Humanities & Social Sciences

The Allegheny Pilot, first published in 1855, is an early travel guide to western Pennsylvania’s rivers and navigable waterways, complete with detailed maps, notes, and charts. Originally written for lumber raftsmen and even considered to be the “Lumberman’s Bible,” it remains an important document on the original path of the Allegheny and its tributaries, which have since been changed by the construction of the Kinzua Dam and other man-made alterations to the landscape. The book benefits not only from Babbitt’s own knowledge, experience, and research on the Allegheny, but also from his having “spent much time in conversing with many of the oldest settlers along the river, collecting from them, orally, many historical facts besides those pertaining to the navigation of the river.” The Allegheny Pilot is a fascinating look at a transient historical landscape in a time when the beginnings of modern industrialization began to push westward across the state’s frontiers, irrevocably changing them.

The causes of polarization existing in Polish society are multifaceted, and cannot be easily elucidated using ordinary demographic variables alone. The collaborative research initiative of linguists and media scholars is therefore not accidental: language is the primary vehicle of communication, and communication constitutes the modus operandi of social existence. Without language, which functions as a cohesive force (a “glue”) of society, any society would be unable to organize itself or sustain in its complexity. In this volume, language serves as both the object of study and the tool utilized for research purposes. The analysis of language utilized by various social actors provides insight into the social processes unfolding within a society.

This book is about how we make choices. Drawing together evidence from 21st century chemistry to Victorian politics, enlightenment philosophy, Roman drama and beyond, it is a compelling hunt for the nature of free will.

Without question, the East German National People’s Army was a profoundly masculine institution, not simply in terms of its overwhelmingly male makeup but in the traditional ideals of stoicism, sacrifice, and physical courage that it sought to exemplify. Nonetheless, as this innovative study of the army’s cultural representations demonstrates, depictions of the military in East German film and literature were far more nuanced and ambivalent. Departing from past studies that have found in such depictions an unchanging, idealized masculinity, Representing the East German Soldier shows how cultural works both before and after reunification portrayed violence, physical vulnerability, military theatricality, and the powerful emotions and desires of conscripts to explore a surprisingly wide range of complex and contested masculinities.

Slavic languages

The EIB Group has been measuring and managing the environmental impact of its operations since 2007. In that time we have grown to meet the needs of European citizens (and beyond) by providing sustainable finance to tackle Climate change across the globe. In 2019 the EIB Group has improved its Carbon footprint and reduced emissions resulting from its internal operations. In 2019, the relative carbon footprint per employee fell by 6.0% to 5.41 tCO2e per employee. At the same time, the Group’s total net carbon footprint decreased by 4.4% to 21,434 tCO2e. This reduction is mostly driven by a decrease in business travel, commuting and data centres (Green IT).

How can one imagine the emergence and development of a scientific discipline? Can it be compared to the growth of a tree in the forest, which at first grows from tender beginnings and under the umbrella of the big ones, gaining strength and girth in order to finally be able to assert its place and habitat, dependent on the sustained supply of vital substances and symbioses, on an environment appropriate to it, yet always endangered by competition and unforeseeable misfortunes? It is certain that the "tree of knowledge", the science of the forest and its relations to the natural and social environment, had already left the juvenile stage behind it when a second Prussian forestry school opened its doors as a school of sustainability in Hann. Münden in 1868. The focus was on training forestry administrators for service in northern, central and western Germany. However, even in the early phase of the Forestry Academy, the teachers were called to Münden as scientists, primarily to clarify day-to-day questions of forest management in coordination with practice.Using the example of the Münden Forestry Academy, from which the Göttingen Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology was later to emerge, this volume provides a look at the development of the professional foundations and the formation of forestry science. He describes the content of research in its dependence on factors from practice, science, politics and society. Also of interest is the question of what influence the fear of closure of the institution had on research strategy programmes during the period under study and how the unity of the faculty was preserved. Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)

This open access book constitutes refereed proceedings of the Third Conference on Silicon Valley Cybersecurity Conference, SVCC 2022, held as virtual event, in August 17–19, 2022. The 8 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 10 submissions. The contributions are divided into the following thematic blocks: Malware Analysis; Blockchain and Smart Contracts; Remote Device Assessment. This is an open access book.

This open access book focuses on processing, modeling, and visualization of anisotropy information, which are often addressed by employing sophisticated mathematical constructs such as tensors and other higher-order descriptors. It also discusses adaptations of such constructs to problems encountered in seemingly dissimilar areas of medical imaging, physical sciences, and engineering. Featuring original research contributions as well as insightful reviews for scientists interested in handling anisotropy information, it covers topics such as pertinent geometric and algebraic properties of tensors and tensor fields, challenges faced in processing and visualizing different types of data, statistical techniques for data processing, and specific applications like mapping white-matter fiber tracts in the brain. The book helps readers grasp the current challenges in the field and provides information on the techniques devised to address them. Further, it facilitates the transfer of knowledge between different disciplines in order to advance the research frontiers in these areas. This multidisciplinary book presents, in part, the outcomes of the seventh in a series of Dagstuhl seminars devoted to visualization and processing of tensor fields and higher-order descriptors, which was held in Dagstuhl, Germany, on October 28–November 2, 2018.

