Humanities & Social Sciences

Digitale Technologien aus den Bereichen Internet der Dinge, cyber-physische Produktionssysteme, Cloud und künstliche Intelligenz eröffnen der Fertigungsindustrie neue Potenziale zur Produkt- und Prozessoptimierung. Mit der Digitalisierung streben Unternehmen nicht nur danach, die klassischen Zielparameter Zeit, Qualität und Kosten zu verbessern, sondern auch die Flexibilität und Reaktionsfähigkeit im Hinblick auf neue Geschäftsmodelle und externe Einflüsse zu erhöhen. Die vollständige digitale Transformation im Produktionsumfeld, die durch eine heterogene Anlagen- und Systemlandschaft gekennzeichnet ist, erfordert sowohl einen technischen als auch einen kulturellen Wandel. Aufgrund sich rasch entwickelnder Technologien sind Unternehmen und ihre Mitarbeiter neben der Aufrechterhaltung der Kernproduktionsprozesse gefordert, zusätzlich eine hohe Veränderungsbereitschaft sowie die Fähigkeit zur Anpassung und Innovation vorzuweisen. Die inhärente soziale und technische Komplexität der digitalen Transformation stellt die Fertigungsindustrie vor Herausforderungen. Gegenstand und Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, ein methodenbasiertes Vorgehensmodell zu definieren, das den komplexen Transformationsprozess umfassend und anwendungsagnostisch abbildet. Die Formulierung eines integrierten Prozessmodells und dessen methodische Ausgestaltung zielen auf die Lösung praktischer Problemmerkmale im Bereich der Digitalisierung ab. Der beschriebene Lösungsansatz wird in verschiedenen industriellen Anwendungsszenarien validiert. Die erfolgreiche Realisierung von sechs digitalen Lösungen aus den Technologiebereichen Internet der Dinge, Datenanalyse und Cloud Computing beweist die Richtigkeit und Anwendbarkeit der Methodik, deren Spezifikation eine Implementierungsgrundlage für Informationssysteme zur Digitalisierung von Fertigungsunternehmen schafft.

This open access book offers something for everyone working with market segmentation: practical guidance for users of market segmentation solutions; organisational guidance on implementation issues; guidance for market researchers in charge of collecting suitable data; and guidance for data analysts with respect to the technical and statistical aspects of market segmentation analysis. Even market segmentation experts will find something new, including a vast array of useful visualisation techniques that make interpretation of market segments and selection of target segments easier. All calculations are accompanied not only with a detailed explanation, but also with R code that allows readers to replicate any aspect of what is being covered in the book using R, the open-source environment for statistical computing and graphics.

Die Südosteuropa-Jahrbücher werden von der in München ansässigen Südosteuropa-Gesellschaft, der wichtigsten Wissenschaftsorganisation der Südosteuropa-Forschung im deutschsprachigen Raum, herausgegeben. Sie geben die Tagungsergebnisse der jährlich in Kooperation mit der Akademie für Politische Bildung in Tutzing stattfindenden Internationalen Hochschulwoche der Südosteuropa-Gesellschaft wieder. Die Bände bieten umfassende analytische Grundlagen aus interdisziplinärer Perspektive. Herausgeber der Einzelbände sind renommierte Repräsentanten der deutschen und internationalen Südosteuropa-Forschung.

The true incidence of histoplasmosis remains difficult to ascertain due to the lack of mandatory notification of the disease, resulting in an underestimation of its actual burden. Given the high mortality rate, especially for disseminated forms in immunocompromised patients, we must remain vigilant against fungal disease. This book, born out of a deep desire to expand our knowledge of this fungal disease and update the latest findings, is intended to assist clinicians in recognizing and effectively managing histoplasmosis, especially those who live outside endemic areas and are less familiar with this pathology. With the latest insights into epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic approaches for both immunocompetent and immunodeficient patients, this comprehensive volume provides infectious disease specialists, pulmonologists, and laboratory physicians with the tools they need to optimize the management of histoplasmosis.

Raoul Wallenberg: Life and Legacy examines important events in the life of the Swedish diplomat, but this is not a traditional biography. Starting from Wallenberg’s time in Budapest during 1944–1945, the book analyses how Wallenberg went from being a highly sensitive topic in Swedish politics to becoming a personification of humanitarian effort during the Holocaust, as well as a ‘brand’ in Swedish foreign politics. Fictional portrayals of Wallenberg are another essential feature. Looking at the many ways in which his life has been represented in monuments, on opera stages, in a television serial, and in a feature film, it becomes apparent that scholarly historical perspectives have not set the agenda for engagement with Wallenberg. Finally, this study raises a vital issue: how can Wallenberg’s memory be kept alive as the distance to those events with which he was so powerfully connected recede into the background?

Lope de Vega, Tirso de Molina, Secretary comedy, Intertextuality, Seventeenth-century Italian theatre.

