the word author refers to an act of creation, an act of augmentation, from the Latin verb augere. Author instantiates creation, the expansion of the pre-existing. In 1967 Roland Barthes declared the death of the author in his famous essay to state once more that the crisis is that of the author as a single subjectivity and as a term that condenses prestige, undermined by the de-subjectivation strategies of automatism, fortuity and fragmentation of the historical avant-gardes, as well as by the machinic act and by the reproducibility of the second avant-gardes.Fifty years after Barthes’ paradigmatic formula, this lack of authorship appears to be a successful brand. The tensions between the anomie of matter, the law that establishes authorship and the economy that makes the work possible, invoke discordant perspectives. Artists make the self-destruction of their work the real work, and appeal is made for the demolition of architectures, whether by a recognised author or not, in order to re-design, or better still, re-claim the territory. Artificial intelligence consolidates its logics and its design by progressively shedding human ingenuity. The space of criticism becomes, finally, increasingly ephemeral. However, there is an acceptation of criticism that is, rather than an individual ‘signature’, an exploration and explanation of how design makes theory.The binomial author-matter seeks to mark these tensions and contradictions: the featured term author is maintained to underline the persistence of that prestigious subjectivity, at the very moment when the rhetoric of “matter as an author" promises other forms of authorship.

Dans son essai qui remonte à 1967, L’apriori de la communauté communicationnelle et les fondements de l’éthique, Karl-Otto Apel analyse la situation éthique contemporaine en dévoilant l’aporie théorique qui faisait obstacle à la fondation rationnelle d’une « macro-éthique » de la responsabilité. En surmontant la contradiction centrale de la philosophie occidentale, il tente de libérer l’horizon de la philosophie pratique. L’opposition entre la compréhension scientiste de l’idée de validité intersubjective d’un côté, et l’irrationalisme qui fait ultimement dépendre les normes pratiques d’une décision subjective arbitraire de l’individu isolé, de l’autre, est dépassée par l’analyse des présupposés de la communication.

This book offers the reader new achievements within the Assistive Technology field made by worldwide experts, covering aspects such as assistive technology focused on teaching and education, mobility, communication and social interactivity, among others. Each chapter included in this book covers one particular aspect of Assistive Technology that invites the reader to know the recent advances made in order to bridge the gap in accessible technology for disabled or impaired individuals.

This open access book is a crucial intervention in the debate concerning positive human rights obligations. There is nowadays no dispute in human rights doctrine over whether rights entail positive duties on the part of the state at the level of principle. But there has been surprisingly little academic commentary devoted to the question of whether there are, or should be, limits placed on how far those obligations extend. Similarly, there has been little scholarly attention paid to the question of how causation can be reasonably attributed in the context of violations of positive obligations. And there are very few sociological explanations provided as to why positive human rights obligations appear to be expanding without principled limits in the first place. This volume assembles the work of a range of leading scholars in international human rights law to fill these gaps in the literature. Each of its 11 substantive chapters addresses an aspect of positive obligations with a particular focus on issues concerning limits. Taken together, they provide the first serious attempt to grapple critically with the subject of the limits, causality and scope of positive obligations theoretically and doctrinally. This makes the book essential reading for scholars of human rights law. The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com.

The introduction contains a description of the theoretical framework and the issues raised in the work, especially the categories of power.

In this richly illustrated history Cecil Elliott focuses on a neglected aspect of architecture, the tecnics of building form. Concentrating on developments in Europe and North America from the Industrial Revolution to the present, he surveys the ways in which new materials, methods, and systems were discovered and tested, and the ways in which they succeeded or failed. Elliott tells the story in two parts, first covering materials - in chapters on wood, masonry, terracotta, iron and steel, glass, cement, and reinforced concrete - and then systems - including lightning protection, sanitation, lighting, heating, air conditioning, elevators and escalators, fire protection, structural engineering, and acoustics. Each chapter begins with a review of the relevant classical and medieval technology, then focuses on developments over the past two centuries, including related business, political, scientific, or social events where these impinge on development or usage.Technics and Architecture brings together information on a broad range of building materials and systems not found in any existing publication. It identifies the principles underlying technical advances in the building arts, pointing out that significant innovations have depended largely on the discovery of new approaches to the problems rather than the polishing of old mechanisms or handcraft methods; that in most cases advances were more rapid when the urgency of development was imposed by uses outside the application of a material or system in buildings; and that the extent of improvements has been extremely uneven. Throughout, Elliott observes that at any specific time a variety of solutions are used simultaneously, according to industrial conditions and economic factors. This being a human activity, he notes, failures, equivocation, misjudgment, and vainglorious acts also play a part.

