Open Access Books

In Deutschland hat gut ein Drittel der unter 25-Jährigen einen Migrationshintergrund. Wie beeinflusst das die Lebenswelt der Kinder, Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen? Der Bericht basiert auf Erhebungen des Statistischen Bundesamtes und unterteilt die Untersuchungskategorie "Migrationshintergrund" in Generationszugehörigkeit, Herkunftsregion und Aufenthaltsstatus sowie Familiensituation, soziale Lage und Bildungshintergrund der Eltern.

Este libro, producto de los trabajos del seminario sobre participación política de las mujeres del Programa Interdisciplinario de Estudios de la Mujer de El Colegio de México, que tuvo lugar en 1995-1996 con becarias del Programa de Financiamiento a la Investigación ofrece un ejemplo del esfuerzo de "hacer visibles" a las mujeres en la vida política de nuestro país, así como de la heterogeneidad de su actuación (con trabajos que abarcan desde mujeres del MUP en el Distrito Federal, a las que gobiernan municipios en Veracruz y las políticas del Partido Revolucionario Institucional, hasta las mujeres de una comunidad sinarquista de Sinaloa).

Der Einsatz von an Schweißrobotern angebrachten, pneumatisch betätigten Spannrollen ermöglicht eine Steigerung der Flexibilität beim Remote-Laserstrahlschweißen im Karosseriebau. Dabei stellen die Auslegung der Spannkräfte, der Fügevorrichtungen und der fertigungsgerechten Bauteiltoleranzen eine Herausforderung dar. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde der Spann- und Fügeprozess des Remote-Laserstrahlschweißens mit Einsatz einer Spannrolle untersucht. Die Untersuchung erfolgte experimentell und simulativ für Blechformteile aus Stahl und Aluminium sowie für Aluminiumgussbauteile. Zur simulativen Untersuchung wurden validierte Finite-Elemente Simulationsmodelle erarbeitet, die erstmalig den Einsatz einer flexiblen Spannrolle im Karosseriebau abbilden. Die Simulationsmodelle ermöglichen die Berechnung von Spannprozessen auf drei Arten: weggesteuert mit vollständiger Vorgabe der Rollenbewegung, kraftgesteuerte mit Vorgabe eines Spannkraftverlaufs und kraftgeregelt mit Vorgabe gewünschter resultierender Fügespalte. Auf Basis der Untersuchungen wurden prozess- und bauteilseitige Maßnahmen zur Reduktion erforderlicher Spannkräfte und resultierender Fügespalte identifiziert und ein grundlegendes Prozessverständnis für den neuartigen Fertigungsprozess aufgebaut.

Este libro es el producto de las investigaciones de 2014 que se socializaron en el Congreso Nacional de Política Criminal y ""Prevención"" en el que se presentaron diferentes posturas y críticas al concepto de ""prevención"" del delito. La primera parte del libro la hemos denominado ""Una crítica al concepto de prevención"", en ella se contemplan los siguientes capítulos: ""Políticas públicas y 'prevención' en Colombia"", en este se confronta una política criminal garantista con una política crimina...

Phonologically prominent or "strong" positions are well known for their ability to resist positional neutralization processes such as vowel reduction or place assimilation. However, there are also cases of neutralization that affect only strong positions, as when stressed syllables must be heavy, default stress is inserted into roots, or word-initial onsets must be low in sonority. In this book, Jennifer Smith shows that phonological processes specific to strong positions are distinct from those involved in classic positional neutralization effects because they always serve to augment the strong position with a perceptually salient characteristic. Formally, positional augmentation effects are modeled by means of markedness constraints relativized to strong positions. Because positional augmentation constraints are subject to certain substantive restrictions, as seen in their connection to perceptual salience, this study has implications for the relationship between functional grounding and phonological theory.

