Open Access Books

This voluminous book of 47 chapters offers a good cross section of what is burgeoing in the field of client-centered and experiential psychotherapy on the threshold of the nineties. it does not represent a single vision but gives the floor to the various suborientations: classics Rogerians; client-centered therapists who favor some form of integration or even eclecticism; experiential psychotherapists for whom Gendlin's focusing approach is a precious way of working; client-centered therapists who look at the therapy process in terms of information-processing; existentially oriented therapists... Remarkable is that - for the first time in the history of client-centered/experiential psychotherapy - the European voice rings through forcefully: more than half of the contributions were written by authors from Western Europe. Several chapters contain reflections on the evolution - past, present, and future - of client-centered/experiential psychotherapy. The intensive research into the process, which had a central place in the initial phase of client-centered therapy, is given here ample attention, with several creative studies and proposals for renewal. In numerous contributions efforts are made to build and further develop a theroy of psychopathology, the client's process, the basic attitudes and task-oriented interventions of the therapist. The chapters dealing with clinical practice typically aim at the description of therapy with specific client populations and paricularly severely disturbed clients. And finally a few fields are introduced which are new or barely explored within the client-centered/experiential approach: working with dreams, health psychology, couple and family therapy.

In the unfinished Ideen zur Philosophie der Geschichte der Menschheit (Ideas for the Philosophy of the History of Mankind), Johann Friedrich Herder elaborates his most complete synthesis of a philosophy of the history of the entire human race. In Book XIV, in open conflict with the hagiographic vision established in ancient historiography and widely accepted in the following centuries, the author proposes an original reconstruction of the ancient history of Rome, identified as an unparalleled and unrepeatable model of empire; a model of political organisation at all times hostile to peaceful and just coexistence between peoples. Herder's reflections, focused on themes that are still at the centre of historiographical debate today, anticipate judgements taken up and explored in depth by important thinkers in the first half of the 20th century.

The laser has become more and more important in scientific research and industrial applications. Now, the laser wavelength can cover the range from ultraviolet to terahertz and output laser performance has significantly progressed in recent years. This book is focused on the advanced diode laser, fiber laser, and their applications in laser ablation, laser-introduced fluorescence, and laser treatment. The advantages of laser technology are shown comprehensively.

In this book, we aim to address the ever-advancing progress in microelectronic device scaling. Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) devices continue to endure miniaturization, irrespective of the seeming physical limitations, helped by advancing fabrication techniques. We observe that miniaturization does not always refer to the latest technology node for digital transistors. Rather, by applying novel materials and device geometries, a significant reduction in the size of microelectronic devices for a broad set of applications can be achieved. The achievements made in the scaling of devices for applications beyond digital logic (e.g., high power, optoelectronics, and sensors) are taking the forefront in microelectronic miniaturization. Furthermore, all these achievements are assisted by improvements in the simulation and modeling of the involved materials and device structures. In particular, process and device technology computer-aided design (TCAD) has become indispensable in the design cycle of novel devices and technologies. It is our sincere hope that the results provided in this Special Issue prove useful to scientists and engineers who find themselves at the forefront of this rapidly evolving and broadening field. Now, more than ever, it is essential to look for solutions to find the next disrupting technologies which will allow for transistor miniaturization well beyond silicon’s physical limits and the current state-of-the-art. This requires a broad attack, including studies of novel and innovative designs as well as emerging materials which are becoming more application-specific than ever before.

The two most recent EU enlargements in May 2004 and in January 2007 have greatly increased the diversity of historic experiences and contemporary conceptions of statehood, nation-building and citizenship within the Union. How did newly formed states determine who would become their citizens? How do countries relate to their large emigrant communities, to ethnic kin minorities in neighbouring countries and to minorities in their own territory? And to which extent have their citizenship policies been affected by new immigration and integration into the European Union? Citizenship Policies in the New Europe describes the citizenship laws in each of the twelve new countries as well as in the accession states Croatia and Turkey and analyses their historical background. Citizenship Policies in the New Europe complements two volumes on Acquisition and Loss of Nationality in the fifteen old Member States published in the same series in 2006. This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org.

