Open Access Books

The Routledge Handbook of Information History offers a definitive, inclusive, and far-reaching study of how information practices have influenced—and have been influenced by—society, politics, culture, and technology over millennia. Information is often considered a defining characteristic of modern society, but it is far from a modern phenomenon. In the last decades, historians have started to ask new questions about how information was understood in the past, suggesting that it has a history which is long, complex, and multifaceted. This influential volume is the first large-scale collection to use the term Information History as its titular focus, situating ""information"" within the historiography of the field.The boo showcases a diverse assembly of over forty international contributors who explore information practices from antiquity to the contemporary world, with geographical coverage ranging accoss Europe, Africa, Asia, as well as North and South America. Including overview chapters alongside a wide range of in-depth empirical studies, this ground-breaking collection will appeal to scholars and students across the arts, humanities, and social sciences, offering readers unique insights into how historical practices have influenced the understanding and role of information in our modern world.

The Asian Yearbook of International Law is a major refereed publication dedicated to international law issues as seen primarily from an Asian perspective. Readership: Academics and practitioners who deal with international public law in Asia will appreciate this unique, complete resource. The Asian Yearbook of International Law provides insight into Asian views and practices, especially for non-Asian readers, and also promotes the dissemination of knowledge of international law in Asia.

"Paradise Overseas" presents a tour around the main themes of Dutch Caribbean history and its contemporary legacies. Drawing on wide expertise in Caribbean and Latin American studies, Gert Oostindie strongly posits a refreshing analysis of the Dutch Caribbean in a comparative framework which will be of interest to historians, anthropologists and political scientists alike. Rather than aiming at a comprehensive narrative, he offers a thematic discussion of topics such as the contrasts between Dutch colonization in the Americas and Asia; African slavery, Asian indentured labour and the shaping of plural societies in the Dutch Caribbean; the major contrasts between and within the six Antillean islands and Suriname; the different trajectories of decolonisation and their subsequent costs and benefits; and the changing significance of ethnicity and national identity both in the Dutch Caribbean and its diaspora.

As the coldest, windiest, driest, and highest continent in the world, it is no wonder that Antarctica has been painted as exceptional in geographic and climatic terms. But not only that, Antarctica is also seen as politically exceptional. Since the Antarctic Treaty came into force in 1961, the continent has been under the Joint Guardianship of a group of states that have kept peace and privileged science as the main activity, ‘freezing' sovereign claims and focusing on the protection rather than the exploitation of nature. For scientists, Antarctica is the largest open-air laboratory in the world. This book proposes that Antarctica should also be seen as a laboratory for territorial governance, providing inspiration in places where both the regime of Permanent Sovereignty over Natural Resources of individual states and the international regime of Common Heritage of Mankind have proven insufficient and inadequate. At the same time, it shows that Antarctic governance can be made less state-centric and less anthropocentric by incorporating the political representation of nature in decision-making processes that affect the continent. To successfully protect Antarctica, the author claims moreover that action must be taken beyond it: governing Antarctica requires governing the world, and vice versa. Given the twin crises of climate change and biodiversity loss and the growing challenges to international law and cooperation, environmental governance around the world can—and should—benefit from the creative and often unexpectedly fruitful Antarctic political imagination.

The volume offers a portrait of Sergio Caruso as scholar, philosopher, and intellectual, and reflects on his academic and cultural experience. The plurality of essays collected in the book takes on a fundamental concept very dear to him: citizenship. Caruso, at the peak of his maturity, dedicated pages of great importance to it (which the book proposes and discusses) showing, «how this notion – originally an exclusively juridical concept – has acquired increasing importance in the social sciences and in political theory» as no longer and not only a «static set of rights and duties linked to the belonging of the subject to the political community» but a «bundle of social functions» and an «emerging collective force»: therefore a lever for new demands for ‘democracy’.