Tworzenie dokumentacji technicznych i projektowych z użyciem programów do komputerowego wspomagania projektowania od wielu lat uznawane jest za rozwiązanie standardowe. Opracowany podręcznik ma na celu umożliwienie czytelnikom zdobycie wiedzy i praktycznych umiejętności z zakresu przygotowania dokumentacji rysunkowej przy pomocy programu AutoCAD 2023. Dobór prezentowanych przykładów oraz zadań ćwiczeniowych powoduje, że podręcznik dedykowany jest przede wszystkim studentom kierunków Elektrotechnika, Edukacja techniczno-informatyczna i Budownictwo. W podręczniku ograniczono opis poleceń i dostępnych opcji, skupiając się na zaprezentowaniu ich działania i praktycznych zastosowań. Sposób użycia poleceń pokazano na przykładach oraz w zadaniach ćwiczeniowych. Do wszystkich przykładów i ćwiczeń przygotowano pliki dyskowe, które wprowadzone do programu przez użytkowników pozwolą im doskonalić umiejętności modelowania, edytowania i przygotowania do druku dokumentacji rysunkowej.

This text refers to the application of cloud computing technology in modern libraries, with particular emphasis on large academic institutions. Based on the experiences of the Library of Congress, benefits from the use of cloud services by libraries and recommendations for the secure use of cloud technology. Networking of cloud-based information communities contributes to the growth of book and reader promotion, library support, and book development.

L’Europe occidentale, nous dit-on, est le théâtre privilégié de la sécularisation et du désenchantement du monde. Mais qu’en est-il vraiment du rapport entre la modernité et l’effacement du religieux à l’horizon des sociétés contemporaines ? La perte d’emprise des institutions ecclésiales signifie-t-elle la fin des croyances religieuses ? Quelle place le catholicisme occupe-t-il encore au sein de cultures qu’il a contribué à façonner ? Qu’advient-il de ses structures, de sa présence à l’actualité, de sa capacité à peser dans le débat public ou dans les pratiques privées de nos contemporains ? En un mot, quel rôle nos sociétés assignent-elles à un « religieux » dont on n’en finit pas d’annoncer à la fois la disparition et le retour ?De 2006 à 2012, ces questions ont été au centre des travaux du Groupe européen de recherche interdisciplinaire sur le changement religieux (GERICR). Sociologues, politistes et historiens, issus de cinq pays européens de tradition catholique, les chercheurs du GERICR se sont rencontrés à plusieurs reprises, comparant leurs démarches, confrontant leurs résultats, construisant à l’épreuve de leurs débats un questionnaire dont ce livre est issu. Le lecteur y trouvera les analyses de la situation du catholicisme en Belgique, en Espagne, en France, en Italie et au Portugal, élaborées selon un plan commun et autour de thématiques parallèles. Un dernier chapitre, rédigé collectivement, propose une synthèse comparative. Unique en son genre, ce livre est à la fois l’analyse inédite de l’évolution du catholicisme en Europe occidentale au cours des dernières décennies, et le résultat d’une aventure intellectuelle partagée.

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Adaptive E-learning was proposed to be suitable for students with unique profiles, particular interests, and from different domains of knowledge, so profiles may consider specific goals of the students, as well as different preferences, knowledge level, learning style, rendering psychological profile, and more. Another approach to be taken into account today is the self-directed learning. Unlike the adaptive E-learning, the Self-directed learning is related to independence or autonomy in learning; it is a logical link for readiness for E-learning, where students pace their classes according to their own needs.This book provides information on the On-Job Training and Interactive Teaching for E-learning and is divided into four sections. The first section covers motivations to be considered for E-learning while the second section presents challenges concerning E-learning in areas like Engineering, Medical education and Biological Studies. New approaches to E-learning are introduced in the third section, and the last section describes the implementation of E-learning Environments.