Humanities & Social Sciences

This open access book, published under a CC BY 4.0 license in the Pubmed indexed book series Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, provides up-to-date information on best practice to improve experimental design and quality of research in non-clinical pharmacology and biomedicine.

Die vorliegende Arbeit unternimmt den Versuch, den syntaktischen Stellenwert der fakultativen Adverbiale im Satz zu ermitteln und ihre Beziehungen zu den übrigen Gliedern zu bestimmen. Sie konzentriert sich auf die fakultativen Adverbiale in Form von Präpositionalphrasen.

Complexity of karst groundwater networks requires implementation of standard hydrogeological monitoring and unconventional methods of investigation. We present the results of isotope composition analysis for three karst springs and rain water collected in their hinterland. During two years, spring water samples were collected on a weekly and rain samples on a monthly basis. The main findings are: winter precipitation of Mediterranean origin dominates springs' recharge, a dual porosity model is a fit for the studied systems, and hinterlands of the springs have different retention capabilities.

The aim of the Spanish national report is to analyse job quality and inclusive working conditions of care workers in Spain. The report includes analysis of law and policy, labour market characteristics, and industrial relations, as well as analysis of the interplay between national law and EU/European and international law.

La disciplina conocida como traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos (TISP) ha experimentado un gran avance y consolidación en las últimas décadas. La demanda de profesionales en situaciones que dificultan el proceso de comunicación entre los representantes de las administraciones públicas y los usuarios que no dominan una lengua es cada vez mayor y, de este hecho, han tomado conciencia las distintas instituciones académicas. El presente libro analiza las necesidades documentales y léxicas en la TISP, y aborda el desarrollo de la competencia léxica traductora en una sociedad digital desde una perspectiva teórica y práctica.

Today, the neo-Anatolian pop music scene is thriving, and there is an abundance of reissues of Anatolian pop from the 1960s and 1970s. Sparked by U.S. hip-hop beat diggers in 2006, this trend has also led to a growing musicological interest in Anatolian pop and rock. This volume compiles over 15 years of research on Turkish music focusing on productions from Turkey and Germany. Key questions include the conditions that led to the emergence of Anatolian pop as a hybrid style and its relationship with other styles, such as arabesk, belly dance, folk, and hip-hop. The status of Turkish music in Germany is also examined, asking why this vast music production was ignored and excluded from the German music market and media for decades.

The rapid digital transformation of education has profoundly reshaped the professional role of teachers, requiring the development of complex digital, pedagogical and reflective competences. This contribution explores the digital competences of education professionals through an integrated analysis of European reference frameworks  DigCompEdu, LifeComp and the UNESCO ICT and AI Competency Frameworks  highlighting the need to move beyond a purely technical understanding of digital literacy towards a transformative and reflective professional competence. Attention is paid to methodological approaches that foster teachers’ professional development, such as learning design, communities of practice and peer learning, with specific reference to hospital schooling contexts, where personalization, flexibility and attention to students’ well-being are crucial. The final section presents the experience of a professional development course for hospital teachers, illustrating how digital technologies, when intentionally embedded in pedagogical design, can support transformative learning processes, strengthen professional agency and promote inclusive and collaborative educational practices.

This book explores the politics of multilateralism in the context of three United Nations (UN) pillars: human rights, peace and security, and development. Focussing on the debates, ideas, and practices of international cooperation that have dominated the UN agenda since the early 1990s, it shows how a conceptual understanding of multilateralism could help strengthen the international community to face uncertainty and crises. The authors analyze the language of multilateralism as employed when the UN handles cases of transnational challenges and seeks to establish an international response and argue that conceptual politics of multilateralism taking place in the UN concerning key contemporary challenges illustrate a lack of shared understanding of multilateralism, but also broad interest to promote alternatives for multilateral cooperation as an activity. Case studies illustrate the politics of multilateralism as an analytical concept and trace the practices, debates, and related concepts such as sovereignty, legitimacy, and authority. This volume will appeal to scholars of political theory, international organizations, global governance, and international relations as well as practitioners at think tanks and international organizations

The idea of improvisation, broadly defined, has been integral to our imagination of the medieval musical past. It can be related to many elements of production: to the act of un-notated creation; to the manipulation and amplification of notated materials; to our observance of rigid rules and formulae; or to spontaneous freedom. Likely a product of the Carolingian Renaissance, this is the first medieval music treatise to address an aspect of chant performance that does not only relate to a memorized repertoire, but includes an unwritten practice of extemporizing an accompanying voice to a pre-given melody. The art of “coloration” or the ornamentation of a line, whether polyphonic or monophonic, had been an integral part of extemporization since at least the time of the Ad organum faciendum treatises. When planning author's ontological inquiries, the author's would do well to remember the possible existence of creativity that is not inspired, or ephemerality that is not performer- or expression-centered.

We all wait – in traffic jams, passport offices, school meal queues, for better weather, an end to fighting, peace. Time spent waiting produces hope, boredom, anxiety, doubt, or uncertainty. Ethnographies of Waiting explores the social phenomenon of waiting and its centrality in human society. Using waiting as a central analytical category, the book investigates how waiting is negotiated in myriad ways. Examining the politics and poetics of waiting, Ethnographies of Waiting offers fresh perspectives on waiting as the uncertain interplay between doubting and hoping, and asks "When is time worth the wait?" Waiting thus conceived is intrinsic to the ethnographic method at the heart of the anthropological enterprise. Featuring detailed ethnographies from Japan, Georgia, England, Ghana, Norway, Russia and the United States, a Foreword by Craig Jeffrey and an Afterword by Ghassan Hage, this is a vital contribution to the field of anthropology of time and essential reading for students and scholars in anthropology, sociology and philosophy.