This unique and timely book follows the experiences of four Arabic teenagers, their families and their community, focusing on the role of literacy in their daily lives and the differences between home and school. The author looks at the conflict between expectations and practices at school and in the home, arguing that problems are inevitable where class and cultural differences exist. Emerging themes include: how literacy practices in the community are undergoing rapid change due to global developments in technology how the patterns of written and spoken language in English and Arabic in the home are linked with social practices in logical and coherent ways how many of the family practices that differ from school culture and language become marginalised. Built around these insightful case studies yet grounded in theory, this book is of immediate relevance to teachers working in multicultural contexts and students and lecturers in language/literacy or on TESOL courses.

This edited volume, Social Work – Perspectives on Leadership and Organisation, presents a variety of perspectives and reflections from social work theories and practice on how to manage, lead and organize social work in different parts of the world. The authors share their experiences and knowledge from a variety of perspectives, focusing on education, practice, user participation, leading social work with responsibility for handling different ethical dilemmas, and organizing a sustainable and healthy work-life for both staff members and their clients. Global collaboration enables reflection on social work leadership and organization from different professional perspectives and organizational levels. The book addresses students, politicians, lecturers and researchers, practitioners, users, relatives and others who are interested in social work and want to improve their understanding of social work leadership and organization from an international perspective.

Presenting an unprecedented, integrated view of migration in North America, this interdisciplinary collection of essays illuminates the movements of people within and between Canada, the Caribbean, Mexico, and the United States over the past two centuries. Several essays discuss recent migrations from Central America as well. In the introduction, Dirk Hoerder provides a sweeping historical overview of North American societies in the Atlantic world. He also develops and advocates what he and Nora Faires call “transcultural societal studies,” an interdisciplinary approach to migration studies that combines migration research across disciplines and at the local, regional, national, and transnational levels. The contributors examine the movements of diverse populations across North America in relation to changing cultural, political, and economic patterns.

When artists, scientists, and designers unite they create new ways of thinking and alternative paths to problem solving. The first book to trace the story of British "organic modernism", this ground-breaking open access study tells the story of a collective culture of artists, scientists, and designers in 20th century united by a holistic understanding of the organic world and devoted to collaboration, cooperation, and cross-pollination of the arts and biological sciences. Tracing how artists, scientists, and designers cooperated in various capacities from the Great Depression to postwar cybernetics, this book follows the evolution of philosophical organicism from the British Bauhaus, modern architecture, and surrealism; through to post-war socialism, the welfare state, epigenetics, biology-based art exhibitions; robotic art and design, cybernetics and ecology in art. Reacting against blunt reductionism, organic modernists implemented organicist and emergentist philosophies in scientific labs, design studios, and art ateliers, embracing complexity to solve problems in various scales and arenas, from cells to socialism. Their actions offer a template for finding meaningful agency and problem solving in today's world fraught by global climate disaster, ever-expanding economic inequalities, and backsliding democracy A sequel to Terranova's Art as Organism: Biology and the Evolution of the Digital Image (2016), Organic Modernism reveals the biological roots of cybernetics in the British context. The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by the Edith O'Donnell Institute of Art History.

Widmer sheds light on a neglected aspect of the Western philosophical tradition. Following an era of Hegelianism, the members of the neo-Kantian "Marburg School," such as Friedrich Albert Lange, Hermann Cohen, Rudolf Stammler, Paul Natorp, and Ernst Cassirer defended socialism or left-wing ideals on Kantian principles. In doing so, Widmer breaks with two mistaken assumptions. First, Widmer demonstrates that the left-Hegelian and Marxist traditions were not the only significant philosophical sources of socialist critique in nineteenth-century Germany, as the left-Kantians identified problems of normativity that the left-Hegelians could not adequately address. Second, Widmer challenges the prevailing assumption that the political philosophies developed in the Marburg School can be comprehensively characterized as a unified school of "ethical socialism." By showing that they varied fundamentally regarding their political views and their philosophical foundations of socialism, Widmer fills a gap in the studies of neo-Kantianism that is long overdue. ; Widmer sheds light on a neglected aspect of the Western philosophical tradition. Following an era of Hegelianism, the members of the neo-Kantian "Marburg School," such as Friedrich Albert Lange, Hermann Cohen, Rudolf Stammler, Paul Natorp, and Ernst Cassirer defended socialism or left-wing ideals on Kantian principles. In doing so, Widmer breaks with two mistaken assumptions. First, Widmer demonstrates that the left-Hegelian and Marxist traditions were not the only significant philosophical sources of socialist critique in nineteenth-century Germany, as the left-Kantians identified problems of normativity that the left-Hegelians could not adequately address. Second, Widmer challenges the prevailing assumption that the political philosophies developed in the Marburg School can be comprehensively characterized as a unified school of "ethical socialism." By showing that they varied fundamentally regarding their political views and their philosophical foundations of socialism, Widmer fills a gap in the studies of neo-Kantianism that is long overdue.

This book presents a selection of survey and evaluation instruments for recording relevant facets of institutional (written) language education. The seven methods focus on different aspects of language education as well as language and reading promotion in day-care centres and schools and address different target groups (educational professionals, teachers, children). The instruments, which were developed within the framework of the initiative "Bildung durch Sprache und Schrift" (BiSS), are primarily for research purposes, but can also be used in the training and further education of educational specialists and teachers. An online appendix provides the instruments as well as all necessary materials.