El abordar la labor investigativa desde la perspectiva de lo dialógico como una acción verdaderamente humana, es decir, desde las realidades e interacciones comunicativas de los grupos humanos sustentada en la doble reflexividad, no ha sido una tarea fácil. Sin embargo, ha permitido que los acercamientos hayan sido enriquecedores tanto para el investigador y sus grupos de apoyo, como para las mismas comunidades como co-artffices de todo este proceso. En este libro se presentan, a manera de cumplimientos no conclusivos, las pretensiones suscitadas durante los espacios enriquecedores y los tiempos prolongados convivenciales a los que, desde la realidad experimentada en las comunidades de Bunkwimake, Gotsezhi y Mulkwakungui, se han denominado como estancias dialógicas, reconociendo en su constructo las luchas y procesos de reivindicación como apuesta por una vida digna para sus propias comunidades, evidenciándose de un modo específico la necesidad cada vez más de trabajar por una educación que esté sustentada en la localidad y abierta a los desafíos de las relaciones interculturales en las cuales los individuos y sus colectivos viven complejas adversidades de índole social, política, cultural y económica desde las cuales recrean sus procesos de construcción de saberes y conocimientos desde sus propias y particulares realidades vivenciadas. Plantear la educación desde un abordaje situado frente a las demandas y expectativas de las comunidades indígenas, es responder de algún modo a su plan de vida, lo cual no puede ser entendido como un final alcanzado, sino un camino recorrido que abre espacios a la discusión amplia, sincera y respetuosa en torno a la educación en contextos culturalmente diversos, colmados de saberes con formas y estilos particulares de ejercitar la pedagogía y la enseñanza en sus contextos con contenidos acorde con su legado cultural. Si bien es cierto que los asuntos de la educación intercultural no son algo novedoso para el siglo XXl, sí implica el poder vivenciarla desde sus propias realidades, desde su modo de vida social comunitaria, reconocerla y valorarla desde su propia cosmovisión, la cual orienta y dirige el pensamiento de los pueblos y todos los ciclos de la vida, es decir, conocerla, entenderla y valorarla desde los principios espirituales que orientan el quehacer cotidiano, su filosofía de la vida y de la naturaleza, expresada en su visión particular de mundo, dado que los procesos de educación al interior de las comunidades indígenas son muy particulares, tantos cuantas son las particularidades de cada población, dado que surgen de los modos, contenidos y formas experienciales con que el grupo social construye y recrea lo que se puede denominar como pedagogías familiares y comunitarias mediadas por la cotidianidad.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis, which represents a substantial economic burden for society and significantly affects patients’ quality of life. Current conventional treatments of OA may be insufficiently effective and unsafe. In an attempt to overcome these limitations, many patients use herbal medicinal products (HMPs) and dietary supplements. A considerable number of herbal drugs and preparations (e.g., willow bark, Salicis cortex; devil’s claw root, Harpagophyti radix; blackcurrant leaf, Ribis nigri folium; nettle leaf/herb, Urticae folium/herba; meadowsweet/meadowsweet flower, Filipendulae ulmariae herba/flos; rosemary leaf/oil, Rosmarini folium/aetheroleum; and juniper oil, Juniperi aetheroleum) are traditionally employed to relieve minor articular pain. Active constituents (e.g., sesquiterpene lactones, triterpenic acids, diarylheptanoids, iridoid glycosides, phenolic glycosides, procyanidins, and alkaloids) are not often fully known. Experimental studies suggest that herbal extracts/compounds are able to suppress inflammation, inhibit catabolic processes, and stimulate anabolic processes relevant to OA. Therapeutic benefit of most HMPs is expected solely from the experience of their long-standing traditional use. Efficacy and safety of several HMPs were assessed in clinical trials. The growing body of preclinical and clinical evidence provides rationale for the use of herbal products in the treatment of OA. However, at present, they cannot be recommended to patients with confidence.