With the gradual transformation of hydraulic engineering from digitization and intelligence to WISDOM, remote sensing technology, artificial intelligence and deep learning methods have been widely used for automatic perception, processing, storage and analysis of hydraulic structure engineering monitoring data. The advent of remote sensing technologies such as three-dimensional tilt photography offers the opportunity to build an integrated hydraulic engineering monitoring and acquisition system that is capable of capturing all the details of hydraulic engineering. With the introduction of artificial intelligence and deep learning methods, hydraulic engineering information has been analyzed and exploited efficiently. Combined with traditional hydraulic structure behavior analysis methods, such as geotechnical testing and numerical simulation, artificial intelligence and deep learning methods can help solve more complex hydraulic engineering problems by providing more accurate and professional intelligent analysis and ubiquitous hydraulic engineering services of great theoretical importance and application value in order to achieve the general improvement of the safety monitoring of hydraulic structures.

The Special Issue provides twelve contributions, of which three original articles, seven narrative reviews, one systematic review, and one meta-analysis that, altogether, offer a multifaceted and multidisciplinary overview that allows to draw a picture as intriguing and fascinating as possible on the benefits of curcumin and also to suggest potential fields of activities still to be explored. Among the biological activities exerted by curcumin, the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties reported in many studies make it a potential effective tool in preventing and counteracting chronic-degenerative diseases, very often associated with obesity and aging, such as cardiovascular diseases, T2D, metabolic dysfunctions, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer, all of them characterized by the presence of oxidative and inflammatory processes. The main concerns that arise from the evaluation of the preventive/therapeutic effects of curcumin are, first of all, the still small number of randomized placebo-control studies available; in addition, small sample sizes have generally been considered, and different protocols and different formulations as well as different routes of administration of curcumin have been used. Thus, it is quite difficult to compare the results and to provide a standard protocol for the use of this promising natural compound. For these reasons, and taking in account the growing use of curcumin by the general population, further investigations to confirm and expand current findings are mandatory and research on curcumin and its effects on human health have to be fostered and promoted.

Elucidates the problematic impact of influential development metanarratives on different actors as well as policy and practice on sustainability challenges. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.

The growth and health of our digital economies and societies depend on the core protocols and infrastructure of the Internet. This technical and logical substructure of our digital existence is now in need of protection against unwarranted interference in order to sustain the growth and the integrity of the global Internet. The Internet's key protocols and infrastructure can be considered a global public good that provides benefits to everyone in the world. Countering the growing state interference with this 'public core of the Internet' requires a new international agenda for Internet governance that departs from the notion of a global public good. Core ingredients of this strategy are: - To establish and disseminate an international norm stipulating that the Internet's public core - its main protocols and infrastructure- should be considered a neutral zone, safeguarded against unwarranted intervention by governments. - To advocate efforts to clearly differentiate at the national and international level between Internet security (security of the Internet infrastructure) and national security (security through the Internet). - To broaden the arena for cyber diplomacy to include new coalitions of states (including the so called 'swing states') and private companies, including the large Internet companies as well as Internet intermediaries such as Internet Service Providers.

Als Fundament für neuartige Netzwerkanwendungen sind strukturierte P2P Overlays attraktiv. In diesen Strukturen folgen Datenpakete logischen Verbindungen zwischen den Netzwerkteilnehmern, die jedoch meist komplexen Wegen durch das zugrunde liegende Netzwerk entsprechen. Die in dieser Arbeit vorgestellten Konzepte verringern die daraus resultierenden hohen Routing-Latenzen im Overlay. Schwerpunkt dabei ist ein Verfahren zur Vergabe von auf Netzwerk-Koordinaten basierenden Teilnehmerkennungen.

