Humanities & Social Sciences

The main object of this book is a manuscript preserved in Rome but composed in Florence in the middle of the fifteenth century, which transmits a text that is nearly unknown and highly original for at least three reasons. Firstly, the subject matter: a description of the Camaldoli hermitage at a time when this place was highly appreciated. Secondly, the discursive genre: the description of a built landscape, influenced both by humanist ekphrasis and by the tradition of medieval figurative exegesis. Finally, the dedicatee of the work, who is no less than Peter son of Cosimo dei Medici. The book successively examines the medieval and modern tradition of this little work, the identity of its author and the milieu of its production and first reception, and finally the details – some of them completely new – of the description of the Camaldolese hermitage and their textual and figurative tradition. It concludes with a critical edition of the work and the glosses with which it was enhanced in modern times. It is therefore a contribution not only to the history of an important Tuscan monastic centre, but also to that of the cultural and political networks of Tuscany in the second half of the fifteenth century, as well as to the knowledge of the textual and iconographic genres of landscape and monumental description, and finally, in a certain way, of modern Tuscan scholarship.

Der Text, den ich übersetze, ist von: Danielle Buschinger, Heinrich von Freiberg, Tristan. Edité avec Introduction et Index, Göppingen (Kümmerle) 1982 [= Göppinger Arbeiten zur Germanistik Nr. 270], mittlere Spalte, Hs. F, Florenz Manuscript BR 226 (= Magl. VII 33) (frühe Mitte des 14. Jahrhunderts, ca. hundert Jahre vor der Erfindung des Buchdrucks).

Zwischen 1870 und 1930 institutionalisierte sich die Schauspielausbildung und es entstanden eigene pädagogische Ansätze. Wolf-Dieter Ernst erzählt die Geschichte der Schauspielschulen als Theater- und Bildungsreform. Mit Fallstudien zu Ernst Possart, Louise Dumont, Elsie Fogerty und Leopold Jessner verdeutlicht er erstmals die Bandbreite des Schauspieltrainings und beleuchtet das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen den zunehmend institutionell und pädagogisch vermittelten Vorschriften und deren affektiver Überschreitung – eine detaillierte Analyse, die die Institutions- und Bildungsgeschichte künstlerischer Berufe um neue Perspektiven erweitert.

This book provides an in-depth, scholarly reflection on the challenges that arise in guaranteeing religious freedom and protection of the rights of religious minorities in law and practice. Currently, the protection of religious minorities constitutes one of the foundations of the international human rights protection systems and is provided for in the constitutions of all democratic states. The volume identifies, analyses, and assesses the legal status of religious freedom and protection of religious minorities, with special focus on Jewish and Muslim minorities in the European and Israeli legal environments. It compares the discourses on the scope and boundaries of religious freedom with the actual treatment of religious freedom in legal regulations, the case law, and in practice by the general society. The book employs the resources of comparative law and national and international law, as well as legal theory. Extensive use is also made of decisions of the international courts, including the European Court of Human Rights and the Court of Justice of the European Union. The book will be a valuable resource for academics, researchers, and policymakers working in the areas of law and religion, international human rights law, comparative constitutional law, and religious studies.

Carl Stamitz (1745-1801), Johann Stamitz's eldest son, is well known for his works, as his compositions can be found on numerous recordings and concert programmes in today's music scene. Musicologists though do not pay the same attention to this composer, who came from the ranks of the court musicians of the Electoral Palatinate. The dissertation by Friedrich Carl Kaiser (1931-2008), submitted in 1962, is still the only monograph that systematically deals with his life and his orchestral music, which was a major part of his creative work. It is a standard work that rightly appears in every bibliography on the subject. Up to now it has only been possible to view the compulsory typescript copies of the dissertation, which are distributed among a few libraries and which differ in detail from one another. The reason for this is the somewhat unusual genesis of the text, as Kaiser repeatedly made changes and additions to his Stamitz monograph over a long period of time. The present edition, which also includes Kaiser's personal copy from his estate, now provides musicology researchers with a reliable edition of this fundamental text.