This book provides a truly comprehensive analysis of the 2013 federal election in Australia, which brought the conservative Abbott government to power, consigned the fractious Labor Party to the Opposition benches and ended the ‘hung parliament’ experiment of 2010–13 in which the Greens and three independents lent their support to form a minority Labor government.

Indonesia

Chronic kidney disease is an increasing health and economical problem in our world. Obesity and diabetes mellitus, the two most common cause of CKD, are becoming epidemic in our societies. Education on healthy lifestyle and diet is becoming more and more important for reducing the number of type 2 diabetics and patients with hypertension. Education of our patients is also crucial for successful maintenance therapy. There are, however, certain other factors leading to CKD, for instance the genetic predisposition in the case of polycystic kidney disease or type 1 diabetes, where education alone is not enough.

The English occupiers of France in the late phase of the Hundred Years War based their claims to the French crown not only on military conquest but also took great pains to depict it visually. The study examines the media for the visual depiction of political ideas and shows the major motivations and traditions in this effort and their intended audience.

Studying organisms as a whole for potential metabolic(ally) engineering of organisms for production of (bio)chemicals is essential for industrial biotechnology. To this end, integrative analysis of different –omics measurements (transciptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, fluxomics) provides invaluable information. Combination of experimental top-down and bottom-up approaches with powerful analytical tools/techniques and mathematical modeling, namely (quantitative) systems biology, currently making the state of art of this discipline, is the only practice that would improve our understanding for the purpose. The use of high-throughput technologies induced the required development of many bioinformatics tools and mathematical methods for the integration of obtained data. Such research is significant since compiling information from different levels of a living system and connecting them is not an easy task. In particular, construction of dynamic models for product improvement has been one of the goals of many research groups. In this Research Topic, we summarize and bring a general review of the most recent and relevant contributions in quantitative systems biology applied in metabolic modeling perspective. We want to make special emphasis on the techniques that can be widely implemented in regular scientific laboratories and in those works that include theoretical presentations. With this Research Topic we discuss the importance of applying systems biology approaches for finding metabolic engineering targets for the efficient production of the desired biochemical integrating information from genomes and networks to industrial production. Examples and perspectives in the design of new industrially relevant chemicals, e.g. increased titer/productivity/yield of (bio)chemicals, are welcome. Addition to the founded examples, potential new techniques that would frontier the research will be part of this topic. The significance of multi ‘omics’ approaches to understand/uncover the pathogenesis/mechanisms of metabolic diseases is also one of the main topics.

Juger les tableaux – évaluer leur qualité, estimer leur prix – relève de nos jours d’une expertise spécifique, aux mains d’acteurs vers lesquels se tournent les salles de ventes, les musées ou les propriétaires de collections. Mais cela n’a pas toujours été le cas. À Rome, au XVIIe siècle, cette compétence fait en effet l’objet d'une farouche concurrence entre différents groupes qui s’affrontent notamment en vue d’accéder au statut de conseiller à la cour des grands collectionneurs. Alors qu’émerge progressivement un marché des tableaux et que la circulation des œuvres s’amplifie, savoir estimer leur valeur devient une qualité essentielle. Si l’évaluation du prix est traditionnellement un rôle dévolu aux peintres, qui s’estiment les uns les autres au sein de leur corporation, l’émergence de critères commerciaux nouveaux tend à saper l’autorité de la profession en matière de jugement.Cet ouvrage s’intéresse au processus de captation de cette expertise, qui se détache du savoir-faire des peintres au profit de courtisans spécialisés dans le conseil en matière de peinture. À la croisée de l’histoire, de l’histoire de l’art et de la littérature, il vient analyser, à travers l’exemple romain, la manière dont le jugement artistique s’est formalisé dans l’histoire en s'éloignant de la pratique pour reconfigurer les critères de valeur et d’appréciation des œuvres d’art.

