Open Access Books

En el presente texto se analizan problemas, soluciones y representaciones en torno a los derechos humanos, fruto de investigaciones terminadas. Con relación a los problemas, el capítulo I estudia la concepción individualista de los derechos humanos que dificulta su implementación efectiva, mientras el capítulo II reflexiona acerca del comportamiento del Estado colombiano ante el Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos que impacta negativamente en la garantía de los derechos de las víctimas. Respecto a las soluciones, varios capítulos se ocupan de algunas políticas públicas destinadas a la población víctima del conflicto armado y el desplazamiento forzado interno. Tal es el caso de los capítulos VII y VIII los cuales analizan, respectivamente, las estrategias de intervención psicosocial dirigidas a la promoción y fortalecimiento de la salud mental en población víctima de violencia sociopolítica y las acciones que el Estado colombiano ha desarrollado con el propósito de garantizar los derechos de las personas con discapacidad en el contexto de guerra interna. En cuanto a las representaciones acerca de los derechos humanos y su vulneración, los cuatro capítulos de la segunda sección de esta publicación dan cuenta de las vivencias y las interpretaciones de algunos niños y niñas del Colegio Jorge Soto del Corral de Bogotá acerca del conflicto armado y el desplazamiento forzado interno. Representaciones que son examinadas desde la perspectiva educativa, narrativa, sociojurídica y del patrimonio cultural.

The chapter reconstructs a brief history of online commenting, based on the position comments have to journalistic articles on news websites. Its key assumption is derived from paratext theory: Changes in spatial and temporal proximity of texts in the periphery of a main text––such as comments on the same web page as a journalistic article as compared to posts in a separate forum––indicate controversies over relevance of participants in a public discourse. Studying transformations of online comments is thus considered an access point to studying histories of public spheres. With help of a software the authors and colleagues developed, changes in commenting sections are traced and visualized. These changes are detected in a data sample of archived web pages provided by the Internet Archive.

Analisar relatos orais de professoras de gerações distintas (1938-1985), acerca de suas reações frente às representações impostas socialmente sobre mulheres, constitui o objetivo desta obra. A discussão foi abordada a partir de uma História Cultural das microhistórias presentes em nossa sociedade, a qual possui características patriarcais que entendemos ser fruto da colonização advinda da Europa. A Nova História Cultural e História Oral, permitiram caminhos sobre as subjetividades e representações das mulheres na Docência na Escola Brasileira e aspectos identitários sobre ser mulher e seus caminhos de vida; Ser mulher professora e os arquétipos maternais impostos socialmente à profissão, seus enfrentamentos sociais e seus movimentos, levando-as a constituição de resistência a partir de uma subcultura feminina.

Circulation and imitation of cultural products are key factors in shaping the material world.The contributions explore how technical knowledge, immaterial desires, and political agendas impacted the production and consumption of visual and material culture in different times and places. They map a new a multidirectional market for cultural goods in which the source countries can be positioned at the center.

Corticosteroids are mainly used to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system. Corticosteroids will only be prescribed if the potential benefits of treatment outweigh the risks. They will also be prescribed at the lowest effective dose for the shortest possible time. This book will strive to highlight the importance of corticosteroids, to focus on minimizing side effects, to monitor and sensitize the population on the potential adverse effects of misuse, to provide additional knowledge about the design and development of new drug delivery systems loaded with corticosteroids potentially useful in the treatment of chronic inflammatory-based diseases, and to reduce inflammation and affect the immune system. The major objective of this book will be to present the information in a lucid, condensed, and cohesive form and to specially cater to the needs of readers in medicine and pharmacy.

This open access book presents 12 years of cutting-edge research on additive manufacturing (AM), with a focus on innovative powder- and beam-based techniques. Developed through the Collaborative Research Center 814 at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, it explores the use of laser and electron beams in transforming metal and polymer materials. From advanced strategies for selective laser melting to mesoscopic simulations of beam melting processes, this book offers a deep dive into the science behind AM. Key topics include the development of lightweight composite materials, efficient multi-material manufacturing, and optimal design of multifunctional hybrid components. Readers will also discover pioneering approaches to selective electron beam melting, reactive liquid systems for plastics, and tailored material characterization techniques. In addition, the book explores macroscopic modeling and geometric testing methods, offering new insights into the future of AM technologies. By combining theoretical advancements with practical applications, this volume serves as an essential resource for researchers and professionals in the field of additive manufacturing.

This reprint captures how functional connectivity research is revolutionizing brain science. The featured papers bridge fundamental discovery with tangible applications, uncovering the neural architecture of decision-making, social cognition, and clinical disorders. Integrating methods from electrophysiology to artificial intelligence, the contributions advance beyond correlation toward predictive modeling and mechanistic insight. This collection affirms that mapping brain networks is a foundational tool for progress in healthcare, neurotechnology, and our core understanding of the human mind.

