Humanities & Social Sciences

In the current media landscape, digital devices seem to undermine traditional learning and reading practices. Overwhelmed by cognitive overload and a flood of information stimuli, constantly busy scrolling through touch screens, today's readers often show a "distracted", hasty and “impatient” approach; they skim-read through text without in-depth comprehension, thus risking to miss out on the full understanding of meanings. Following the increased diffusion of digital reading, both inside and outside of schools, researchers are called upon to evaluate its strengths and weaknesses, prerogatives and risks. Do the new reading modalities restructure our cognitive habits and our thinking? Is it better to read on paper or through digital texts? Does online reading require new competencies and skills? How can we teach students to read “critically” on the screen? These are just some of the questions which this volume will try to answer, benefiting from the contribution of various branches of knowledge ranging from pedagogy to media studies, from cognitive psychology to neuroscience; standing in between the two opposing views of the "myth of superficiality" and the "myth of depth", and avoiding both uncritical optimism regarding the present and nostalgic idealization of a past forever lost.

L’Afrique est à la fois le berceau de l’humanité et le continent le plus jeune sur le plan démographique. Son avenir passionnant repose sur les talents et l’innovation de sa jeunesse, soutenus par des institutions indépendantes, telles que le Forum des administrations fiscales africaines, et l’utilisation efficace des ressources du continent. Dans ce livre, des voix africaines explorent l’évolution de l’ATAF, son impact sur l’efficacité de la fiscalité et son rôle dans l’amélioration de la vie des citoyens africains. Elles décrivent les idées qui animent les hommes et femmes de l’ATAF dans le renforcement de la coopération et la réponse aux contraintes à travers le continent, et alimentent le rôle mondial de l’ATAF dans l’établissement de normes en matière de fiscalité. Ce récit est non seulement porteur d’espoir, mais offre également la perspective d’un avenir meilleur pour l’Afrique, tant au niveau fiscal qu’au-delà.La force de l’ATAF réside, à l’instar du continent lui-même, dans ses hommes et femmes. Cette publication raconte leurs histoires... elle est le son de nombreuses voix africaines. Dr Aboubakar Nacanabo, ministre de l’Économie, des Finances et de la Prospective, Burkina Faso Ce livre rend hommage à une organisation très respectée, courageuse et fièrement africaine, et donne un aperçu de son parcours. L’ATAF est connue et appréciée pour sa vision, sa passion, sa détermination et son intégrité. Sous la direction inspirée de Logan Wort, l’ATAF s’est assuré la place qui lui revient à la table des discussions internationales sur la fiscalité et la politique, ce qui n’est pas une mince affaire. Ce livre est une oeuvre d’amour et une très bonne lecture. Lazelle Terblanche, responsable de la fiscalité de MultiChoice Group et présidente de Africa Industry Tax Association (AITA) ...à travers cette publication passionnante, Richard Parry et Lincoln Marais ont illustré l’impact transformateur de l’ATAF sur la mobilisation des ressources intérieures. Sous la direction visionnaire de Logan Wort, l’ATAF a contribué à donner aux nations africaines les moyens de redéfinir leur rôle en tant qu’architectes de leur propre développement économique, sans dépendre uniquement de l’aide extérieur. Alvin Mosioma, directeur associé - Prospérité économique et climatique, Open Society Foundations. L’Afrique est le continent des récits. Les histoires racontées ici nous rappellent qui nous sommes et nous donnent le pouvoir de changer l’avenir. Logan Wort, Secrétaire exécutif de l’ATAF

Sinds de Middeleeuwen heeft de universiteit vele veranderingen succesvol doorstaan. Maar het hele landschap van het hoger onderwijs is de afgelopen decennia zo snel en ingrijpend in beweging gekomen – onder andere met de opkomst van online learning, MOOC’s en rankings – dat de uitgangspunten van de universiteit nu opnieuw doordacht moeten worden. Als rector magnificus van de Universiteit Utrecht heeft Bert van der Zwaan met tal van collega’s in Azië, Europa en Noord-Amerika gesproken over de ontwikkelingen binnen de stelsels van hoger onderwijs in hun land. Op basis van die gesprekken exploreert hij de toekomst van het hoger onderwijs, met als kernvraag: haalt de universiteit 2040?

