Open Access Books

Drallströmungen sind faszinierend, weil darin so manches Phänomen auftritt, das sich mit einem konventionellen Verständnis für Fluiddynamik nicht erschließt. Wohingegen bei den meisten Strömungen Druckgradient und Geschwindigkeitsvektor nahezu gleich ausgerichtet sind, weist der Druckgradient bei Drallströmungen eine wesentliche radiale Komponente senkrecht zum Geschwindigkeitsvektor auf, was zu einer energetischen Schichtung der Strömung in radialer Richtung führt. Dies ermöglicht Strömungstransitionen wie das Wirbelaufplatzen, das häufig zur Stabilisierung der Verbrennung in Gasturbinen eingesetzt wird. In Verbrennungssystemen mit einer dem Wirbelaufplatzen unmittelbar vorangehenden Vormischzone kann sich auf Grund der durch die Verbrennung induzierten Dichte- und Druckgradienten das Wirbelaufplatzen und mit ihm die Flamme stromauf in die Vormischzone verlagern -- es kommt zum Flammenrückschlag. In dieser Arbeit wird experimentell untersucht, warum und wie dieser Flammenrückschlag bei verschiedenen Betriebsbedingungen zustande kommt.

In Lyric Orientations, Hannah Vandegrift Eldridge explores the power of lyric poetry to stir the social and emotional lives of human beings in the face of the ineffable nature of our mortality. She focuses on two German-speaking masters of lyric prose and poetry: Friedrich Hölderlin (1770–1843) and Rainer Maria Rilke (1875–1926). While Hölderlin and Rilke are stylistically very different, each believes in the power of poetic language to orient us as social beings in contexts that otherwise can be alienating. They likewise share the conviction that such alienation cannot be overcome once and for all in any universal event. Both argue that to deny the uncertainty created by the absence of any such event (or to deny the alienation itself) is likewise to deny the particularly human condition of uncertainty and mortality.By drawing on the work of Stanley Cavell, who explores how language in all its formal aspects actually enables us to engage meaningfully with the world, Eldridge challenges poststructuralist scholarship, which stresses the limitations—even the failure—of language in the face of reality. Eldridge provides detailed readings of Hölderlin and Rilke and positions them in a broader narrative of modernity that helps make sense of their difficult and occasionally contradictory self-characterizations. Her account of the orienting and engaging capabilities of language reconciles the extraordinarily ambitious claims that Hölderlin and Rilke make for poetry—that it can create political communities, that it can change how humans relate to death, and that it can unite the sensual and intellectual components of human subjectivity—and the often difficult, fragmented, or hermetic nature of their individual poems.In Lyric Orientations, Hannah Vandegrift Eldridge explores the power of lyric poetry to stir the social and emotional lives of human beings in the face of the ineffable nature of our mortality. She focuses on two German-speaking masters of lyric prose and poetry: Friedrich Hölderlin (1770–1843) and Rainer Maria Rilke (1875–1926). While Hölderlin and Rilke are stylistically very different, each believes in the power of poetic language to orient us as social beings in contexts that otherwise can be alienating. They likewise share the conviction that such alienation cannot be overcome once and for all in any universal event. Both argue that to deny the uncertainty created by the absence of any such event (or to deny the alienation itself) is likewise to deny the particularly human condition of uncertainty and mortality.By drawing on the work of Stanley Cavell, who explores how language in all its formal aspects actually enables us to engage meaningfully with the world, Eldridge challenges poststructuralist scholarship, which stresses the limitations—even the failure—of language in the face of reality. Eldridge provides detailed readings of Hölderlin and Rilke and positions them in a broader narrative of modernity that helps make sense of their difficult and occasionally contradictory self-characterizations. Her account of the orienting and engaging capabilities of language reconciles the extraordinarily ambitious claims that Hölderlin and Rilke make for poetry—that it can create political communities, that it can change how humans relate to death, and that it can unite the sensual and intellectual components of human subjectivity—and the often difficult, fragmented, or hermetic nature of their individual poems.