Derzeit wird an zahlreichen Orten der Welt diskutiert, ob Rechte der Natur ein adäquates juristisches Werkzeug für den Umgang mit den Umweltkrisen unserer Zeit sein könnten. Die Arbeit befasst sich mit der weltweit ersten verfassungsrechtlichen Anerkennung solcher Rechte in der ecuadorianischen Verfassung von 2008 und wählt hierfür einen insbesondere auf Postkoloniale Theorien gestützten theoretischen Zugang. Sie deutet diese neuen Berechtigungen als hybrides Recht, das allgemeine Impulse zum Nachdenken über Rechtssubjektivität gibt und in Richtung eins partizipativen und inklusiven Modells der Rechte weist, das die Abhängigkeiten und das gegenseitige Aufeinanderverwiesensein der Rechtssubjekte in den Vordergrund rückt.

This monograph examines, for the first time, the reception of the poetic legacy of the Latin poet Horace (65 B.C.-8 B.C.) in the poetics courses written and taught at the Kyiv Mohyla Academy (17th -first half of the 18th century), in particular in the areas of poetic theory, metrics, lyric poetry. The analysis focuses on three main aspects: theoretical recommendations on the role of the poet and the purpose of poetry, as well as on inventio , dispositio , elocutio , drawn mostly from Ars poetica; the use of Horace’s poetry in the teaching of metrics and the exemplification of metrical schemes (particularly Alcaic and Sapphic stanzas and the dactilic hexameter); the ways in which Horace’s poetry is taken as a model in the composition of poetry, which was a mandatory exercise of the poetics course. The author analyzed the reception of Horace taking into account, on the one hand, the centuries-long Christian reception of the poet, and, on the other, the conception of poetry prevalent at the Mohyla Academy, which saw poetry as an ancillary discipline of moral philosophy, the purpose of which was to contribute to the education of devout Christians and loyal subjects. This approach was in line with the prevalent tendency in European religious schools, whether Protestant, Catholic or Orthodox, especially after the Reformation and the subsequent Counter-Reformation, to see poetry as a rhetorical instrument of Christian morality.

Das Sorbische und das Bündnerromanische befinden sich seit längerer Zeit in einem kritischen Zustand. Sprachenpolitische Maßnahmen können nur das sprachliche Verhalten der Sprecher beeinflussen, falls überhaupt. Ihr Verhalten insgesamt hängt aber von zahlreichen nichtsprachlichen Faktoren ab, und deren Einfluß ist ungleich stärker. Eine dauerhafte Sicherung der Existenz dieser Sprachen ist ohne Veränderung bei den nichtsprachlichen Faktoren nicht möglich.

This edited volume offers a detailed analysis of Finland’s transformation from neutrality to a pivotal NATO member following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022. With contributions from scholars and military practitioners, the volume fills a critical gap in the literature by focusing on Finland’s changing security landscape. It explores Finland’s emerging role within NATO, changes in Finnish strategic posture, the perspectives of key allies, and its evolving relations with Russia and China. Divided into three thematic sections, the book covers Finland's shifting military-strategic context, its changing security orientation with great powers, and the impact on its key national security practices such as conscription, total defence, and border security. Finland’s geostrategic importance is emphasised, particularly as NATO’s frontline state with the longest border with Russia, and as a key player in Arctic policy. In contrast to broader regional analyses, this book provides a comprehensive and focused examination of Finland’s national security in its own right, offering vital insights for scholars and policymakers. This book will be of much interest to students of Strategic and Security studies, NATO, Nordic studies and International Relations.

For several decades David Bethea has written authoritatively on the “mythopoetic thinking” that lies at the heart of classical Russian literature, especially Russian poetry. His theoretically informed essays and books have made a point of turning back to issues of intentionality and biography at a time when authorial agency seems under threat of “erasure” and the question of how writers, and poets in particular, live their lives through their art is increasingly moot. The lichnost’ (personhood, psychic totality) of the given writer is all-important, argues Bethea, as it is that which combines the specifically biographical and the capaciously mythical in verbal units that speak simultaneously to different planes of being. Pushkin’s Evgeny can be one incarnation of the poet himself and an Everyman rising up to challenge Peter’s new world order; Brodsky can be, all at once, Dante and Mandelstam and himself, the exile paying an Orphic visit to Florence.