Phosphorus (P) stands second to nitrogen in terms of its essentiality as a plant macronutrient, as well as due to its involvement in almost all plant developmental stages, primary and secondary plant metabolisms, maintenance of membrane structures, and in the structural skeleton of major biomolecules. An optimum P-supply also helps plants combat abiotic stress impacts. Most P in soil remains unavailable for uptake by plants. P-containing fertilizers are being added to agricultural lands to sustain high yields. Only the least amount of the applied P (20%–30%) is used by most cultivated plants, and the rest remains as legacy P (P surpluses), which eventually causes eutrophication. This book, Phosphorus in Soils and Plants, reviews P in soils and plants, P dynamics in the soil–water–sediment environment, the major roles of P in the photosynthetic dark phase-biochemical pathways, major approaches for the sustainable management of P in agriculture, main mechanisms underlying the role of P in the regulation of plant–microbe interactions in the rhizosphere, literature on the role of microbial phosphate solubilization in management of soil and plant nutrients, and insights into P recovery through waste transformation. This volume is an important resource for plant biologists involved in teaching or research who wish to advance their knowledge of P in soils and plants.

Campus Medius erforscht und erweitert die Möglichkeiten der digitalen Kartografie in den Kultur- und Medienwissenschaften. Simon Ganahl dokumentiert die Entwicklung des Projekts von einer historischen Fallstudie zur Mapping-Plattform. Ausgehend von der Frage, was eine mediale Erfahrung ist, werden die Konzepte des Dispositivs und des Akteur-Netzwerks in ein Datenmodell übersetzt. Als Labor dient ein Zeit-Raum von 24 Stunden im Mai 1933 in Wien, der von einer austrofaschistischen »Türkenbefreiungsfeier« geprägt ist. Diese Massenkundgebung wird multiperspektivisch kartografiert und in medienhistorische Netzwerke eingeflochten, die sich vom 17. Jahrhundert bis in unsere Gegenwart aufspannen.

Most widely known for its adherents chanting “Hare Krishna” and distributing religious literature on the streets of American cities, the Hare Krishna movement was founded in New York City in 1965 by A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada. Formally known as the International Society for Krishna Consciousness, or ISKCON, it is based on the Hindu Vedic scriptures and is a Western outgrowth of a popular yoga tradition which began in the 16th century. In its first generation ISKCON actively deterred marriage and the nuclear family, denigrated women, and viewed the raising of children as a distraction from devotees' spiritual responsibilities. Yet since the death of its founder in 1977, there has been a growing women’s rights movement and also a highly publicized child abuse scandal. Most strikingly, this movement has transformed into one that now embraces the nuclear family and is more accepting of both women and children, steps taken out of necessity to sustain itself as a religious movement into the next generation. At the same time, it is now struggling to contend with the consequences of its recent outreach into the India-born American Hindu community. Based on three decades of in-depth research and participant observation, Hare Krishna Transformed explores dramatic changes in this new religious movement over the course of two generations from its founding.

Twenty-five years after the death of one of the most refined and secluded writers of the second half of the 20th century, the complete catalogue of works and author papers in the Giuseppe Dessí Collection is available, thanks to the work and philological expertise of Agnese Landini. The filing of the material, deposited in the Contemporary Archives of the Gabinetto Vieusseux in Florence, allows to retrace the complete bibliography of the published and unpublished works of the Sardinian writer and, while telling the story of a narrative path through documents, it eases access to notes and drafts of novels, short stories, plays, anthologies, translations, essays, poems, interviews.

Public health is diffuse, divided, and poorly understood. As a policy and practice, public health promotes and protects people and communities. As a field of academic inquiry it provides deep insights into the ways individuals and collectives can work within societies to prevent disease and promote health and health equity. Public health is a broad, intersectoral, and interdisciplinary field of scholarship, activism, policy, and practice with the potential to create and support immense change. This is a story of one hundred years of public health in Alberta. Drawing on extensive research, including interviews with members of Alberta’s public health communities, A History of Public Health in Alberta, 1919-2019 considers institutions, sectors, populations, and activities that constitute the study and practice of public health. It offers a consolidated narrative from a contemporary perspective, paying particular attention to significant and entrenched social inequities of health and their determinants, the emergence of new public health concerns, and communities of public health, including activists, practitioners, scholars, and the public itself. A History of Public Health in Alberta, 1919-2019 draws together the threads of public health policy, practice, and research, mapping its contours and presenting a holistic view of public health in the province over time. Prompted by the concern, and the experience, that public health is frequently deeply misunderstood, this book articulates a history of the field and practice essential to understanding how we may best mobilize to support well-being and health equity across populations.

