Humanities & Social Sciences

This monograph explores the importance of weather and changing skies in early modern England while acknowledging the fact that traditional representations and religious beliefs still fashioned people’s relations to meteorological phenomena.

While the term “culture wars” often designates the heated arguments in the English-speaking world spiraling around race, the canon, and affirmative action, in fact these discussions have raged in diverse sites and languages. Race in Translation charts the transatlantic traffic of the debates within and between three zones—the U.S., France, and Brazil. Stam and Shohat trace the literal and figurative translation of these multidirectional intellectual debates, seen most recently in the emergence of postcolonial studies in France, and whiteness studies in Brazil. The authors also interrogate an ironic convergence whereby rightist politicians like Sarkozy and Cameron join hands with some leftist intellectuals like Benn Michaels, Žižek, and Bourdieu in condemning “multiculturalism” and “identity politics.” At once a report from various “fronts” in the culture wars, a mapping of the germane literatures, and an argument about methods of reading the cross-border movement of ideas, the book constitutes a major contribution to our understanding of the Diasporic and the Transnational.

Beaches are places that give and take, bringing unexpected surprises to society, and pulling essentials away from it. Through monsters, we confront our tiny time between catastrophes and develop a recognition of Otherness by which an ethical understanding of difference becomes possible. Learning to read the monster’s environmental signs often helps humans determine the scope of the monster’s place in the eco/cosmic timeline and defeat it—until the epic cycle inevitably repeats; monsters live and live and live. Even so; when humans identify and confront monsters we do so at the risk of exposing our own monstrosity. When a massive creature is pushed into human proximity by the ocean’s wide shoulders, the waves deposit and erode human assumptions about itself and its environment; words, sounds, breath, water, wind, flesh, blood, and bones wash in and out. Chance encounters reveal us to ourselves anew. When we look into the inky backs of whales, or deep into vortices, what do we see?

AI in Social Sciences Research explains how artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping social inquiry, from data collection and research design through analysis, interpretation, and theory-building. Treating AI as both a tool kit and a methodological shift, the volume offers a clear route into machine learning (ML), natural language processing (NLP), simulation, and generative AI (GAI) for social researchers while keeping ethics, bias, transparency, and interpretability in view. Designed for postgraduate students, early-career researchers, and instructors teaching digital and computational social science (CSS) methods, the book supports readers who want to use AI with methodological care, not just technical speed.

The Routledge Companion to Art and Activism in the Twenty-First Century brings together a wide range of geographical, cultural, historical, and conceptual perspectives in a single volume of new essays that facilitate a deeper understanding of the field of art activism as it stands today and as it looks towards the future. The book is a resource for multiple fields, including art activism, socially engaged art, and contemporary art, that represents the depth and breadth of contemporary activist art worldwide. Contributors highlight the predominant lines of enquiry within the field, uncover challenges faced by scholars and practitioners of activist art, and facilitate dialogue that might lead to new directions for research and practice. The editors hope that the volume will incite further conversation and collaboration among the various participants, practitioners, and researchers in the growing field of art activism. The audience includes scholars and professors of modern and contemporary art, students in both graduate and upper-level undergraduate programs, as well as artists, curators, and museum professionals. Each essay can stand on its own, making the companion a flexible resource for students and educators working in art history, museum studies, community practice/socially-engaged art, political science, sociology, and ethnic and cultural studies.

Die kritische Theorie erklärte Faschismus und autoritäres Bewusstsein aus den Widersprüchen und Krisentendenzen der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft. Die Analyse der extremen und populistischen Rechten kann an die Einsichten von Max Horkheimer, Theodor W. Adorno und Co. anknüpfen. Die Beiträge dieses Bandes rekapitulieren zentrale theoretische Überlegungen zum autoritären Charakter und zum autoritären Staat, zu Antisemitismus und Rassismus sowie zum Verhältnis von liberalem und völkischem Denken. Darüber hinaus setzen sie sich in der Tradition der kritischen Theorie mit verschiedenen Aspekten der gegenwärtigen extremen Rechten auseinander.