Une nouvelle médiathèque tournée vers l’innovation et l’inclusion sociale ouvre ses portes. La fréquentation est au rendez-vous mais les situations d’accueil souvent difficiles. Suite à des faits de violence, elle est contrainte de fermer. Lorsqu’elle rouvre quelques semaines plus tard, la sérénité est revenue, durablement. Une recherche-intervention, conduite pendant deux ans par une psychosociologue spécialiste des jeunes et des questions urbaines a été un facteur décisif pour traverser la crise. Initiée pour analyser le rôle social de la médiathèque 3ème lieu, ses fonctions et ses limites, dans un contexte de forte mixité sociale, elle s’est prolongée par un collectif de réflexion, formé de deux chercheurs, Joëlle Bordet, psychosociologue et Christophe Evans, sociologue (Bpi), ainsi que de trois bibliothécaires, Hélène Beunon (ABF), Marion Moulin et Raphaële Gilbert. Ce livre est une invitation à continuer à penser à la médiathèque pendant la crise mais aussi à repenser la médiathèque à travers la crise. Comment inventer une nouvelle approche lorsqu’une situation difficile nous porte plutôt vers la sidération ? Comment accepter l’irruption du réel dans nos idéaux sans pour autant renoncer à notre horizon démocratique ? Le processus de traversée de la crise qui est présenté ici a conduit, bien au-delà d’une résolution des difficultés, à porter un nouveau regard sur la médiathèque, ses missions, son lien au territoire et aux partenaires, ses modalités d’accueil, le modèle du 3ème lieu qui l’avait inspirée.

"This book is inspired by the University of the South Pacific, the leading institution of higher education in the Pacific Islands region. Founded in 1968, USP has expanded the intellectual horizons of generations of students from its 12 member countries—Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, Niue, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu and Vanuatu—and been responsible for the formation of a regional elite of educated Pacific Islanders who can be found in key positions in government and commerce across the region. At the same time, this book celebrates the collaboration of USP with The Australian National University in research, doctoral training, teaching and joint activities. Twelve of our 19 contributors gained their doctorates at ANU, most of them before or after being students and/or teaching staff at USP, and the remaining five embody the cross-fertilisation in teaching, research and consultancy of the two institutions. The contributions to this collection, with a few exceptions, are republications of key articles on the Pacific Islands by scholars with extensive experience and knowledge of the region."

This is a good book on upcoming areas of Ecotoxicology. The first chapter describes genotoxicity of heavy metals in plants. The second chapter offer views on chromatographic methodologies for the estimation of mycotoxin. Chapter three is on effects of xenobiotics on benthic assemblages in different habitats of Australia. Laboratory findings of genotoxins on small mammals are presented in chapter four. The fifth chapter describes bioindicators of soil quality and assessment of pesticides used in chemical seed treatments. European regulation REACH in marine ecotoxicology is described in chapter six. X-ray spectroscopic analysis for trace metal in invertebrates is presented in chapter seven. The last chapter is on alternative animal model for toxicity testing. In conclusion, this book is an excellent and well organized collection of up dated information on Ecotoxicology. The data presented in it might be a good starting point to develop research in the field of ECOTOXICOLOGY.

Are unilateral economic sanctions legal under public international law? How do they relate to the existing international legal principles and norms? Can unilateral economic sanctions imposed to redress grave human rights violations be subjected to the same legal contestations as other unilateral sanctions? What potential contribution can the recently formulated doctrine of Common Concern of Humankind make by introducing substantive and procedural prerequisites to legitimise unilateral human rights sanctions? Unilateral Sanctions in International Law and the Enforcement of Human Rights by Iryna Bogdanova addresses these complex questions while taking account of the burgeoning state practice of employing unilateral economic sanctions.