Humanities & Social Sciences

In ONTO 08 gaan we andermaal in op het ontwerpproces van een architectuurstudio. We trachten daarbij de nadruk te leggen op de stappen die in het ontstaan van het ontwerp gezet worden. Dat proces is bijzonder door de specifieke methode die er gevolgd wordt. Het appelleert rechtstreeks aan het ambacht van de discipline: tekenen en maken van schaalmodellen. Die handelingen worden methodisch ingezet om bestaande gebouwen te onderzoeken en te leren begrijpen. De resultaten van dit onderzoek vormen ook meteen de basis van het ontwerp in een hercompositie van de bestaande voorbeelden. De studenten worden bij de hand genomen en uitgedaagd om de relatie tussen originaliteit en ontwerpen te herdenken. Niet hun geniale unieke input, maar geaffecteerd kijken, hertekenen en hermaken liggen aan de basis van hun creatieve proces. Naar de vorm sluit deze ONTO-publicatie aan bij de oorspronkelijke traditie: een publicatie over ontwerpend onderzoek die eerder focust op beeld dan op tekst – of waarbij op zijn minst aan de beelden evenveel zeggingskracht wordt gegeven als aan de tekst. Via tekeningen en foto’s van maquettes wordt het narratief van het ontwerpproces ontwikkeld. Daarbij vormen de verschillende handelingen in de ontwerpstudio evenzeer het verhaal als de reflecties erover. Deze ONTO wijst bovendien op het belang van de vervlechting tussen architectuurpraktijk en pedagogiek. De bouwpraktijk en ontwerpmethode van de Eagles of Architecture wordt een op een vertaald in een pedagogische methode. De ervaring uit het veld voedt de academische methode die tegelijkertijd een reflectie op de praktijk is. Practice what you preach.

Die industrielle Gebäudefertigung bietet aufgrund des hohen Automatisierungsgrades und der damit einhergehenden Vorteile, wie beispielsweise kürzere Bauzeiten, geringeren Arbeitskräftebedarf sowie Steigerung der Qualität, ein hohes Potenzial zur Schaffung von vergleichsweise kostengünstigem Wohnraum. Allerdings erfolgt auch hier, wie derzeit im Massivhausbau, der Einbau des Gewerkes Heizung überwiegend manuell, begleitet durch einen teilweise sehr hohen Einsatz materieller Ressourcen. Das Gesamtziel der Arbeit war die Entwicklung eines Wandflächenheizsystems, welches während der Fertighausherstellung automatisiert in die Wandmodule integriert werden kann. Die Lösung zur Umsetzung der Anforderungen ist eine direkt auf die Oberfläche des Baustoffes integrierte, elektrisch betriebenen Wandflächenheizung. Die Durchführung erfolgte mit der kaltaktiven Plasmabeschichtungstechnik (CAPM), welche den automatisierten Auftrag einer elektrisch leitenden Struktur auf Oberflächen einer Vielzahl an Materialien erlaubt. In einer Parameterstudie konnte ein geeignetes Setup gefunden werden, um elektrisch leitende Strukturen mittels CAPM-Prozess fertigen zu können. Die Charakterisierung des Schichtverbundes zeigte einerseits, dass die Kupferpartikel eine dauerhafte Verbindung mit der Gipskartonoberfläche eingehen, während andererseits die Funktionsfähigkeit des Flächenheizsystems anhand von thermischen Untersuchungen nachgewiesen werden konnte. Durch die Untersuchung der elektrischen, thermischen sowie mechanischen Eigenschaften des Flächenheizsystems unter definierten Umwelteinflüssen konnte die Langzeitzuverlässigkeit, der mittels CAPM hergestellter Wandflächenheizungen, erfolgreich dargelegt werden. Mit Hilfe von Behaglichkeitsmessungen wurde in einem eigens errichteten Demonstrationshaus eine ideale thermische Behaglichkeit des Heizsystems objektiv belegt. Ebenso konnte die Integration des Beschichtungsprozesses in bestehende Fertigungslinien zur Herstellung von Fertighäusern innerhalb einer theoretischen Analyse bestätigt werden. Die Wirtschaftlichkeitsbetrachtung zeigt die Konkurrenzfähigkeit der plasmagenerierten Wandflächenheizung zu derzeit am Markt verbauten Systemen auf.

