Education & Pedagogy

This article examines the contribution that education, especially teacher education, has made to national development in Portugal from 1926 through 1981. It traces the changing relationship between the state and curricula of teacher education, changes in the general education system, and organizational characteristics of the teacher education process during the 1970s and 1980s. (Author/DB)

Shows how socialist education in Hungary has ameliorated the position of women in education and discusses what problems, common to many countries, still require attention. Summarizes major points of educational reform legislation of 1985, including access to education at all levels without distinction as to race or sex. (JHZ)

Presents an annotated bibliography related to the theme of the 1989 International Conference on Education, "Diversification of postsecondary education in relation to employment." Highlights include international aspects; planning; finance; distance education; continuing education; university-industry relationship; university-community relationship; and university-school relationship. The Preface and Introduction are in both French and English. (348 references) (LRW)

The Bureau of Indian Affairs' Chinle Agency is responsible for the education of 3,500 Navajo children; 230 are special education students. A questionnaire revealed that regular teachers felt inadequately prepared to teach the special education student. Project SERT provided 45 hours of graduate level instruction in special education knowledge and skills. (JHZ)

Evidence that Canadian teachers are not adequately prepared for the integration of exceptional students into regular classrooms is reviewed and two proposals for teacher education reform are compared, special education courses are included in regular teacher education programs and the other in which regular and special education are merged. (DB)

Traces the history of English prevocational education since 1870, examining four pieces of educational legislation. Outlines the recurring debate over the extent utilitarianism should define education. Focuses on political and economic requirements that fostered utilitarianism. Evaluates the act's technical and vocational education initiative. (CH)

Reviews research findings concerning competencies needed by and required of rural special education teachers and adapted physical education teachers. Discusses various validation techniques in teacher competency research. Describes 20 competencies as they relate to the generalist and the specialist in special physical education. Contains 69 references. (SV)

A survey was administered to 76 special education teachers to determine reasons for their leaving the special education classroom. Significant factors in leaving special education were excessive paperwork, pupil load, inadequate resources, and lack of recognition and support. (Author/JDD)

Describes preservice and inservice teacher education reform in the Asia-Pacific region. Reforms center on strengthening links between theory and practice, preservice and inservice education, teacher education and society, east and west, and countries of the Asia-Pacific region. Four recommendations for basic reform principles are presented. (SM)

Describes an Australian undergraduate teacher education program, "Issues in Cross Cultural Education." Designed to respond to the demands of Australia as a pluralist, multicultural society, it examines the ways in which the racial and ethnic minority presence has shaped and transformed the minority culture. (SM)

Reflects on education in China in light of the changing Communist world. Focuses on the tension among four competing educational goals--economic modernization, education as a universal right, recruitment of elites, and dissemination of ideology--while addressing problems in rural education, literacy education, teacher training, educational finance, and ideological conflict. (SV)

Describes two forms of integrating physical education curriculum that are appropriate for elementary and secondary education (internal and external). Presents implications of integrated curriculum for teachers and schools, discusses implications for teacher education and physical education units, and examines the importance of subject matter integration in physical education. (SM)

Maintains that there are definite and divisive tensions between multicultural education and citizenship education. Identifies various positions, philosophical backgrounds, and political proponents of these two camps. Recommends using both pedagogies to create a sense of community. (MJP)

Discusses how the absence of a humanistic interpretation of arts education is affecting humanities in higher education and the leadership in arts education. Focuses on educational policy in arts education demonstrating that a remnant of humanistic interpretation can be detected in the "National Standards for Arts Education." (CMK)

Examines the educational thought of W.E.B. DuBois, extrapolating from his work a model of educational principles that raise awareness of the need for African American based education and encourage further development of African American based education models. The principles are: African American centered education; communal education; broad based education; group leadership education; pan-Africanist education; and global education. (SM)