Die Schrift Über das Glück: Das Leben des Proklos, verfasst von dem neuplatonischen Philosophen Marinos, ist ein bemerkenswerter Text des späten 5. Jh. n. Chr., der traditionelle biographische, hagiographische und philosophische Themen und Motive mit aktuellen zeitgenössischen Diskursen der Spätantike amalgamiert. Das langjährige Oberhaupt der Neuplatoniker in Athen, der Philosoph Proklos, wird als Leitfigur und paganer Heiliger in einer zunehmend christianisierten Gesellschaft inszeniert. Marinos illustriert anhand seiner Proklos-Figur die Tugenden und Ideale der neuplatonischen Philosophen und schildert dabei programmatisch die (neu-)platonische Ethik und Glückskonzeption. In der Einleitung sowie in den sieben Essays dieses Bandes werden literarische, philosophische, religionsphilosophische, astronomische wie althistorische und sozialgeschichtliche Themen dieses Textes - der hier zum ersten Mal ins Deutsche übersetzt wird - beleuchtet.

The Other/Argentina looks at literature, film, and the visual arts to examine the threads of Jewishness that create patterns of meaning within the fabric of Argentine self-representation. A multiethnic yet deeply Roman Catholic country, Argentina has worked mightily to fashion itself as a modern nation. In so doing, it has grappled with the paradox of Jewishness, emblematic both of modernity and of the lingering traces of the premodern. By the same token, Jewishness is woven into, but also other to, Argentineity. Consequently, books, movies, and art that reflect on Jewishness play a significant role in shaping Argentina's cultural landscape. In the process they necessarily inscribe, and sometimes confound, norms of gender and sexuality. Just as Jewishness seeps into Argentina, Argentina's history, politics, and culture mark Jewishness and alter its meaning. The feminized body of the Jewish male, for example, is deeply rooted in Western tradition; but the stigmatized body of the Jewish prostitute and the lacerated body of the Jewish torture victim acquire particular significance in Argentina. Furthermore, Argentina's iconic Jewish figures include not only the peddler and the scholar, but also the Jewish gaucho and the urban mobster, troubling conventional readings of Jewish masculinity. As it searches for threads of Jewishness, richly imbued with the complexities of gender and sexuality, The Other/Argentina explores the patterns those threads weave, however overtly or subtly, into the fabric of Argentine national meaning, especially at such critical moments in Argentine history as the period of massive state-sponsored immigration, the rise of labor and anarchist movements, the Perón era, and the 1976–83 dictatorship. In arguing that Jewishness is an essential element of Argentina's self-fashioning as a modern nation, the book shifts the focus in Latin American Jewish studies from Jewish identity to the meaning of Jewishness for the nation. This book is freely available in an open access edition thanks to the National Endowment for the Humanities Fellowships Open Book Program—a limited competition designed to make outstanding humanities books available to a wide audience. Learn more at the Fellowships Open Book Program website at: https://www.neh.gov/grants/odh/FOBP, and access the book online at the SUNY Open Access Repository at http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12648/1711.

The essays collected in this volume are the proceedings of an international conference held in Vienna (Austria) in September 2022 on the “parting of the ways” between Jews and Christians. They demonstrate that the beginnings of what we today call “Christianity” were fully embedded in early Judaism in the first century CE. The 18 chapters of this collection span from considerations about early Jewish identity/identities (Tiwald/Öhler, Grohmann, Magness) to Pauline theology (Tiwald, Ehrensperger, Eschner), the Sayings Source (Heil), the Gospels of Matthew (Konradt), Johannine and Biblical theology (Schreiber, Scherer, Förster), the Didache (Doering) to Ignatius of Antioch (Foster, Öhler), Origen (Siquans), and the Rabbis (Stemberger). The volume ends with systematic-theological considerations on the “parting of the ways” and perspectives of Jewish-Christian dialogue (Tück, Danz).