Innovation is often presented as one of the main catalysts for more sustainable and inclusive development. In the agricultural and food sectors, innovation is characterized not only by specificities arising from its relationship to nature, but also from the wide diversity of its stakeholders, ranging from farmers to consumers, and including intermediaries such as the research community and advisory services. Innovation emerges from interactions between these actors, who mobilize resources and produce knowledge in collaborative mechanisms in order to generate changes. It encompasses domains as varied as production practices, market organization, and eating habits. Innovation is closely tied to major development challenges in its various forms: agroecological innovation, social innovation, territorial innovation, etc. This book casts a look at innovation in agricultural and food systems. It focuses in particular on supporting innovation, by examining methods and organizations, and on evaluating innovation using different yardsticks. The book is based on reflections and research originating from various scientific disciplines, on fieldwork carried out both in France and in many countries of the Global South, and finally on the experiences gained by accompanying and supporting innovative actors. It combines theoretical contributions on innovation with iconic case studies to illustrate its observations and discussions. This book is intended for teachers, professionals, students, and researchers.

The present volume is a broad overview of methods and methodologies in linguistics, illustrated with examples from concrete research. It collects insights gained from a broad range of linguistic sub-disciplines, ranging from core disciplines to topics in cross-linguistic and language-internal diversity or to contributions towards language, space and society. Given its critical and innovative nature, the volume is a valuable source for students and researchers of a broad range of linguistic interests.

If a debtor and creditor agree that a claim may not be assigned (a so-called pactum de non cedendo), any assignment made in breach of this agreement is, under current Swiss law, generally considered invalid. Such clauses are common in contractual practice. They serve to protect the debtor from a potential deterioration of his position following an assignment. However, they also significantly hinder receivables-based corporate financing, which relies on the free transferability of claims. This study examines whether the Swiss legal framework governing the pactum de non cedendo remains appropriate in light of contemporary commercial needs. It analyses the interests of all parties affected by an assignment, situates the pactum within the broader system of restrictions on assignability, and compares the Swiss approach to that of foreign legal systems and international instruments. The study concludes with a concrete legislative reform proposal.

Eszter Szép’s Comics and the Body is the first book to examine the roles of the body in both drawing and reading comics within a single framework. With an explicit emphasis on the ethical dimensions of bodily vulnerability, Szép takes her place at the forefront of scholars examining comics as embodied experiences, pushing this line of inquiry into bold new territory. Focusing on graphic autobiography and reportage, she argues that the bodily performances of creators and readers produce a dialogue that requires both parties to experience and engage with vulnerability, thus presenting a crucial opportunity for ethical encounters between artist and reader. Szép considers visceral representations of bulimia, pregnancy, the effects of STIs, the catastrophic injuries of war, and more in the works of Lynda Barry, Ken Dahl, Katie Green, Miriam Katin, and Joe Sacco. She thus extends comics theory into ethical and psychological territory that finds powerful intersections and resonances with the studies of affect, trauma, gender, and reader response.

Philosophy; History

Die Arbeit befasst sich mit Abweichungen vom Deutschen Corporate Governance Kodex und von § 161 AktG als Pflichtverletzung im Sinne der Untreue und soll insbesondere zur Klärung der Rechtsnatur dieses aktiengesellschaftsrechtlichen Regulierungsinstruments, welches in unserer Rechtsordnung seinesgleichen sucht, beitragen. Aus strafrechtlicher Perspektive ganz in den Mittelpunkt gerückt wird hierbei das Pflichtverletzungsmerkmal des § 266 StGB im Kontext der Organuntreue, welche Rechtsprechung und Wissenschaft zunehmend beschäftigt. Vertieft nachgegangen wird dabei der Frage, inwieweit der Untreuetatbestand zivilrechtsakzessorisch ist. Außerdem wird untersucht, ob jeder Verstoß gegen die aus §§ 93 Abs. 1 S. 1, 116 S. 1 AktG folgende Legalitätspflicht der Organmitglieder von Aktiengesellschaften auch eine Pflichtverletzung im Sinne der Untreue darstellt.

Convivia is a journal that is interested in thinking what architectonics is or could be in the twenty-first century. Pre-specific to architecture, architectonics deals with the real in an abstract, yet edifying manner. Under architectonics, the indeterminacy brought by contemporary science is assumed as a liberation from ontological and epistemological principles, and welcomed as a fortunate occasion to understand and embrace the stating of any principle as an ‘art’ in itself—autonomous, yet not automatic or autarkic. Architectonic deals with the real in terms of a communicational physics, through articulations that are concrete yet reasoned in abstractive and projective manners. The journal aims to set the table for a series of banquets—of convivia—in which courses do not respond to mere needs or inconsequential delights of ‘consumption’. We focus on architectonic alloys of necessities and contingencies: necessities are bounded by contingencies, and contingencies are engendered through ‘figuring out’ what is necessary. Convivia’s interest is to ‘make cases’.

