Humanities & Social Sciences

In semiconductor manufacturing, understanding how various materials behave and interact is critical to making a reliable and robust semiconductor package. Semiconductor Packaging: Materials Interaction and Reliability provides a fundamental understanding of the underlying physical properties of the materials used in a semiconductor package. By tying together the disparate elements essential to a semiconductor package, the authors show how all the parts fit and work together to provide durable protection for the integrated circuit chip within as well as a means for the chip to communicate with the outside world. The text also covers packaging materials for MEMS, solar technology, and LEDs and explores future trends in semiconductor packages.

Grenville Goodwin was one of the leading field anthropologists during a crucial period in American Indian research—the 1930s. His letters from the field provide original source material on Western Apache beliefs and customs. They also reveal the attitudes and methods which made him so effective in his work. A dedicated and thorough ethnographer, Goodwin became familiar with every aspect of Western Apache culture. During this same period, Morris Opler was studying the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache in New Mexico. In order to exchange information about their studies, Goodwin and Opler began corresponding. Both men were convinced that a long-overdue, systematic comparison of Apachean cultures would yield significant results.

Îlots de vie surgissant au milieu de l’aridité du désert, les oasis sahariennes abritent depuis des siècles un habitat aux formes éprouvées. Cette adaptation matérielle et spirituelle aux contraintes climatiques du désert est aujourd’hui mise à mal par des politiques de rationalisation et de modernisation inspirées des modèles occidentaux. L’oasis se voit ainsi réduite à un potentiel agricole à exploiter ou à un décor touristique à valoriser, au détriment de sa richesse architecturale et de la pratique quotidienne de ses habitants. S’inscrivant en faux contre cette évolution, Résonances oasiennes propose une approche sensible de ces territoires pour mieux en révéler et défendre la singularité. Issu d’un processus collaboratif original autour des ambiances sonores, cet ouvrage invite le lecteur à s’imprégner de l’atmosphère des oasis à travers une analyse vivante de leur patrimoine bâti et des modes de vie de leurs habitants. Il souligne ainsi la nécessité de promouvoir l’architecture vernaculaire et la culture qui l’a développée afin d’affronter les défis économique, démographique et climatique auxquels ces espaces sont aujourd’hui soumis.

This open access book presents original research on effective and equitable teacher practice in mathematics and science education across Nordic countries. It focuses on three key aspects of teacher practice: what teachers teach, how teachers teach, and how teachers assess their students. To provide a comprehensive understanding of teacher practice, data from the IEA’s Trends in Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) from 2011 to 2019 was analyzed. TIMSS provides large-scale and representative data, allowing an in-depth investigation of the relations between teachers, their practices, and student outcomes. The findings highlight the changes in teacher practice over time and the extent to which such changes explain the differences in student outcomes. This research also contributes to understanding how the relationships between teacher practice and student outcomes vary across different student groups (i.e., gender, socioeconomic status, and language background). The empirical evidence presented not only adds a significant layer to the academic discourse but also offers practical implications. These insights are crucial in facilitating educational policymaking and classroom practices aimed at improving student outcomes and closing gaps in educational inequality.

Was hält die Gesellschaft wie unsichtbarer Zement zusammen? Cornelius Castoriadis' (1922-1997) Begriff des »Imaginären« gibt eine differenzierte Antwort. Nicola Condoleos Untersuchung klärt systematisch die mit dem Imaginären verbundenen Kernbegriffe wie Entfremdung, Autonomie und Anerkennung, die bisher zu wenig Beachtung fanden. Das staatliche Gewaltmonopol wird von verschiedenen Seiten beschrieben und analysiert, um den imaginären Anteil in dieser Diskussion beispielhaft zu erläutern. Die Studie denkt nicht nur grundlegende Aspekte der Sozialtheorie neu, sondern kann auch als Einführung in die Philosophie von Castoriadis gelesen werden.