Jihadi online media try to mobilize, recruit, and disseminate the messages of jihadi subcultures. Understanding the mechanisms and structures of the products of these online media is essential for understanding jihadism in general. Original research into visual representations of jihadi media outlets, the subtleties of jihadi videos, the specific ways jihadis use Islamic religious language, into jihadi poetry, and the ways jihadis stage their concepts in videos of kangaroo trials is presented in this volume. Jihadis as part of the imaginary of global media production is another aspect of representations of jihadism described in one of the contributions.

Dieser Band zeigt, worauf ein EU-Mitgliedstaat, der volle demokratische Rechtsstaatlichkeit wieder herstellen möchte, achten sollte. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit gilt dem EU-Recht, das diesem Prozess einerseits rechtsstaatliche Vorgaben macht, zugleich aber Instrumente und Hilfestellungen anbietet. Die Beiträge untersuchen den rechtlichen, politischen und sozialen Rahmen einer "Transition 2.0", die wohl an die Transition der 1990er Jahre wird anschließen müssen. Mit Beiträgen von Matej Avbelj | Michal Bobek | Adam Bodnar | Armin von Bogdandy | Dario Castiglione | Pawel Filipek | Diego García-Sayán | Christophe Hillion | Sara Iglesias Sánchez | András Jakab | Maryhen Jiménez | David Kosař | Zdeněk Kühn | Angelika Nußberger | Jiří Přibáň | Kim Lane Scheppele | Werner Schroeder | Katarína Šipulová | Pál Sonnevend | Luke Dimitrios Spieker | Maciej Taborowski | Mirosław Wyrzykowski

Alltäglich und wie selbstverständlich arbeiten Juristen mit den Zwecken einer Norm. Zugleich irritiert der 'Zweck im Recht' seit Jhering nachhaltig Rechtstheorie und Rechtsdogmatik. So gilt etwa die Orientierung am Zweck als Chiffre für Methodensynkretismus und die Zweckmäßigkeit wird der Rechtmäßigkeit entgegengesetzt. Vor diesem Hintergrund unterzieht Thomas Wischmeyer das schwierige und facettenreiche Verhältnis des Rechts zum Zweckbegriff einer umfassenden genealogischen Rekonstruktion und einer kritischen theoretischen Analyse. Dabei zeigt sich, dass Zwecke als Thema im Verfassungsstaat nur noch im Plural buchstabiert werden können. Vor allem aber wird so erst das eigentlich praktische Problem der Rede von Zwecken im Recht sichtbar: Wer soll es sein, der rechtlich relevante Zwecke setzt? Beruht die demokratische Idee von der Rechtsetzung als Zwecksetzung auf einem intentionalen Fehlschluss? So wird die Frage nach den Zwecken im Recht zur Suche nach dem (historischen) Gesetzgeber. Thomas Wischmeyer wurde für seine Arbeit mit dem Carl-von-Rotteck-Preis der Rechtswissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg für die beste Dissertation 2014 ausgezeichnet.

Exactly how is it we think the ends of justice are accomplished by sentencing someone to a term in prison? How do we relate a quantitative measure of time—months and years—to the objectives of deterring crime, punishing wrongdoers, and accomplishing justice for those touched by a criminal act? Linda Ross Meyer investigates these questions, examining the disconnect between our two basic modes of thinking about time—chronologically (seconds, minutes, hours), or phenomenologically (observing, taking note of, or being aware of the passing of time). In Sentencing in Time, Meyer asks whether—in overlooking the irreconcilability of these two modes of thinking about time—we are failing to accomplish the ends we believe the criminal justice system is designed to serve. Drawing on work in philosophy, legal theory, jurisprudence, and the history of penology, Meyer explores how, rather than condemning prisoners to an experience of time bereft of meaning, we might instead make the experience of incarceration constructively meaningful—and thus better aligned with social objectives of deterring crime, reforming offenders, and restoring justice.