"Briefe an den 1907 nach Hamburg berufenen Carl Otto Czeschka von seinen Wiener Freunden dokumentieren anschaulich das Leben und die Gesellschaft Wiens nach 1900. »Verlangst Du wirklich, dass wir Dir jedes Mal schreiben, wie uns Deine Sachen gefallen? Ist Dir das nicht schon zu langweilig zu hören? Du bist ein- für allemal für uns eine ganz alleinstehende Qualität, Du machst heute Sachen, wie sie überhaupt noch nie gemacht worden sind, und man geniert sich ja förmlich, über solche Kunstwerke dummes Lob zu schreiben. Jeder kleinste Schmarren, den Du schickst, ist ein Fest für uns.« (Fritz Wärndorfer an C. O. Czeschka am 30. Dezember 1909) Der aus Wien stammende Carl Otto Czeschka war seit 1905 einer der wichtigen Entwerfer für die Wiener Werkstätte. Als junger Lehrer an der Kunstgewerbeschule Wien war er Entdecker und Förderer von Oskar Kokoschka. Czeschkas Berufung 1907 nach Hamburg markierte einen Wendepunkt in der künstlerischen Bedeutung der Hamburger Kunstgewerbeschule. Neben seiner Lehrtätigkeit dort bis 1943 erhielt Czeschka zahlreiche Aufträge als Designer und Gebrauchsgrafiker. Ausführungen zu zwei bisher wenig bekannten Werken Czeschkas, den Glaskunstfenstern für die Gewerbekammer und den Dekansketten für die 1919 gegründete Hamburgische Universität, runden die Briefedition ab."

"The chapter starts with a criticism of management and control concepts that have been rooted in economic or psychological theories and models, although society’s complexity and the pace of change will demand a broader and deeper foundation for the development of effective management systems in the future. Other voices need to be put forward. Immanuel Kant (1795/1991) argued for his idea of the Weltbürger (“world citizen”), also known as “The Cosmopolitan Ideal”. His fundamental philosophy is that all humans are welcome, regardless of time and place, and that all humans are world citizens, regardless of nationality and cultural belonging (Kant, 1795/1991). All people are co-citizens, independent of nationality and cultural affiliation, and the Weltbürger is concerned with global problems and solutions. Another central thinker is Jacques Derrida (1930–2004), a French philosopher and writer particularly known for the term “Deconstruction”, which is about splitting up words and phrases to find out what they really mean, in the light of the culture and underlying attitudes. Human comprehension requires common words and phrases (language), and a cultural and social context, both of which have formed the basis for conceptual analysis of the terms “hospitality” and “threshold of tolerance”. The conclusion is that the concepts of the Weltbürger and “hospitality” have important values in and of themselves, and are ideas that are universal and timeless, providing an important compass for samhandling."

In this open-access monograph, Paul Weller explores how the movement known as Hizmet (meaning “service”) is undergoing a period of transitions in Europe. Inspired by the teaching and practice of the Turkish Islamic scholar, Fethullah Gülen, Hizmet has been active in Europe (and other continents) for several decades. It has always been subject to some degree of contestation, which has intensified following the July 2016 coup attempt in Turkey, for which the current Turkish government holds Fethullah Gülen and Hizmet as responsible – a claim they strongly deny. In Turkey, thousands of people associated with Hizmet have been imprisoned. In Europe, pressures have been brought to bear on the movement and its activities. In charting a way forward, Hizmet finds itself in a significant transitional period, the nature and possible future trajectories of which are explored in this volume. The book is informed by a comprehensive literature review and a recent research project which includes primary research interviews with key Hizmet figures in Europe and beyond. It contends that to properly understand Hizmet in Europe, one has to situate it in its interactive engagement both with its diverse European national contexts and with Fethullah Gülen’s teaching and practice.

This paper explores the symbolic and agentive role of textiles – particularly the peplos dedicated to Athena – from Homer’s Iliad to New Comedy. Focusing on Iliad VI, it examines how the offering of a peplos by Hecuba to Athena, and the goddess’s refusal, reveals a complex interplay of ritual, perception, and divine-human interaction. The analysis extends to the Panathenaic peplos and its representation on the Parthenon frieze, highlighting the layered perceptual and temporal dimensions between mortals, gods, and the audience. Ultimately, the study argues that textiles can act as active agents in religious and political discourse, capable of expressing dissent and rupturing sacred order.

In dieser Open-Access-Publikation gibt Klaus Behnam Shad einen vertieften Einblick in die (Selbst-)Unterwerfung Geflüchteter und fokussiert ihre affektive Identitätsneukonstruktionen, d. h. die individuelle Auseinandersetzung mit dem affektiven Regime Asyl seitens der in ihm gefangenen Menschen. Auf Grundlage einer einjährigen Feldforschung und empirisch, in Form mehrphasiger explorativer Interviews erhobener Daten, wird in der sozialphänomenologisch angelegten Studie die emotionale Erfahrung des Asyls und die mit ihr einhergehende Neupositionierung von Asylbewerber*innen im Ankunftskontext Deutschland aus einer postkolonialen Perspektive nachgezeichnet, indem emotions- und identitätstheoretische, feministische und anerkennungstheoretische Ansätze auf eine neuartige Weise miteinander kombiniert werden. Die Zusammenführung verschiedener theoretischer Bausteine erlaubt es, eine spezifische affektive Anerkennungsfindung im Asylkontext herauszustellen: Das Selbst des gefangenen Menschen wird im Zuge der Inferiorisierungs- und Unterwerfungspraktiken umgemünzt, während die totale Institution Asyl ihm als Identitäts-Zuteilungs-Maschine eine unmissverständliche Rolle als „Verlierer“ zuweist.