Most people get information about child sexual abuse from media coverage, social movements, or conversations with family and friends. Confronting Child Sexual Abuse describes how these forces shape our views of victims and offenders, while also providing an in-depth look at prevention efforts and current research. Sociologist Anne Nurse has synthesized studies spanning the fields of psychology, sociology, communications, criminology, and political science to produce this nuanced, accessible, and up-to-date account. Topics include the prevalence of abuse, the impact of abuse on victims and families, offender characteristics, abuse in institutions, and the efficacy of treatments. Written for people who care for kids, for students considering careers in criminal justice or human services, and for anyone seeking information about this devastating issue, Nurse’s book offers new public policy ideas as well as practical suggestions on how to engage in prevention work. Interactive links to studies, videos, and podcasts connect readers to further resources.

The catalog of the exhibition Eighty Years Since the Allied Bombings on Padua (1943–1945), promoted by the Center for the History of the Resistance and Contemporary Age at the University of Padua (Casrec), presents the exhibition pathway and the photographic-documentary materials from the Casrec Archive and the important photographic collection of Sergio Nave. The catalog is preceded by six introductory essays that explore the forms of monument protection and air-raid shelters; aerial surveys before and after the bombings; the most significant bombings that occurred in December 1943 and March 1944; the effects of the bombings on the Arcella district, one of the hardest hit; and finally, the commemorations of the victims during and after the war. The catalog was produced as part of the University of Padua’s 2023 “Third Mission Project.”

This work is a theological analysis and interpretation of the Great Canon of St Andrew of Crete. The hermeneutic method used in the monograph consists in a comprehensive examination of key Greek concepts and phrases occurring in the analysed hymn in various contexts in which they occur, and on this basis creating a theological-existential synthesis. This method is based on the search for the spiritual and existential meaning of the most important terms and thus refers to the essential assumptions of patristic allegorical exegesis. The hermeneutic analysis of the content of the Great Canon in conjunction with the contextual analysis of the vocabulary used in it was considered the most appropriate, since it is the work of St Andrew of Crete can be compared to a poetic carpet woven from phrases from the Old and New Testament, which are combined with existential confessions and spiritual indications, expressed in Eastern Orthodox hesychastic terms.

This volume makes available in English translation a selection of Jacques Jouanna's papers on Greek and Roman medicine, ranging from the early beginnings of Greek medicine to late antiquity. Readership: Classicists, Ancient Historians, Historians of Medicine, Historians of Science, Historians of Philosophy, Medical Professionals.

Unter welchen historischen Bedingungen und mit welchen Auswirkungen wurde der Computer zum Bestandteil des Wohnalltags? Und wie verhält es sich dabei mit Praktiken des Wohnens und Wohnungseinrichtens? Die Beiträger*innen werfen einen Blick auf die Computerisierung des Zuhauses und zeigen, wie sie sich vollzieht. Der Fokus ihrer Analysen liegt einerseits darauf, wie Arbeit und Assistenz das Wohnen im Hinblick auf den Computer prägen. Andererseits denken sie den Computer aus der Perspektive der Wohnumgebungen neu und geben so einen kompakten medienhistorischen Überblick über den Beginn des Smart Homes.

This open access book studies how foreign models of economic development can be effectively learned by and applied to today’s latecomer countries. Policy capacity and societal learning are increasingly stressed as pre-conditions for successful catch-up. However, how such learning should be initiated by individual societies with different features needs to be explained. The book answers this pragmatic question from the perspective of Japan’s past experience and its extensive development cooperation in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Since the late nineteenth century, Japan has developed a unique philosophy and method for adopting advanced technologies and systems from the West; the same philosophy and method govern its current cooperation with the developing world. The key concepts are local learning and translative adaptation. Local learning says that development requires the learner to adopt a proactive mindset and the goal of graduating from receiving aid. Meanwhile, translative adaptation requires foreign models be modified to fit local realities given the different structures of the home and foreign society. The development process must be wholly owned by the domestic society in rejection of copy-and-paste acceptance. These ideas not only informed Japan but are key to successful development for all. The book also asks how this learning method should—or should not—be revised in the age of SDGs and digitalization. Following the overview section that lays out the general principles, the book offers many real cases from Japan and other countries. The concrete actions outlined in these cases, with close attention to individual growth “ingredients” as opposed to general theories, are crucial to successful policy making. The book contains materials that are highly useful for national leaders and practitioners within developing countries as well as students of development studies.