"After a first foresight study on ‘World food security in 2050’ (Agrimonde), CIRAD and INRA have turned their attention to a new foresight exercise on ‘Land use and food security in 2050’ (Agrimonde-Terra). This new study seeks to highlight levers that could modify ongoing land-use patterns for improved food and nutrition security. Agrimonde-Terra proposes a trend analysis on the global context, climate change, food diets, urban-rural linkages, farm structures, cropping and livestock systems, and explores five scenarios. Three scenarios entitled ‘Metropolization’, ‘Regionalization’ and ‘Households’ are based on current competing trends identified in most world regions. Two scenarios entitled ‘Healthy’ and ‘Communities’ involve potential breaks that could change the entire land use and food security system. The ‘Healthy’ scenario is the only one that makes it possible to achieve sustainable world food and nutrition security in 2050. Nevertheless, current trends in agricultural and food systems in most parts of the world converge towards the ‘Metropolization’ scenario, which is not sustainable in terms of both land use and human health. Therefore, changing the course of ongoing trends in favor of sustainable land uses and healthy food systems will be one of the main challenges of the next decades. It will require systemic transformation, strong and coherent public policies across sectors and scales, and consistent actions from a wide range of actors. This foresight provides a large information base on land uses, food systems and food security and constitutes a tool box to stimulate debates, imagine new policies and innovations. It aims to empower decision makers, stakeholders, non-governmental organizations and researchers to develop a constructive dialogue on the futures of land uses and food security at either world, regional and national levels."

Players and Arenas brings together a diverse group of experts to examine the interactions between political protestors and the many strategic players they encounter, such as cultural institutions, religious organizations, and the mass media—as well as potential allies, competitors, recruits, and funders. Discussing protestors and players as they interact within the arenas of specific social contexts, the essays show that the main constraints on what protestors can accomplish come not from social and political structures, but from other players with different goals and interests. Through a careful treatment of these situations, this volume offers a new way to approach the role of social protest in national and international politics.

In this archivally informed work, Jennifer S. Clark explores the multiple ways in which the feminist priorities of the 1970s were strengthened by women who labored in the American television industry. Carefully synthesizing an array of interviews and primary sources—from television network memos to programming schedules, production notes to executive meeting agendas—Clark tells the story of how women organized in the workplace to form collectives, affect production labor, and develop reform‑oriented policies and philosophies that reshaped television behind the screen. She urges us to consider how interventions, often at localized levels, can collectively shift the dynamics of media workplaces and the cultural products created therein. “A terrific model of feminist media historiography. Jennifer Clark expands our understanding of 1970s American television, the women’s liberation movement, and the deep connections among gender, labor, and activism while innovating new strategies to examine the media industries.” — Elana Levine, author of Her Stories: Daytime Soap Opera and US Television History “A massively important and enlightening contribution to the field, offering a nuanced treatment of industry cooperation and compromise. Clark uses rare archival findings and a wide range of cultural objects and case studies to generate fresh, bold conclusions around second-wave feminism and American television.” — Annie Berke, author of Their Own Best Creations: Women Writers in Postwar Television

Die Suche nach den gesellschaftlichen Ursachen für Kriminalität hat in der Soziologie bereits eine lange Tradition. Sie beschäftigte nicht nur die soziologischen 'Klassiker', sondern inspirierte auch eine Reihe von späteren soziologischen Arbeiten. Im 20. Jahrhundert war es vor allem die US-amerikanische Soziologie, die Kriminalität und kriminelle Handlungen thematisierte. Die aus verschiedenen theoretischen Perspektiven hervorgegangenen Untersuchungen führten zur Koexistenz einer Vielzahl von Erklärungsansätzen, die man in den vergangenen Jahren mit neuen integrativen Ansätzen zu verbinden versucht. Der Band zeichnet die Entstehung und Entwicklung der Kriminalsoziologie nach und liefert darüber hinaus eine umfassende Bestandsaufnahme der aktuellen soziologischen Zugänge zur Kriminalität.