« Belle Époque », « Trente glorieuses », « Années de plomb » : les noms de période ont servi aux historiens de « divisions imaginaires du temps ». Peut-on parler des « Dix décisives » pour la décennie 1869-1879, soulignant ainsi la continuité de l’influence libérale ? Cent cinquante ans après l’effondrement du Second Empire, de l’écrasement de la Commune de Paris et de la lente et incertaine conquête de la République, la décennie 1869-1879 mérite d’être revisitée. Le temps est venu d’offrir une synthèse renouvelée, prolongée d’une réflexion mémorielle sur les ressorts de l’établissement de « la plus longue des Républiques ». Quel est le moment décisif ? Sans doute celui durant lequel les choses se décident, où les acteurs sortent du provisoire, saisissent l’opportunité de l’instant de la décision. Les « Dix décisives » s’inscrivent en amont de l’installation durable de la Troisième République, enfin solidement aux mains des républicains : l’alliance politique et intellectuelle entre républicains modérés et libéraux orléanistes, préparée par une maturation et des échanges intellectuels, a servi de clé de voûte à la fondation durable de la République parlementaire en France.

Athletes and their support personnel are constantly seeking evidence-informed recommendations to enhance athletic performance during competition and to optimize training-induced adaptations. Accordingly, nutritional and supplementation strategies are commonplace when seeking to achieve these aims, with such practices being implemented before, during, or after competition and/or training in a periodized manner. Performance nutrition is becoming increasingly specialized and needs to consider the diversity of athletes and the nature of the competitions. This Special Issue, Nutrition Support for Athletic Performance, describes recent advances in these areas.

The informal economy – broadly defined as economic activity that is not subject to government regulation or taxation – sustains a large part of the world's workforce. It is a diverse, complex and growing area of activity. However, being largely unregulated, its impact on the environment has not been closely scrutinised or analysed. This edited volume demonstrates that the informal sector is a major source of environmental pollution and a major reason behind the environmental degradation accompanying the expansion of economic activity in developing countries. Environmental regulation and economic incentive policies are difficult to implement in this sector because economic units are unregistered, geographically dispersed and difficult to identify. Moreover, given their limited capital base, they cannot afford to pay pollution fees or install pollution abating equipment. The informal manufacturing units, often operate under unscientific and unhealthy conditions, further contributing to polluting the environment. The book emphasizes and examines these challenges, and solutions, faced by various sectors of the informal economy, including urban waste pickers, small-scale farmers, informal workers, home-based workers, street vendors, and more. If the informal sector is to ""Leave no one behind"" (as the Sustainable Development Goals promise) and contribute to ""Inclusive growth"" (an objective of the green economy), then its impact on the economy as well as the environment has to be carefully considered. This book marks a significant contribution to the literature on both the informal economy and sustainable development, and will be of great interest to readers in economics, geography, politics, environment studies and public policy more broadly.

Industrial investments include the use of advanced technologies, which refine, accelerate, and improve industry and raise the profitability of the stakeholders. As part of Industry 4.0, a range of advancements offer considerable opportunities for transforming traditional approaches to product design and manufacturing towards a computer-based innovative way of work, including 3D printing technology, the Internet of Things (IoT), virtual and augmented reality, computer-based simulations, topology optimization, finite element analysis, real-time optimization, artificial intelligence, human-centric design, circular economy principles, and human–machine interactions. Not only have design and manufacturing changed, but so has the focus of researchers, engineers, and academia towards incorporating high-end applications to all stages of a product’s life cycle, each of them shaping the future of the industry by creating both new opportunities within specific sectors and new challenging demands.

The aim of this reprint is to provide a comprehensive exploration of the latest advancements in forestry through the integration of emerging technologies. This publication delves into several key areas, including the application of remote sensing and visualization techniques, the use of digital twins and the metaverse, and the role of artificial intelligence in enhancing forest management. Each of these aspects plays a crucial role in shaping the future of smart forestry. First, remote sensing technologies have revolutionized our ability to create high-precision 3D models of forest ecosystems. These detailed models of terrain, trees, and entire environments provide unprecedented insights into forest structure and dynamics, which are essential for effective monitoring and management. Second, by leveraging the power of digital twin technology and the metaverse, this reprint explores how virtual and real-world environments can be seamlessly integrated. Third, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms play a pivotal role in enhancing the efficiency and accessibility of forestry processes. AI-driven analytics can process vast amounts of data quickly, providing actionable insights that support decision-making in forest management. This reprint shows how AI is transforming forestry by improving the speed and accuracy of data analysis.