Die Kindheitsgeschichte boomt: Das einstmals marginalisierte und belächelte Forschungsfeld etabliert sich zunehmend als fester Bestandteil der Geschichtswissenschaft. Als Einführungs- und Nachschlagewerk stellt das Handbuch die wichtigsten Forschungsfelder, Themen, Debatten und Kontroversen vor und wendet sich dabei an Wissenschaftler*innen ebenso wie an Studierende. Die Beitragenden beschäftigen sich dabei insbesondere mit der Konturierung geschichtswissenschaftlicher Perspektiven in einem interdisziplinär geprägten Feld – immer mit einem Fokus auf die deutschsprachige und europäische Forschung.

This report aims to assist the Air Force in its continued efforts to combat sexual assault perpetration within its ranks by examining the existing empirical literature on adult perpetrators who commit sexual assault against other adults, with a particular focus on research published in 2000 or later. The literature search focused on the current state of scientific knowledge and was not limited to studies focusing on military populations.

Exploring the everyday experiences of workers from India who have migrated to Bahrain, this study contributes significantly to our understanding of politics and society among the Persian Gulf states and of the migrant labor phenomenon that is an increasingly important aspect of globalization. "Andrew M. Gardner expertly combines in-depth ethnography with theoretical sophistication in this important look at the complex linkages between labor, migration, globalization, and the structural violence that accompanies the new world economic order. Gardner follows the labyrinthine paths of migrant workers in the Gulf, drawing on powerful qualitative data to complicate existing assumptions about the lives of skilled and unskilled workers in the Middle East's fastest growing region. Beautifully written and compelling, the book sheds light on a population and area of the world that remains understudied despite its rapid emergence onto the global market."—Pardis Mahdavi, Pomona College

This volume provides an interdisciplinary, multifaceted view of a key period of the making and remaking of the European artistic, cultural and political landscape at the turn from the eighteenth to the nineteenth century. It focus on the relationships between Lisbon and Turin as a prime analyzer of the main forms of sociability and circulation of objects, knowledge, tastes, styles of government and public policies upon which a new European geopolitical panorama was erected, extending as well to the overseas territories. The variety of approaches deployed in the volume are unified by a broad notion of cultural history which includes on an equal footing the visual and the scientific, the material and the political culture. The studies in this volume underline the crucial importance of the transfer of tastes and habitus, and the associated emergence of new forms of sensibility, in shaping the transition from Enlightenment to the Post-Napoleonic Europe.

This reprint emerges as a beacon guiding researchers, scientists, and medical professionals through uncharted territories. In this volume, we delve deep into the intricate world of immunization, where the fusion of bioinformatics and network medicine reshapes our understanding of vaccines' efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity.

Georg Freiherr von Werthern war von 1867 bis 1888 preußischer Gesandter in München, hatte also den bedeutendsten innerdeutschen Diplomatenposten inne. Er war von Bismarck zwar für höhere Posten bestimmt – Wien, Konstantinopel, sogar für das Staatssekretariat des Auswärtigen –, lehnte jedoch aus privaten Gründen ab, vor allem aber, weil ihm das angenehme gesellschaftliche Leben in der bayerischen Hauptstadt gefiel, wo er mit den Malern Kaulbach und Lenbach, mit dem Historiker Ranke und anderen verkehrte. Die Quellen umfassen Auszüge aus seinem Tagebuch und seine vertraulichen und geheimen Berichte an Bismarck. Sie bieten u.a. bisher unbekannte Einzelheiten über die Haltung des bayerischen Königs, Ludwig II., zur deutschen Reichseinigung, über diverse Audienzen bei ihm und über dessen Tod am 13. Juni 1886 im Starnberger See. Die Quellen über die Todesumstände ergeben den klaren Indizienbeweis, dass der König seinen ihn begleitenden »Irrenarzt«, Dr. Gudden, erwürgt hat und selbst an einem Herzschlag gestorben sein dürfte.

Earth sciences

This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 License. It is free to read, download and share on Elgaronline.com. This insightful book examines the public value aspects of Non-Western Public Administration (NWPA) and establishes the presence of Islamic Public Administration in NWPA. It investigates how Islamic institutions across state, local, and community levels collaborate to meet societal needs, foster inclusion, and enhance public value. Renowned experts propose faith-based perspectives to the field of public value and present diverse research into the relationship between religion and public administration.