In the early 1990s, Russia experienced one of the most extreme increases in mortality in modern history. Men's life expectancy dropped by six years; women's life expectancy dropped by three. Middle-aged men living in Moscow were particularly at risk of dying early deaths. While the early 1990s represent the apex of mortality, the crisis continues. Drawing on fieldwork in the capital city during 2006 and 2007, this account brings ethnography to bear on a topic that has until recently been the province of epidemiology and demography.Middle-aged Muscovites talk about being unneeded (ne nuzhny), or having little to give others. Considering this concept of "being unneeded" reveals how political economic transformation undermined the logic of social relations whereby individuals used their position within the Soviet state to give things to other people. Being unneeded is also gendered—while women are still needed by their families, men are often unneeded by state or family. Western literature on the mortality crisis focuses on a lack of social capital, often assuming that what individuals receive is most important, but being needed is more about what individuals give. Social connections—and their influence on health—are culturally specific.In Soviet times, needed people helped friends and acquaintances push against the limits of the state, crafting a sense of space and freedom. When the state collapsed, this sense of bounded freedom was compromised, and another freedom became deadly.

Rome and the Worlds Beyond Its Frontiers examines interactions between those within and those beyond the boundaries of Rome, with an eye to the question of contested identities and identity formations. Readership: All interested in the history of the Roman Empire, and its relationships with those beyond its borders.

Literary trompe-l'oeil intends to emancipate the enigmatic and distinctive figure of Hauff from his long and unjust marginalization resulting from a now outdated current of criticism, to offer a new interpretation of his Märchen for a general rereading of this modern literary caricaturist's works. On approaching his texts, one cannot but notice how they are imbued with continual and insistent, bewitching, caustic and alienating allusions, just like the Mona Lisa's smile. With a constant critical scepticism and a subtle illusionist skill, this demythologized 'budding Satan' looks at the present situation through the 'diabolic lenses' of irony, making his works a sort of literary Befreiungskrieg, in which he lays claim to a heterotopic space of free fantastic-humorist expression, along the undulating route leading from Sterne to Heine via Jean Paul.

This PhD thesis discusses the practices of wealth depositing in the 1st–9th century AD eastern Baltic (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania). Wealth deposits are one or more valued object/s that is/are hidden deliberately as an intended separate deposition in a selected place in a specific, distinguishable manner. Wealth depositing is regarded as an important cultural practice which relates to and derives from various past social phenomena and changes respectively in spatial and temporal terms. It is emphasised that wealth deposits should be analysed as a cohesive corpus of material, regardless of specific artefact types, functional groups, production material, environment of concealment, and most importantly without any predetermined interpretation categorisations. The dissertation presents different patterned practices of concealing valuables in the 1st–9th century AD eastern Baltic through a detailed contextual analysis of their main material characteristics: artefacts, their assemblages and appearance, environment of concealment, chronology and location in the cultural landscape. The study demonstrates how depositional practices change in time and space, and analyses relations between specific depositional practices and developments on a wider social scale. A comparative analysis of wealth deposits and important social changes in contemporary society based on overall archaeological material is presented. The key regional and cross-regional practices of wealth depositing in the 1st–9th century AD eastern Baltic are identified. Additionally, further comparisons are drawn between depositional practices in the eastern Baltic and other parts of the Baltic Sea region, especially Scandinavia. This thesis contributes to the discussions of concepts of value and depositional practices in a long-term and cross-regional perspective. A further aim is to look beyond the problematic ‘why?’-questions posed in the studies of wealth deposits, and move instead to more comprehensible questions of ‘how?’: how do depositional practices change in time and space, and how are these processes related to developments in a broader social context? The book contains a catalogue of all the 1st-9th century AD Eastern Baltic deposits analysed in the dissertation with descriptions of objects, environments of concealment, find circumstances, illustrations/photos and further references.

The linguistic ecology of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) is characterized by diversity. While effective communication in multilingual contexts is important during ordinary times, it becomes especially vital during a crisis such as the Coronavirus pandemic. This chapter explores linguistic inclusion and exclusion on Abu Dhabi Coronavirus safety signage. An ethnographic approach to linguistic landscaping is taken through the analysis of languages and semiotic resources used on signage in community and leisure spaces. Findings revealed a prevalence of monolingual and bilingual signage which favoured the nation’s official language, Arabic, and the nation’s de facto lingua franca, English. Whereas examples of effective trilingual signage were found, these were the exception rather than the norm. The chapter argues that greater linguistic inclusion of languages other than English and Arabic is needed to reflect Abu Dhabi’s multilingual ecology and ensure safety messages are more accessible. Raising awareness of linguistic diversity in society as well as implementing translation drives are suggested as ways to promote greater inclusion of third languages on signage during the pandemic period and beyond, as well as supporting a greater sense of belonging for linguistic minorities.

Mathematics Education, Teaching and Teacher Education, Learning and Instruction