Ob konfessionslos oder Kirchenmitglied: Die Präsenz von Militärseelsorge in der Bundeswehr wird von Soldat:innen nahezu einhellig gutgeheißen. Gut die Hälfte hat ihre Angebote bereits in Anspruch genommen und würde dies auch wieder tun, wie eine groß angelegte Repräsentativumfrage zeigt, die im Herbst 2022 vom Zentrum für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr in Kooperation mit dem Sozialwissenschaftlichen Institut der Evangelischen Kirche in Deutschland durchgeführt wurde. Rund 7.000 Soldat:innen haben sich an der Befragung zu „Seelsorge und Religion in der Bundeswehr“ beteiligt. Was kennzeichnet Militärseelsorge als gefragtes kirchliches Angebot, wo doch die beiden großen Kirchen in Deutschland sonst eher Austrittszahlen verzeichnen? Was sind die (religiösen) Bedürfnisse, die Lebens- und Wertorientierungen der Soldat:innen, auf die Militärseelsorge antwortet? Wie nimmt die Truppe Militärseelsorge wahr – im Alltag, in der Einsatzbegleitung und in der ethischen Bildung? Wie wird ihr Beitrag zur Inneren Führung der Bundeswehr erlebt? Und: Was bedeuten die Forschungsergebnisse im Hinblick auf eine Bundeswehr in der Zeitenwende, die sich vorbereiten muss auf den Fall der Landes- und Bündnisverteidigung? Diesen Fragen wird hier erstmals vertieft empirisch nachgegangen.

A digital twin is a digital replica of a living or non-living physical entity, such as a manufacturing process, medical device, piece of medical equipment, and even a person to gain insight into the present and future operational states of each physical twin." With the rapid advancement in manufacturing processes through sensors, the Internet of Things (IoT), modeling software, cloud computing, and cyber-physical integration, smart manufacturing is being adopted by almost all manufacturers. Digital twin promises the realization of smart manufacturing through the interaction and utilization of all these technological advances. Therefore, it is necessary to educate the industrialists and researchers involved in the manufacturing industry on the recent progress and directions of digital twin technology and services. In general, this work introduces the digital twin technology and presents case studies specifically for smart manufacturing from the perspective of industry 4.0. It also presents the digital twin for smart product design, biomanufacturing, and IoT with case studies. It gives its readers a guideline for future trends and an application framework for product design using digital twins.

In the second half of the 19th century visions of an infrastructurally integrated imperial space captivated the minds of Russian administrators and businessmen. Infrastructural integration promised to unravel the economic and political potential of the Russian Empire but it also revealed its administrative weakness. The book explores the challenges the Tsarist administration faced in harmonizing the multitudinous regional economic regimes in its vast landed empire. It analyzes conflicting logics towards the imperial space and demonstrates how the modern project of an infrastructurally integrated space limited the leeway in resorting to imperial administrative practices and accelerated the “nationalization” of the Russian Empire’s economic space.

The Christian Democratic Party has been a key piece in the more general insertion of Chilean politics in the great political-ideological trends that dominated the second half of the 20th century. During the past century, relations between external and Chilean political actors were framed in the context of great processes and dilemmas of global relevance: the Cold War and the more general competition between holistic social projects, the emerging concern for human rights, the experience of post-dictatorial transitions in Southern Europe, among others. These external actors played a very relevant role in promoting the political exit strategy from the Chilean dictatorship which, by converging with internal factors, had an important impact in determining the guidelines of the transition. Local political actors, such as the PDC, far from being pieces in the hands of external referents, played a leading role, using their international networks to consolidate and consolidate their political project. Unlike other works that have addressed the international dimension of the transition, the focus of this book is not the economic or the ideological aspects, but rather the political centrality of an actor, the Christian Democratic Party, and the capacity that it it had to consolidate at the international level its position of reference for the return to democracy in Chile.

This book offers an interdisciplinary analysis of current formations of publics that is informed by in-depth knowledge of affect and emotion theory. Using empirical case studies from contexts as diverse as India, Pakistan, Tanzania, and the Americas as well as Europe, the book challenges dichotomous distinctions between private and public. Instead, publics are understood as a relational structure that encompasses both people and their physical and mediatized environment. While each kind of public is affectively constituted, the intensity of its affective attunement varies considerably. The volume is aimed at academic readers interested in understanding the dynamic and fluid forms of contemporary formation of publics—be it digital or face-to-face encounters as well as in the intersection of both forms. This includes researchers from media and communication studies, social anthropology, theatre or literary studies. It is aimed at advanced students of these disciplines who are interested in the unfolding of contemporary publics. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.