Humanities & Social Sciences

This book documents how COVID-19 impacts gender, agriculture, and food systems across the globe with on-the-ground accounts and personal reflections from scholars, practitioners, and community members. During the coronavirus pandemic with many people under lockdown, continual agricultural production and access to food remain essential. Women provide much of the formal and informal work in agriculture and food production, distribution, and preparation often under precarious conditions. A cadre of scholars and practitioners from across the globe provide their timely observations on these issues as well as more personal reflections on its impact on their lives and work. Four major themes emerge from these accounts and are interwoven throughout: the pervasiveness of food insecurity, the ubiquity of women’s care work, food justice, and policies and research that can that can result in a resilience that reimagines the future for greater gender and intersectional equality. We identify what lessons we can learn from this global pandemic about research and practices related to gender, food, and agricultural systems to strive for more equitable arrangements. This book will be of great interest to students, scholars and practitioners working on gender and food and agriculture during this global pandemic and beyond.

Das vorliegende Open-Access-Buch gibt einen Überblick über die Entwicklung der Neuroökonomie und ihre Fragestellungen. Die Neuroökonomie ist ein noch relativ junger Wissenschaftszweig, in dem kognitive Neurowissenschaftler und Ökonomen zusammenarbeiten. Dabei werden die neurologischen Prozesse bei der Verarbeitung ökonomischer Entscheidungen untersucht. Lena Dreher beleuchtet die Suche nach neuen Modellen für die Erforschung menschlicher Entscheidungsfindung und analysiert das Vorgehen der Neuroökonomie. Dabei werden auch die methodischen Probleme und vorgebrachten Kritiken untersucht. Die wissenschaftstheoretischen Erläuterungen der Mutterwissenschaften und wie ihre Fragestellungen und Arbeitsweisen in der Neuroökonomie zusammenkommen, machen die Methoden und Probleme der Neuroökonomie verständlich. Dies ist ein Open-Access-Buch.

This book explores a topic that has recently become the subject of increased philosophical interest: how can imagination be put to epistemic use? Though imagination has long been invoked in contexts of modal knowledge, in recent years philosophers have begun to explore its capacity to play an epistemic role in a variety of other contexts as well. In this collection, the contributors address an assortment of issues relating to epistemic uses of imagination, and in particular, they take up the ways in which our imaginings must be constrained so as to justify beliefs and give rise to knowledge. These constraints are explored across several different contexts in which imagination is appealed to for justification, namely reasoning, modality and modal knowledge, thought experiments, and knowledge of self and others. Taken as a whole, the contributions in this volume break new ground in explicating when and how imagination can be epistemically useful. Epistemic Uses of Imagination will be of interest to scholars and advanced students who are working on imagination, as well as those working more broadly in epistemology, aesthetics, and philosophy of mind.

Pricing Carbon Emissions provides an economic critique on the utopian idea of a uniform carbon price for addressing rising carbon emissions, exposing the flaws in the economic propositions with a key focus on the EU’s Emissions Trading System (ETS). After an Executive Summary of the contents, the chapters build up understanding of orthodox economics’ role in protecting the neoliberal paradigm. A salient case, the ETS is successful in shielding the Business-as-Usual activities of the EU’s industry, however this book argues that the system fails in creating innovation for decarbonizing production technologies. A subsequent political economy analysis by the author points to the discursive power of giant fossil fuel and electricity companies keeping up a façade of Cap-and-Trade utopia and hiding the reality of free permit donations and administrative price control, concealing financial bills mostly paid by household electricity customers. The twilights between reality and utopia in the EU’s ETS are exposed, concluding an immediate end of the system is necessary for effective and just climate policy. The work argues that the proposition of shifting to a global uniform carbon tax is equally utopian. In practice, a uniform price applied on heterogeneous cases is not a source of benefits but one of ad-hoc adjustments, exceptions, and exemptions. Carbon pricing does not induce innovation, however assumed by the economic models used by IPCC for advising global climate policy. Thus, it is persuasively demonstrated by the author that these schemes are doomed to failure and room and resources need to be created for more effective and just climate politics. The book’s conclusion is based on economic arguments, complementing the critique of political scientists. This book is written for a broad audience interested in climate policy eager to understand why decarbonizing progress is slow as it is. It marks a significant addition to the literature on climate politics, carbon pricing and the political economy of the environment more broadly. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

The volume, dedicated to the 44th International Conference of the Italian Union for Drawing, investigates the theme of ‘Transitions’, which particularly effectively represents our time and the current condition of the discipline of Drawing. The term, beyond its generic meaning of an intermediate stage in a process in which a condition changes from one state to another, has always been used in various fields, from music to geophysics. In fact, the disciplines of drawing have always been confronted with themes and issues relating to transitions from one condition to another. The history of representation tells us of transformations, even epochal ones, relating to ‘drawing’, with all that such transitions entail: suffice it to think of the evolution of forms of representation, of instrumental apparatuses, of the mutability of supports, of the analogical-digital transition underway, of the new modes of communication on platforms, of the hypertrophic offer of images also on the net that confirms Guy Debord’s intuitions relating to the new spectacularisation of society. Similarly, representation triggers transitions in the prefiguration and communication of design, the anticipation and foreshadowing of future events.The challenges posed by the digital pose open questions whose scope can only be glimpsed, such as the relationship between drawing and the act of modelling, and the construction of new paradigms of visual language and communication. ‘Transitions’, almost implicitly, points to possible futures, the evolution of technique and the search for new modes of expression; at the same time, however, it can suggest silences and reflections in a process of connection between history, theory, criticism and construction.