The Invasion, a novel originally published in 1932, marked the debut of historical novelist Janet Lewis, who went on to write numerous poems and short stories as well as the novels The Wife of Martin Guerre and The Trial of Soren Quist. Lewis grew up in the Lake country of the Old Northwest and The Invasion is based on family stories she heard as a child.The Invasion displays well-researched historical accuracy, an innate understanding of and feeling for Native American culture enhanced by the author's fluency in the Ojibway language, and an economy of style that is remarkable for a first novel. In 1790, John Johnston, a cultivated young Irishman, came to the far corner of the Northwest Territory to make his fortune intending to spend only a year. Instead he married Ozhah-guscoday- wayquay (The Woman of the Glade), daughter of the Ojibway chief Waub- ojeeg, and settled on the St. Mary's River. Together they founded a family that was loved, respected, and famous throughout the region for honesty, fairness, and hospitality. Their home was the center of culture for the area and for every visiting traveler, Native American or white. The Invasion chronicles a time when one culture violently supplanted another even as it depicts a family that blends two cultures together. Henry Rowe Schoolcraft considered the Johnston family his most valued connection to the Native American population. He eventually married Jane Johnston, daughter of John and The Woman of the Glade, and remain close to her entire family. In his diary, Schoolcraft wrote of the Johnstons, "I have in fact stumbled, as it were, on the only family in Northwest America who could in Indian lore have acted as my guide, philosopher, and friend."

The world-historical significance of the Haitian Revolution is now firmly established in mainstream history. Yet Haiti’s nineteenth-century has yet to receive its due, this despite independent Haiti’s vital importance as the first nation to permanently ban slavery and its ongoing struggle for sovereignty in the Atlantic World. Louis-Joseph Janvier (1855–1911) is one of the foremost Haitian intellectuals and diplomats of the late-nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. His prolific oeuvre offered enduring challenges to racist slanders of Haiti and critiques of the global inequalities that arose from European colonialism and the Transatlantic Slave Trade. Through his writings, Janvier influenced the international debates about slavery, race, nation, and empire that shaped his era and, in many ways, remain unresolved today. Arguably his most powerful work, Haiti for the Haitians (1884) provides a searing critique of European and U.S. imperialism, predatory finance capitalism, and Haiti’s domestic politics. It offers his vision of Haiti’s future expressed through a remarkable phrase: Haiti for the Haitians. Haiti for the Haitians is the first major English translation of Janvier. Accompanied by an introduction, annotations, and an interdisciplinary collection of critical essays, this volume offers unprecedented access to this vital Haitian thinker and an important contribution to the scholarship on Haiti’s nineteenth century.

Migratie en sociale zekerheid worden vaak gezien als onmogelijk koppel; migranten drukken op de schatkist en ze ondermijnen de solidariteit die nodig is voor sociale zekerheid. Daarom wordt vaak gezegd dat er een keus gemaakt moet worden: of een muur om het land of een muur om de verzorgingsstaat. Maar dat is niet nodig. Migratie heeft een ander, veel diverser gezicht gekregen. Veel migranten komen om te werken, komen vaker uit Europa en patronen van vestiging en terugkeer bestaan naast elkaar. Of arbeidsmigratie de overheidsfinanciën en de solidariteit ondermijnen, ligt aan het type migratie en het type sociale zekerheidsstelsel. Daarom is het wel nodig om aanpassingen te maken, zowel aan de kant van het migratiebeleid als aan de kant van de sociale zekerheid.

First published in 1998. Thinking about criminology draws together the expertise of respected criminologists from the principle contemporary schools of thought. The book aims to provide a clear analysis of the relationship between sociological theory and contemporary empirical criminological research, discussing the ways in which theoretical perspectives have contributed to the understanding of relevant criminal justice institutions, law and policy.