Der Tagungsband stellt die Ergebnisse der zweijährlich stattfindenden Tagung der in der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gewerblich-Technische Wissenschaften und ihre Didaktiken (GTW) zusammengeschlossenen Berufsbildungsforscher und Vertreter beruflicher Schulen vor. Er zieht Bilanz über zahlreiche Arbeiten der vergangenen Jahre und präsentiert in Fachbeiträgen Vorschläge und Forschungsarbeiten zur Verbesserung der Qualität der Berufsbildung in insgesamt fünf Schwerpunktfeldern. Im Mittelpunkt stehen dabei die Herausforderung durch Zukunftstechnologien und die durch die europäische Bildungspolitik wieder stärker in den Fokus gerückte Ausbildung von Facharbeitern sowie die Kompetenzentwicklung verschiedener Zielgruppen der Berufsbildung.

Histoires de mots revient sur la diversité des expériences menées par les historiens et les historiennes dans le champ de l'analyse des données textuelles. Ce retour sur les usages de l'informatique en histoire offre l’occasion d’une mise en perspective des méthodes de recherche mises en place depuis les années 1970 jusqu’au développement de ce que l’on appelle aujourd’hui les « humanités numériques ».C’est aussi l’occasion d’une ouverture à des problématiques plus contemporaines et à des méthodes adaptées à la croissance exponentielle du volume des données textuelles disponibles, qu’elles soient nativement numériques ou issues de la numérisation des sources anciennes.Les études rassemblées dans ce volume conjuguent ainsi cette approche réflexive des textes à une grande variété d’objets historiques, tels que l’histoire des concepts, la mémoire de la Grande Guerre, la rhétorique des pouvoirs ou l’histoire urbaine, en couvrant un spectre chronologique large, du Moyen Âge jusqu’à nos jours. Le lecteur y trouvera en définitive une diversité de méthodes (textométrie, intelligence artificielle, text mining) permettant d’aborder les textes dans une dimension à la fois historique, lexicale et sémantique.

Bien connu des spécialistes de la Renaissance, juriste, traducteur, commentateur de Platon, d’Aristote et de Démosthène notamment, devenu lecteur royal à la fin de sa vie, Loys Le Roy (1510-1578) est aussi l’auteur d’ouvrages en français, dont le texte majeur De la vicissitude ou variété des choses en l’univers (1575). Il s’est intéressé à la politique, qu’il promeut au rang de science à enseigner, et à l’histoire, qui doit être universelle parce qu’elle dépend de principes naturels du changement et de la diversification, sous le regard de la Providence. Le principe du progrès, que la Renaissance actualise dans l’accord équilibré des armes, des techniques et des lettres, prend une ampleur nouvelle. Cet érudit, qui a propagé un humanisme nouveau, influencé l’Italie, a pourtant suscité assez peu d’études critiques.

The book is mainly of interest to researchers in the field of the human microbiome. A lot of new useful knowledge can also be learned from this book by doctors who use scientific achievements for diagnosis and treatment, as well as postgraduate students who participate in research projects on the role of microbiota in pathophysiological processes. This book reflects current data on both methods of studying the microbiota and methods of its correction. Special attention is paid to the role of the microbiota in diseases such as stroke, cancer, autism, allergies, psoriasis, colitis, liver diseases, etc.; the mechanisms of interaction of the microbiota with drugs and natural products are considered. The scientific editors were happy to work on this book and hope that it will be useful to readers.

"In the mid-nineteenth century, when the idea of religion as a private matter connected to the home and the female sphere won acceptance among the bourgeois elite, Christian religious practices began to be associated with femininity and soft values. Contemporary critics claimed that religion was incompatible with true manhood, and today's scholars talk about a feminisation of religion. But was this really the case? What expression did male religious faith take at a time when Christianity was losing its status as the foundation of society? This is the starting point for the research presented in Christian Masculinity.Here we meet Catholic and Protestant men struggling with and for their Christian faith as priests, missionaries, and laymen, as well as ideas and reflections on Christian masculinity in media, fiction, and correspondence of various kinds. Some men engaged in social and missionary work, or strove to harness the masculine combative spirit to Christian ends, while others were eager to show the male character of Christian virtues. This book not only illustrates the importance of religion for the understanding of gender construction, but also the need to take into consideration confessional and institutional aspects of religious identity. "

As computer and space technologies have been developed, geoscience information systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) technologies, which deal with the geospatial information, have been rapidly maturing. Moreover, over the last few decades, machine learning techniques including artificial neural network (ANN), deep learning, decision tree, and support vector machine (SVM) have been successfully applied to geospatial science and engineering research fields. The machine learning techniques have been widely applied to GIS and RS research fields and have recently produced valuable results in the areas of geoscience, environment, natural hazards, and natural resources. This book is a collection representing novel contributions detailing machine learning techniques as applied to geoscience information systems and remote sensing.