Unbroken Nostalgia: Haitian Kreyòl Poetry in Cuba is the first English translation and scholarly edition of the collection Nostalji san pwen ni vigil: pwezi kreyòl nan peyi Kiba (2016) by Hilario Batista Félix. A poet, journalist, and language activist, Batista (1955– ) embodies and expresses Cuba’s cultural and linguistic diversity as a descendant of Haitian migrant workers to Eastern Cuba during the mid-twentieth century; his poems bridge regions usually separated by language—the Spanish and Creolophone/Francophone Caribbean—and vividly depict the distinct heritage of Haitian Cubans and their shared dreams and challenges. A scholarly introduction by translator and editor Mariana F. Past provides biographical information about the author, situates his work within Haitian diasporic literature, and addresses patterns of Haitian migration to Cuba. Batista’s original poems appear alongside facing-page English translations with annotations that clarify historical figures and events, geographical features, and Haitian cultural and religious practices. Grounded in oral storytelling traditions, Unbroken Nostalgia brings to light the collective memory and complicated hybridity of the Haitian community in Cuba and upholds Haitian Kreyòl as a language of resistance.

Literature and Disability introduces readers to the field of disability studies and the ways in which a focus on issues of impairment and the representation of disability can provide new approaches to reading and writing about literary texts. Disability plays a central role in much of the most celebrated literature, yet it is only in recent years that literary criticism has begun to consider the aesthetic, ethical and literary challenges that this poses. The author explores: key debates and issues in disability studies today different forms of impairment, with the aim of showing the diversity and ambiguity of the term "disability" the intersection between literary critical approaches to disability and feminist, post-colonial, and autobiographical writing genre and representations of disability in relation to literary forms including novels, short stories, poems, plays and life writing This volume provides students and academics with an accessible overview of literary critical approaches to disability representation.

Metal fused filament fabrication (MF3) with metal-filled filaments is an indirect process that uses polymeric binders for additive shaping of green bodies. These are processed into solid metal parts after debinding and sintering. Due to the filament-based shaping, this process can be used for the additive manufacturing of all sinterable powder materials requiring low investment costs. The MF3 process could thus provide a cost-effective and material-flexible alternative to powder bed fusion (PBF) manufacturing of small metallic components with complex shapes. To enable a successful process application, parameter optimization as well as the selection of the furnace atmosphere for each individual process step is crucial to achieve a high final density. In this context, the applied parameters have a significant influence on the microstructure and the functional and mechanical properties of the manufactured components. It is the aim of this work to identify suitable parameter sets for the individual process steps and to evaluate the applicability of MF3 for AM of various high-value metal alloys. This includes a general parameter optimization for each step of the entire process chain of shaping, debinding and sintering, independently of the processed metal powder. Based on the general process implementation, systematic parameter studies were performed for 316L, Ampersint 1557.02, cp-Ti, IN 718, CoWAlloy3mod, and 99 % pure Cu to derive the best processing strategies for each of these metals. Das Metallextrusionsverfahren (engl. metal fused filament fabrication (MF3)) unter Verwendung metallgefüllter Filamente ist ein indirektes Verfahren, das polymere Bindemittel für die additive Formgebung von Grünkörpern verwendet, aus denen nach dem Entbindern und Sintern kompakte Metallteile hergestellt werden. Aufgrund der filamentbasierten Formgebung kann dieses Verfahren für die additive Fertigung aller sinterfähigen Pulverwerkstoffe bei geringen Investitionskosten eingesetzt werden. Das MF3-Verfahren stellt somit eine kostengünstige und werkstoffflexible Alternative zu Pulverbettverfahren für kleine metallische Bauteile komplexer Geometrie dar. Für eine erfolgreiche Prozessanwendung sind eine Parameteroptimierung sowie die Wahl der Ofenatmosphäre für jeden einzelnen Prozessschritt entscheidend, um eine hohe Enddichte zu erreichen. In diesem Zusammenhang haben die angewandten Parameter einen wesentlichen Einfluss auf die Mikrostruktur und die funktionellen und mechanischen Eigenschaften der hergestellten Bauteile. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, geeignete Parametersätze für die einzelnen Prozessschritte zu identifizieren und die Anwendbarkeit von MF3 für verschiedene hochwertige Metalllegierungen zu bewerten. Dies beinhaltet eine generelle Parameteroptimierung jedes Schrittes der gesamten Prozesskette von Formgebung, Entbindern und Sintern, unabhängig vom verarbeiteten Metallpulver. Auf der Grundlage der allgemeinen Prozessimplementierung werden systematische Parameterstudien für 316L, Ampersint 1557.02, cp-Ti, IN 718, CoWAlloy3mod und 99 % reines Cu durchgeführt, um die besten Verarbeitungsstrategien für jedes dieser Metalle abzuleiten.