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This open access book examines the impact of political leadership on agricultural transformation to understand why cases of successful agricultural transformation are so rare in the developing world. It highlights the importance of leadership and its interaction with the socio-political system as a key factor impacting agricultural transformation. The book takes a first step in systematically exploring commonalities in the role played by the political leadership in successful and less successful agricultural transformations, drawing from an analysis of Taiwan, Ethiopia, the Philippines, and Malawi. This book provides a deeper understanding of leadership dynamics, facilitating the work of unlocking new pathways to, and generating new policy options for, sustainable and impactful agricultural change. It will be relevant to students, researchers, and policymakers interested in agricultural economics, the political economy, and development economics.

When millions of Syrians fled civil war after 2011, international donors and humanitarian organizations mobilized to provide assistance to neighboring countries. Focusing on Jordan—one of the world’s largest refugee hosting states— Disease and Diplomacy investigates how medical aid to refugees operates as an instrument of diplomacy and control within the global refugee system. It argues that health, far from being an apolitical humanitarian good, is a bargaining tool that states commodify to extract resources and concessions. Drawing on years of field research, interviews, and policy analysis, the book shows how the Jordanian government, international donors, and humanitarian agencies turned healthcare for refugees into a tool for negotiating power, resources, and responsibility. In these cases, refugees, caught within these negotiations, often found their access to care determined not by medical need, but by political calculation. Developing the concept of the weaponization of medical aid, the book extends theories of migration diplomacy and refugee rentierism to show how global power dynamics shape who receives healthcare. The analysis identifies a self-reinforcing “crisis loop” that privileges short-term, highly visible responses while neglecting chronic and long-term needs. Disease and Diplomacy advances an interdisciplinary framework for understanding how humanitarian practices reinforce global inequalities and argues for more equitable approaches to refugee health and responsibility-sharing in the international system.

Since the central centuries of the Middle Ages the sacrament of penance became one of the central aspects of religious life and Christian practice. To help the clergy tasked with pastoral care in listening penitents’ confessions manuals were penned, which are to this day not much studied. The analysis of one of these texts, the De modo audiendi confessiones of Heinrich Lur, canon in the cathedral of Trento around the half of the fifteenth century, is the occasion to reflect on what in the late Middle Ages revolved around the administration of sacramental penance, in regards to theology and canon law as well as pastoral care.

Im Spannungsfeld von Industrie und Handel vermitteln Handelsvertretungen nahezu die Hälfte des Inlandsumsatzes der deutschen Industrie. In jüngerer Zeit wird der Aufgabenbereich von Handelsvertretungen unter Marketingaspekten verstärkt diskutiert. Die vorliegende Arbeit strukturiert das Dienstleistungsangebot von Handelsvertretungen und arbeitet wechselseitige Meinungen und insbesondere Anforderungen der Marktpartner an das Dienstleistungs- angebot von Handelsvertretungen heraus. Die Aussagen basieren auf den Resultaten einer repräsentativen Befragung bei Industrieunternehmen, Handelsbetrieben und Handelsvertretungen.

Originally performed at London Hampstead Theatre on 3 December 2013, Howard Brenton’s Drawing the Line dramatizes the Partition of India in two distinct nation-states after the Independence in a lush production that highlights personal conflicts and deflates the genocidal implications of the event that changed the future of the Subcontinent. The essay situates Drawing the Line in the context of Brenton’s lifelong engagement with historical theatre and reflects upon the aesthetic and political significance of the marginal role assigned to violence in the drama. It argues that the play performs a postcolonial discourse on South-Asian history, in which cosmopolitan notions of Britishness, Anglo-Indian relations, and colonial rule are interrogated through an ambiguous dramatic irony that, while deploring British ineptitude in handling the Partition process, in fact represents Partition as a colossal tangle of public and private complicities which mitigates the Raj’s responsibilities and tacitly subscribes to a consolatory determinism.

The Fourth industrial Revolution (4IR) is forcing higher education (HE) into a new era where it must either actively and positively contribute to innovation, sustainability, and development or become obsolete and redundant. HE must leave its ivory tower and forge links and partnerships with society, industry, and governing bodies by delivering graduates that are holistically educated and trained to bring positive innovation and change and to address the challenges that humanity is facing in the 21st century.

»Ending Slavery« offers insights into the »how« of practices of slavery that persist in parts of Mauritania up to the present day. It brings to the light the gendered structures of Moorish slavery, and examines their impact on strategies and tactics designed to bring this institution to an end. Underlying this study is empirical data gathered during two periods of field research in rural central Mauritania. The analysis of life histories of slaves and freed slaves, but also of tributaries and free Moors plays a key role in the book.

Construction industry is suffering from low productivity rate in various projects such as excavation. Although this issue is discussed in literature and several approaches are proposed to address it, productivity rate is still low in construction industry compared to other domains like manufacturing. A gamified platform in which different operators from different organizations can share their achievements, or can get scored and ranked in a leader-board will potentially address this issue.