Ronald Fisher needed to develop elaborate models of genetic effects in order to set the foundations of Quantitative Genetics in his 1918 paper “The correlation between relatives on the supposition of Mendelian inheritance”. Since then, many significant implementations have been made to model genetic effects. However, at the verge of one century after Fisher’s kick-off, models of genetic effects keep on being discussed and implemented. Indeed, the relatively recent advent of QTL analyses challenged the state of the art of this field by providing researchers the opportunity to obtain and analyze estimates of genetic effects from real data. In this context, the development of this field was not exempt of some polemics, like the debate about the convenience of the functional and the statistical epistasis approaches. This research topic is meant to provide recent developments in models and estimation of genetic effects and to enrich the discussion about how and why models of genetic effects must be further developed and applied. The articles in this Research Topic shall thus extend, refine and/or provide a refresh look at Fisher’s original models of genetic effects and their application to genetic effects estimation and to improve our understanding of evolutionary processes and breeding programs.

L’intelligence artificielle est en train de redéfinir la traduction automatique et le traitement automatique des langues. il est ainsi urgent de mieux en saisir les enjeux sociaux, économiques et éthiques. Ce volume collectif explore la possibilité et les contours d’un nouveau consensus entre les usages humains des langues et la contribution des machines.

This volume explores the new political order with a particular focus on discursive constructions of 'the people' and the category of populism across the spectrum.

The double game of music offers a critical analysis of the complex social dynamics of music education at a time when the power of music to promote inclusion and democratisation is often taken for granted. Inspired by Bourdieu, Foucault, Huizinga and other theorists who have explored the analytical potential of the ‘game’ as a metaphor for social interaction, the book employs the game metaphor to investigate the intricate interplay of social relations in various contexts of musical upbringing. These contexts include parenting, children’s play, leisure activities, talent education, schooling, academia and the music and television industries. Throughout the book, the Norwegian welfare state model of education serves as a salient case to expose the misrecognised and even hidden power dynamics within systems designed to promote equality and social mobility. By examining players’ belief in the games they play, the intertwinement of material and symbolic economies and the relations of specific educational games to the broader field of social power, the authors unravel the mechanisms of power, status and class that determine who gets to play the games of music education, and how. With its rich theoretical insights and nuanced analysis, grounded in empirical examples and drawing extensively on international contributions, The double game of music contributes with a timely reminder that music matters in complex, often contradictory ways. It is not just a book about the social regulation of music education; it’s about the pivotal role music education plays in the ongoing struggle for social justice, equity and cultural understanding.

Like in other European countries, the beginnings of Italian Slavic studies are rooted in the 19th century, but developed mainly after WW1 in connection with the creation of new national states. Different methodologies were applied by Italian scholars in all branches of Slavic studies, but the main guideline may be found in the idea that language and text are always strictly connected and may be best understood if analyzed in reciprocal connection. The study also highlights that Italian scholars (starting with those of the University of Padua, which was the cradle of these studies) always participated in discussions on the most current topics of international Slavic studies. Finally, some research topics missing in Slavic studies in Italy are identified which should be developed further.

Die freie Verfügbarkeit dieser E-Book-Ausgabe auf Basis einer CC BY 4.0-Lizenz wurde ermöglicht durch die ZBW – Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft.

The third volume of the Kieler Studien zur Universitäts- und Wissenschaftsgeschichte (KSUW) is dedicated to the research of the History Department of Kiel University on the occasion of its 150th anniversary. In the sense of a contemporary university history, the volume looks beyond the pure subject discipline and turns to hitherto little-noticed, but never marginal, subject areas. Students, young scholars, and established scholars present their studies on the everyday history of various groups around the History Department: In addition to history professors, the focus is also on those status groups that are often overlooked by established university historiography, such as female academics and secretaries or students. The topic of ›memory‹ and the critical examination of it is reflected in many of the articles.