In an age of government imposed austerity, and after 30 years of neoliberal restructuring, the future of the welfare state looks increasingly uncertain. Asbjorn Wahl offers an accessible analysis of the situation across Europe, identifies the most important challenges and presents practical proposals for combating the assault on welfare. Wahl argues that the welfare state should be seen as the result of a class compromise forged in the 20th century, which means that it cannot easily be exported internationally. He considers the enormous shifts in power relations and the profound internal changes to the welfare state which have occurred during the neoliberal era, pointing to the paradigm shift that the welfare state is going through. This is illustrated by the shift from welfare to workfare and increased top down control. As well as being a fascinating study in its own right that will appeal to students of economics and politics, The Rise and Fall of the Welfare State also points to an alternative way forward for the trade union movement based on concrete examples of struggles and alliance-building.

In this Special Issue we gathered ten exemplary papers, each delineating advancements within the spheres of machine learning and deep neural networks. Commencing with a thorough exploration by Figueira and Vaz, readers are introduced to the nuances of synthetic data generation and evaluation, followed closely by Silva and Pedroso's systematic approach to leveraging deep reinforcement learning within the intricate realm of delivery logistics. Kamran et al. contribute an astute methodology for camouflage object segmentation, whereas Pinheiro and collaborators offer a crafted semi-supervised strategy for predicting EGFR mutations via CT images. Subsequent contributions, such as Lee and Yoo's framework for portrait emotion recognition and Balakrishnan et al.'s analytical exploration of transformer models for Twitter disaster detection, further exemplify the depth of research contained herein. Later chapters cover a broad spectrum of themes: Li, Branco, and Zhang investigate house price prediction; Aziz and his team delve into the geo-spatial analysis of hate speech; Nazari, Branco, and Jourdan introduce innovations in GAN training methodologies; and Xie and Lin present CNN models meticulously tailored for ectopic beat classification. In its entirety, this Special Issue represents progressive strides in machine learning and deep neural networks made by distinguished scholars. It offers readers an insightful overview of both the current state-of-the-art methodologies and the burgeoning innovations within this exciting field.

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Das in dieser Open-Access-Publikation vorgestellte Toolbook soll zur Ermutigung und Stärkung von Science-/Society-Projekten beitragen und den weiteren Diskurs stimulieren. Es bietet wissenschaftlich fundierte und zugleich praxisnahe Methoden und Instrumente für die Zusammenarbeit zwischen Expert*innen und Stakeholdern aus Wissenschaft und Praxis zur Bewältigung realer, kontextsensitiver und gesellschaftlicher Herausforderungen. Weiterhin dient es als Leitfaden, um Transferhemmnisse, die im Verlauf der Zusammenarbeit in transdisziplinären Projekten auftreten können, durch verschiedene Methoden und Instrumente erfolgreich zu überwinden.

Starting from the critics’ observations about the structure of Microcosmi, the essay focuses on the key role played by the love story between the protagonist-narrator and his wife Marisa, a sort of rewriting of Orpheus and Eurydice’s myth. Convergences and variations between the classic vulgate of the myth and the pseudo-rewriting of Microcosmi are highlighted. The essay also focuses on the Indian myth of Savitri and Sátiavan, to understand the source of the many substantial variations and, in particular, the reversal of roles between male and female characters. This myth turns out to be a privileged source for the rewritings of the Orpheus’ myth that are offered by Magris in his Microcosmi.

Women’s networks proliferated during the long nineteenth century in the Atlantic World and began spreading globally. Connecting Women features presentations from the second conference of the Intercontinental Cross-Currents Network, “The Dynamics of Power: Inclusion and Exclusion in Women’s Networks during the Long Nineteenth Century,” held in 2016 at the University of Minho in Braga, Portugal. Intercontinental Cross-Currents provides a cooperative platform for researchers from all scholarly disciplines interested in the literal and metaphorical networks created and navigated by women from the European and American continents from 1776 to 1939—the so-called long nineteenth century. Organized by the University’s Institute of Arts and Humanities’ Centre for Humanistic Studies and the Department of English and North American Studies, the conference brought together international participants who investigated mechanisms of inclusion and exclusion within women’s networks forged in Britain, France, Italy, the Philippines, Portugal, and the United States. Connecting Women delves into both literary networks and those with social and political agendas that centered around temperance associations, anti-slavery societies, crime syndicates, suffragism, political organizations, and war relief.

This Element provides an exploration of antinatalism, the view that assigns a negative value to reproduction. It includes the history of Western philosophy, an analysis of the concept of antinatalism, and outlines a normative view defending antinatalism. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

This article explores Kazimiera Iłłakowiczówna’s poem Wyznanie (Admission) in light of the author’s multilingual education and constant movement across national borders. Iłłakowiczówna, who was opposed to nationalism approaches and considered Polish tradition to be of a piece with European culture, translated into Polish several masterpieces from French, English, German, Russian, Romanian, and Hungarian literary traditions. In order to demonstrate the role that different literary traditions and the visual arts played in writings such as Wyznanie, we also investigate Iłłakowiczówna’s paratexts – her memoirs, talks, and letters.