This is an age of crisis: economic, political, environmental, and social. Yet the nature of contemporary crisis is often misunderstood. Crisis, rather than being accidental or episodic – as is too often assumed – has been a regular feature of state practice in the neoliberal austerity regimes of contemporary capitalism. In this timely work Jeff Shantz gives special attention to the particular manufactured crises associated with austerity regimes and conditions of precarity within contemporary capitalism, and how Crisis States differ from other forms of state practice. Crisis is a powerful weapon of states and capital in the pursuit of accumulation, exploitation, and control. Engaging insights from anarchism and autonomous Marxism, Shantz lays bare the real nature and character of crisis as political and social pursuits of state and capital under precarious capitalism. Attention is also given to social resistance under crisis state conditions. Contemporary capitalism renders the oppressed and exploited precarious at the same time as opportunities are opened to render the system itself precarious. Understanding Crisis States and precarious capitalism is crucial in considering prospects for resistance.

Cet ouvrage offre une analyse juridique approfondie des interactions entre la religion et le travail. Après une première partie théorique posant le cadre interdisciplinaire de la problématique, la deuxième aborde les règles régissant les rapports entre la religion et le travail, présentées de façon chronologique et dans une perspective pratique par l'étude de la casuistique. Dans la troisième partie, l’auteur propose, dans une optique comparatiste avec le droit canadien et par une prospective dans l’entreprise de demain, de repenser la religion au travail. Il conclut en plaidant pour un dialogue et une participation renforcés au sein de l’entreprise pour mieux concilier liberté religieuse et nécessité de règles communes dans les rapports de travail.

Die Entwicklung moderner Hubkolbenmotoren zielt auf die Reduktion der Emissionen und die Erhöhung der spezifischen Leistung ab. In diesem Rahmen hat die Abgasrückführung einen besonderen Stellenwert erhalten. Die Abgasturboaufladung in Verbindung mit einer zweiflutige asymmetrische Turbine ermöglicht die Kombination aus einem optimalen Ladungswechsel und der Abgasrückführung. Im Rahmen der vorgestellten Studie wird das Verständnis für die Strömungsphänomene einer zweiflutigen asymmetrischen Radialturbine vertieft. Die notwendigen aerodynamischen und thermodynamischen Messungen zur Beschreibung des Betriebsverhaltens der zweiflutigen Turbine werden im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit durchgeführt. Aus den Ergebnissen von Versuch und dreidimensionaler numerischer Strömungssimulation wird ein Modell der zweiflutigen Turbine für die Ladungswechselsimulation entwickelt und mit Ergebnissen aus Motorversuchen validiert. Die auf Kennfeldern beruhende Beschreibung der Turbine bei der Ladungswechselsimulation eines Abgasturbolader-aufgeladenen Motors wird merklich verbessert. Zum Verständnis der Interaktion von Motor und Turbine wird das Interaktionskennfeld eingeführt und ein Ansatz zur betriebspunktorientierten Auslegung und Optimierung einer zweiflutigen Turbine vorgestellt. Basierend auf diesem Verständnis wird eine Methode entwickelt, die das Zusammenspiel der Turbine mit der Verbrennungskraftmaschine verlässlich und mit geringem Zeitaufwand vorhersagen kann.

This important volume presents seven case studies of global value chains alongside two theoretical chapters concerning these chains. The contributors explore a wide range of issues relevant to value chains: the impact of global value chains on local upgrading strategies, the role of governance structures shaping global value chains, the role of buyers in creating, monitoring and enforcing commodity specifications and of international standards in shaping the patterns of chain governance. They also consider the role of donors, governmental organisations, and civil society in influencing value chains and the importance of partnerships as mechanisms for value chain upgrading. This carefully researched work is essential reading to scholars and students of the rapidly changing global economic order.