This open access proceedings presents new approaches to Machine Learning for Cyber-Physical Systems, experiences and visions. It contains some selected papers from the international Conference ML4CPS – Machine Learning for Cyber-Physical Systems, which was held in Hamburg (Germany), March 29th to 31st, 2023. Cyber-physical systems are characterized by their ability to adapt and to learn: They analyze their environment and, based on observations, they learn patterns, correlations and predictive models. Typical applications are condition monitoring, predictive maintenance, image processing and diagnosis. Machine Learning is the key technology for these developments. This is an open access book.

The Yearbook aims to promote research, studies and writings in the field of international law in Asia, as well as to provide an intellectual platform for the discussion and dissemination of Asian views and practices on contemporary international legal issues. Readership: All interested in International Law and Asian Law.

Seit Jahrhunderten gibt es den Wunsch, das komplexe Gefüge des Gehirns und der Denkprozesse zu formalisieren. Hannah Fitsch geht der Geschichte dieses Wunsches nach, indem sie mit Hilfe des Begriffs der Mathematisierung der Wahrnehmung die Geschichte der mathematischen Logik und der Übersetzungsprozesse in binäre/informatische Technologien nachzeichnet. Sie stellt dar, wie Methoden und Modelle aus der Mathematik und der Informatik Eingang in die Hirnforschung, in die Ideen des Denkens und in das Konzept des freien Willens gefunden haben. Aus einer feministisch informierten Science-and-Technology-Studies-Perspektive nähert sie sich der Mathematisierung des Blicks und der Wahrnehmung und stellt Fragen nach der Betrachtungsweise der Mensch/Maschine-Parallelen.

Optical physics

Pädagogisch-psychologische und fachspezifische Überzeugungen von Lehrkräften sind entscheidende Faktoren bei der Gestaltung von unterrichtlichen Lehr- Lern-Prozessen und rücken insbesondere seit den 1990er Jahren in den Fokus bildungswissenschaftlicher und fachdidaktischer Forschung und Lehre. Weil Überzeugungen in vielfältigen Zusammenhängen der (fachdidaktischen) Profession(alisierung)sforschung untersucht werden, sind die zugrundeliegenden Konstrukte und deren Bezeichnungen trotz gemeinsamer Schnittmengen unterschiedlich: Vorstellungen, Orientierungen, Deutungsmuster, subjektive Theorien, Beliefs oder Concepts sind nur einige gängige Bezeichnungen. Die Beiträge des vorliegenden Bandes zielen darauf, je eine genaue Bestimmung und theoretische Einordnung der Konstrukte vorzunehmen sowie Forschungsbefunde aus verschiedenen Disziplinen (unterschiedliche Fachdidaktiken sowie Bildungswissenschaften) zu versammeln.

In an original and rigorous book, Elena Merlino examines the category of space in a little-studied corpus of tragic texts situated in a crucial period for the genesis of the so-called New Comedy. The works of Juan de la Cueva, Cristóbal de Virués, and Lupercio Leonardo de Argensola—pre-Lopean playwrights who represent the earliest phases of the Spanish Golden Age comedy—are explored primarily from a performative perspective. This approach makes it possible to highlight not only phenomena of transition and scenic experimentation, but also the relationship between visible and non-visible spaces—both equally essential to the development of the plot—and the strategies used to construct and articulate stage and dramatic space. By applying a method of textual segmentation that combines the semiological analysis of the theatrical text with theoretical reflection on stage segmentation and spatial articulation, the study reconstructs the theatrical and stagecraft resources that would later become recurring elements of Golden Age theatre, revealing these playwrights’ keen attention to the spectacular dimension of their works.

In ‘I Succeeded Once’ – The Aboriginal Protectorate on the Mornington Peninsula, 1839-1840, Marie Fels makes the work of William Thomas accessible to anthropologists, archaeologists, historians and the descendants of the Aboriginal people he wrote about. More importantly, people who live, work, study, holiday or just have a general interest in the area from Melbourne to Point Nepean can learn about the original inhabitants who walked the land before it was cleared for agriculture and urban development. Of course, development of the Mornington Peninsula is ongoing and this book will help those involved in development or the management of Aboriginal cultural heritage to identify, document and protect Aboriginal places that may not be identifiable through archaeological investigations alone. Marie Fels supplements Thomas’s writings with other contemporary accounts and her exhaustive historical research sheds new light on critical events and the significant places of the Boon Wurrung people. Of particular importance is the critical review of information about the kidnapping of Boon Wurrung people from the Mornington Peninsula. Winner of the Best Community Research, Register, Records at the Community History Awards by the Royal Historical Society of Victoria and the Public Record Office of Victoria in 2011.